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  • Other Sources  (7)
  • 1975-1979  (7)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1955-1959
  • 1977  (7)
  • 1957
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  • 1975-1979  (7)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1955-1959
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  • 1
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    Improvements in navigation resulting from the use of dual spacecraft radiometric data (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: When two interplanetary spacecraft lie along similar geocentric lines-of-sight, navigational advantages may be achieved by navigating one spacecraft with respect to the other. Opportunities to employ this technique will become more common as more multiprobe missions are launched. The two Viking spacecraft and the two Mariner Jupiter/Saturn '77 spacecraft will be within two and three degrees of each other, respectively, for a large portion of their missions. Results of simulated analysis as well as the processing of real tracking data from the two Viking spacecraft reveal the following advantages of the dual spacecraft navigation technique: (1) cancellation of platform parameter and transmission media modeling errors in short arc solutions, (2) accurate encounter guidance for the trailing spacecraft, (3) reduction of total tracking requirements, and (4) rapid determination of the orbit following a maneuver on either spacecraft.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 55-65
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Landau damping and steepening of interplanetary nonlinear hydromagnetic waves (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: According to collisionless shock theories, the thickness of a shock front should be of the order of the characteristic lengths of the plasmas (the Debye length, the proton and Larmor radii, etc.). Chao and Lepping (1974), found, however, that 30% of the observed interplanetary shocks at 1 AU have thicknesses much larger than these characteristic lengths. It is the objective of the present paper to investigate whether the competition between nonlinear steepening and Landau damping can result in a wave of finite width that does not steepen into a shock. A heuristic model of such a wave is developed and tested by the examples of two structures that are qualitatively shocklike, but thicker than expected from theory. It is found that both events are in the process of steepening and their limiting thicknesses due to Landau damping are greater than the corresponding proton Larmor radius for both structures as observed at Mariner 5 (nearer the sun than 1 AU) but are comparable to the proton Larmor radius for Explorer (near 1 AU) observations.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 82; Oct. 1
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    High efficiency, long life terrestrial solar panel (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The design of a high efficiency, long life terrestrial module was completed. It utilized 256 rectangular, high efficiency solar cells to achieve high packing density and electrical output. Tooling for the fabrication of solar cells was in house and evaluation of the cell performance was begun. Based on the power output analysis, the goal of a 13% efficiency module was achievable.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-157060 , DOE/JPL-954831-77/12 , QR-1
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Basis for interpretation regarding the ages of the Serenitatis, Imbrium and Orientale events (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: One of the most important objectives of lunar study is to relate the lunar sample data to important lunar events. This paper utilizes as the basis of interpretation consideration of the following: (1) photogeologic data, (2) the choice of a cratering model, (3) estimates of temperature of impact ejecta and shock-induced heating, (4) petrologic data of lunar breccias and their thermal and shock history, and (5) meaningful age measurements. Both the author's interpretations and alternative views are discussed. The age of the Serenitatis event is not yet known. The interpreted age of the Imbrium event is between 3.90 and 3.84 Ga. The age of the Orientale event is 3.84 Ga.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    A demonstration of dual spacecraft tracking conducted with the Viking spacecraft during the approach phase (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: In the case of interplanetary space missions involving two spacecraft, such as Viking, significant navigation advantages may sometimes be achieved (at least for the trailing vehicle) by determining the orbit of one relative to the other, or otherwise combining the data from the two spacecraft. Dual spacecraft navigation concepts have been investigated by Chao et al. (1976). New analytical models for the dual spacecraft data types are presented and results are reported from a more recent demonstration conducted during the approach phase of the Viking mission. The demonstration was based on data taken two weeks before Mars orbit insertion of the second Viking spacecraft. The demonstration was designed to show that the approaching probe could be tied accurately to the planet through the orbiter. Attention is given to the geometry of the Viking B approach trajectory, the accuracy of the delivered estimates for midcourse maneuvers, and an algorithm of data processing.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: Astrodynamics Specialist Conference; Sept. 7-9, 1977; Jackson Hole, WY; US
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Impact cratering phenomenon for the Ries multiring structure based on constraints of geological, geophysical, and petrological studies and the nature of the impacting body (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: In the present paper, an attempt is made to delineate, on the basis of field and laboratory data, the phenomenon of formation of the Ries multiring basin - the best preserved very large terrestrial impact structure. The model proposed conforms to constraints imposed by geological, geophysical, and petrological studies and by the nature of the postulated impacting body. It is also based on the impact features of a stony meteorite measuring 3 km in diameter at an impact velocity of 15 km/sec. The schematic reconstruction shows that critical to the production of a shallow crater is shallow impact penetration (shallow depth of burst). This and the nonballistic ejection of excavated material appear to be genetically related, i.e., if extensive nonballistic transport is recognized, then the associated crater must be a shallow structure and vice versa. This also means the shallow configuration of a crater may not have anything to do with postcratering readjustment.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Symposium on Planetary Cratering Mechanics; Sep 13, 1976 - Sep 17, 1976; Flagstaff, AZ
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Apollo 16 white boulder consortium samples 67455 and 67475 - Petrologic investigation (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The paper describes Apollo 16 samples 67455 and 67475 from a white boulder which seems to be an ejecta block that represents a major lithology of the ejecta stratigraphic section penetrated by the North Ray cratering event. The characteristics of 67455, a polymict white feldspathic impact ejecta breccia, might possibly indicate that this and other samples from near the North Ray Crater rim come from a different source area or at least a different part of the same source area than do other Apollo 16 light matrix breccias. Sample 67475 is an impact melt probably produced by the same event that produced 67455. The transport of this assemblage and the relation of the white boulder to ejecta from the Nectaris event are considered.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 14, 1977 - Mar 18, 1977; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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