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  • Chemistry  (25)
  • General Chemistry  (6)
  • Hansenula polymorpha  (4)
  • Liquid chromatography  (4)
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  • 1980-1984  (18)
  • 1955-1959  (15)
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  • 1982  (18)
  • 1955  (15)
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  • 2005-2009
  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984  (18)
  • 1955-1959  (15)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of the synthesis of methanol oxidizing enzymes inKloeckera sp. 2201 andHansenula polymorpha, a comparison (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 131 (1982), S. 174-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Hansenula polymorpha ; Kloeckera sp. 2201 ; Methanol ; Glucose ; Methanol dissimilating enzymes ; Regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A comparative study was made of the regulation of the synthesis of methanol dissimilating enzymes inkloeckera sp. 2201 andHansenula polymorpha using chemostat and batch growth conditions and methanol or glucose as carbon sources. During growth in methanol-limited chemostat cultures similar enzyme patterns for alcohol oxidase, catalase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase in the two yeasts were found. When growing in batch culture with glucoseH. polymorpha, but notKloeckera sp. 2201, was found to produce ethanol which might affect the synthesis of these enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01054002
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixed substrate growth of methylotrophic yeasts in chemostat culture: Influence of the dilution rate on the utilisation of a mixture of glucose and methanol (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 131 (1982), S. 8-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Hansenula polymorpha ; Kloeckera sp. 2201 ; Mixed substrate utilisation ; Chemostat ; Induction ; Repression ; Methanol ; Glucose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The growth of Hansenula polymorpha and Kloeckera sp. 2201 with a mixture of glucose and methanol (38.8%/61.2%, w/w) and the regulation of the methanol dissimilating enzymes alcohol oxidase, catalase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase were studied in chemostat culture, as a function of the dilution rate. Both organisms utilized and assimilated glucose and methanol simultaneously up to dilution rates of 0.30 h-1 (H. polymorpha) and 0.26h-1, respectively (Kloeckera sp. 2201) which significantly exceeded μmax found for the two yeasts with methanol as the only source of carbon. At higher dilution rates methanol utilisation ceased and only glucose was assimilated. Over the whole range of mixed-substrate growth both carbon sources were assimilated with the same efficiency as during growth with glucose or methanol alone. In cultures of H. polymorpha, however, the growth yield for glucose was lowered by the unmetabolized methanol at high dilution rates. During growth on both carbon sources the repression of the synthesis of all catabolic methanol enzymes which is normally caused by glucose was overcome by the inductive effect of the simultaneously fed methanol. In both organisms the synthesis of alcohol oxidase was found to be regulated differently as compared to catalase, formaldehyde and formate dehydrogenase. Whereas increasing repression of the synthesis of alcohol oxidase was found with increasing dilution rates as indicated by gradually decreasing specific activities of this enzyme in cell-free extracts, the specific activities of this enzyme in cell-free extracts, the specific activities of catalase and the dehydrogenases increased with increasing growth rates until repression started. The results indicate similar patterns of the regulation of the synthesis of methanol dissimilating enzymes in different methylotrophic yeasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00451491
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulatory flexibility of methylotrophic yeasts in chemostat cultures: Simultaneous assimilation of glucose and methanol at a fixed dilution rate (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 131 (1982), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Hansenula polymorpha ; Kloeckera sp. 2201 ; Chemostat ; Mixed substrates ; Glucose ; Methanol ; Growth yields ; Enzyme regulation ; Dissimilatory enzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of the composition of methanol/glucose-mixtures as only sources of carbon and energy on growth and regulation of the synthesis of enzymes involved in methanol-dissimilation was studied under chemostat conditions at a fixed dilution rate with the methylotrophic yeasts Hansenula polymorpha and Kloeckera sp. 2201. Both carbon sources were found to be utilized completely independently of the composition of the C1/C6 mixture. Using mixtures of 14C-labelled methanol and glucose the growth yield for glucose was found to be constant for all C1/C6-mixtures tested and both yeasts. The growth yield for methanol, however, was reduced by up to 25% when the proportion of methanol in the inflowing medium was lower than 20% (w/w with respect to glucose) for H. polymorpha and 50% (w/w with respect to glucose) for Kloeckera sp. 2201 respectively. During growth with C1/C6-mixtures containing higher C1-proportions of methanol regular growth yields for methanol were recorded which corresponded to the growth yields found with methanol as the only carbon source. The regulation of the synthesis of the enzymes of the dissimilatory pathway for methanol was found to be under multiple control. Although glucose was present in the medium methanol had a positive effect on the synthesis of these enzymes. Thus, in addition to derepression induction by methanol was also observed. This inductive effect was found to increase with increasing proportions of methanol in the mixture. Depending on the enzyme, 10–40% methanol in the mixture resulted in a maximal induction with enzyme specific activities equal to those found in cells grown with methanol as the only carbon source. No further enhancements in enzyme specific activities were observed during growth on mixtures containing more than 40% methanol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00451490
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of protein synthesis in methylotrophic yeasts: Repression of methanol dissimilating enzymes by nitrogen limitation (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 131 (1982), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Chemostat ; Nitrogen limitation ; Hansenula polymorpha ; Kloeckera sp. 2201 ; Carbon limitation ; Repression ; Methanol dissimilating enzymes ; Shift experiment ; Catabolite inactivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of nitrogen limitation on the regulation of the methanol oxidizing enzymes alcohol oxidase, catalase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase in the two methylotrophic yeastsHansenula polymorpha andKloeckera sp. 2201 was studied in continuous culture. When shifted from carbon-limited growth conditions (with a mixture of glucose and methanol as carbon sources) to a nitrogen-limited environment both cultures were found to go through a transition phase where neither enhanced residual concentrations of the nitrogen source nor of one of the two carbon sources could be detected in the supernatant. As soon as nitrogen became a limiting substrate an immediate reorganisation of the cell composition was initiated: protein content of the cells dropped to approximately 40% of its initial value, glycogen was synthesized and the enzyme composition of the cells was changed. The peroxisomal enzymes alcohol oxidase and catalase in both organisms and the two dehydrogenases for formaldehyde and formate in cells ofKloeckera sp. 2201 were subject to degradation (catabolite inactivation). The measured rates of inactivation indicated that in cells ofH. polymorpha this process might be limited to peroxisomes, whereas inKloeckera sp. 2201 the degradation was found to affect peroxisomal as well as cytoplasmic enzymes. In contrast to methanol dissimilating enzymes the net rate of synthesis of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was not affected by this process but those enzymes were synthesized with increased rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01053988
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preconcentration and LC analysis of chlorophenols, using a styrene-divinyl-benzene copolymeric sorbent and photochemical reaction detection (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Chlorophenols in water ; Preconcentration ; Post-column photochemical dechlorination ; Electrochemical, UV and fluorescence detection ; Column switching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A specific HPLC method has been developed for the trace analysis of lower chlorinated aromatic compounds. The method consists of an on-line preconcentration and a post-column reaction step. On-line preconcentration of mono- and dichlorophenols from aqueous samples has been performed using PRP1, a divinylbenzene-styrene copolymeric sorbent as packing material for both pre-and analytical column. Enrichment factors of over 300 were obtained compared to regular (100 μl) loop injections, even for the highly polar monochlorophenols. After reversed-phase separation, post-column photochemical dechlorination is carried out directly in the eluent stream, using a photochemical reactor. Upon dechlorination, fluorescent products are formed, which can be detected selectively. The resulting fluorescence signal shows a linear response to the quantity of solute present over 2 to 3 orders of magnitude (correlation coefficients: 0.990–0.98). For the mono- and dichlorophenols, the detection limit of the photoconversion method is in the lower nanogram range. The method is especially suitable for the analysis of complex matrices such as effluent water samples or biological fluids containing traces of the polar chloroaromatic compounds together with large amounts of other constituents, which interfere when using more general methods of detection like UV absorption. The potential of this technique for automation has been demonstrated by using a microprocessor-controlled column switching unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258869
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photochemical reaction detection of phylloquinone and menaquinones. A comparison with chemical post-columns reduction for fluorescence detection (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 459-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Photochemical reaction detection ; Chemical post-column reduction ; Fluorimetric detection ; Air segmented flow systems ; Non-aqueous reversed-phase chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new photochemical reaction method for the on-line fluorimetric detection of natural vitamin K homologs was developed. In addition to its high sensitivity, the method features an interesting selectivity for the determination of these compounds in a complex matrix such as human serum. The formation of different photolysis products as a function of reaction conditions, and the optimalisation of a segmented flow reaction system will be discussed. The results indicate that the method is 4 times more sensitive than UV detection, and at least as selective as fluorescence detection after post-column chemical reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261609
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimum conditions for the separation of nucleobases and nucleosides on unmodified silica by HPLC (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 282-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Nucleobases ; Nucleosides ; Silica gel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention behaviour of nucleobases and nucleosides on unmodified silica with dichloromethane-methanol-water mixtures has been systematically investigated. The degree and order of retention can be varied over a wide range by changing the pH, the type and concentration of the acidic additives and by the methanol and water content of the mobile phase. The retention process cannot be considered as simple adsorption but rather as a very complex mixed distribution process of adsorption and absorption including the involvement of ion-pair formation. Further data on the effect of the type of silica (source of supply) on retention behaviour, column efficiency and column reproducibility are reported. The practical application of unmodified silica for the separation of nucleobases and nucleosides is demonstrated by the analysis of a hydrolysate of calf thymus DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265678
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved interface for liquid chromatography/electron-capture detector coupling. Part II (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 237-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Electron capture detection ; Improved interface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An improved interface for the coupling of a liquid chromatograph (LC) and an electron-capture detector (ECD) allows the use of the LC-ECD combination for the determination of various types of chlorinated aromatic compounds. The addition of up to 6% of dioxan to the hexane used as mobile phase can be tolerated without serious deterioration of detector performance. Derivatization of polar compounds such as anilines, phenylurea herbicides, chlorophenols and hydroxylated polychlorobiphenyls with fluorine-and non-fluorine-containing acid anhydrides is a useful tool to extend the application range of LC-ECD. As an example, the analysis of a spiked soil sample is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258910
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by glass capillary gas chromatography using different detectors (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 19-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography, glass capillary ; Selective detection ; Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Carbon black ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Glass capillary gas chromatography has been investigated as a method for the analysis of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAH) using both splitless and on-column injection techniques. The nitro-PAH showed good chromatographic performance and thermal stability under the GC conditions used. Retention times and response factors of several nitro-PAH were compared to those of conventional PAH.Simultaneous flame ionization and thermionic nitrogen selective detection was used to facilitate identification of nitro-PAH in complex samples. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated on two samples of commercial carbon black. Besides 1-nitropyrene several isomeric dinitropyrenes have been identified.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050104
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of chemically bonded stationary phases in thin-layer chromatography-a surveyBased on a paper presented at the Second Intemational Symposium on Instrumental High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, Interlaken, May 1982. (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 476-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Thin-layer chromatography, TLC ; Reversed phase TLC ; Chemically bonded stationary phases ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An overview is given of the literature publisned in the field of thin-layer chromatography on chemically bonded phases. Aspects which merit further attention are: quantitative analysis, organic solvent selection, stationary phase characteristics, surface modification of precoated silica plates, ion-pair chromatography and correlation of thin-layer and column chromatographic data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050905
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