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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (97)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (78)
  • Physical Chemistry  (34)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (209)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Oxford University Press
  • Springer
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (197)
  • 1950-1954  (12)
  • 1978  (79)
  • 1976  (63)
  • 1975  (55)
  • 1952  (12)
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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (209)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Oxford University Press
  • Springer
Years
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (197)
  • 1950-1954  (12)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transforming viruses directly reduce the cellular growth requirement for a platelet derived growth factor (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 97 (1978), S. 371-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Early passage mouse embryo fibroblasts, mouse 3T3 cell lines, and early passage diploid human fibroblasts grew to higher cell densities in tissue culture medium supplemented with serum than in medium supplemented with defibrinogenated platelet-poor plasma (PPP). Unlike the mouse cells, the human fibroblasts displayed this differential growth response only in the presence of hypophysiologic concentrations of calcium. The addition of heat-treated extracts of human platelets to PPP-supplemented medium stimulated the replication of both the normal mouse cells and early passage human embryo fibroblasts.Human or mouse fibroblasts transformed by either retroviruses or by SV40, including SV40 infected “serum revertants” and “flat transformants,” grew to equal cell densities in medium supplemented with either serum or PPP. Infection of Balb/c-3T3 cells with SV40 rapidly induced them to grow in PPP-supplemented medium demonstrating that the ability of SV40-transformed cell lines to proliferate in PPP-supplemented medium does not arise from the cell culture selection procedures usually employed to obtain stable virus-transformed cell lines. 3T3 cells infected but not transformed by retroviruses do not replicate in PPP-supplemented medium demonstrating that reduction of the growth requirement for the platelet growth factor(s) by retroviruses is a transformation-specific response. Cell cultures that did not proliferate well in PPP-supplemented medium did not form tumors when inoculated into athymic nude mice. Many, although not all, of the lines which grew well in PPP medium were tumorigenic in nude mice. Together, these findings indicate that: (1) normal fibroblast-like cells display a growth requirement for factor(s) present in serum but not found in PPP; (2) this serum specific growth factor is derived from platelets; (3) a primary response to viral transforming genes is a reduction in the growth requirement for these platelet-derived factors; and (4) cells that have a reduced requirement for the platelet-derived growth factor are often tumorigenic.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040970312
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A computational modeling study of the low-temperature pyrolysis of n-alkanes; mechanisms of propane, n-butane, and n-pentane pyrolyses (1975)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 7 (1975), S. 479-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mechanisms of the pyrolyses of the n-alkanes C3H8, n-C4H10, and n-C5H12 at temperatures between 390 and 560°C have been studied by the construction and evaluation of sets of several hundred reactions. Rate parameter values were assigned using literature data and calculated estimates. Time-dependent numerical solutions were computed for the experimental conditions of several rate and product studies reported in the literature. The comparisons of these a priori computations with experiment show excellent agreement for propane and agreement for butane and pentane within the estimated error limits of the assigned rate parameters. These results demonstrate that the general “state of knowledge” of the mechanism of alkane pyrolysis, namely, the reactions and their rate parameters, is such that reasonable a priori predictions of experimental results can be made. Discussions of the major stepwise processes in the pyrolyses are presented, and the importance of allyl radicals in termination is demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550070402
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The kinetics of aquation and racemization of some cis- chloro-, hydroxo-, and aquabis(ethylenediamine)(amine)cobalt(III) complexes (1976)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 8 (1976), S. 573-583 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aquation rates forcis-CoCl(en)2(A)2+ (A = 3,5-lutidine, imidazole, N-methylimidazole, benzimidazole) have been determined by halide release titration in 1.0 M HNO3 at 50-80°C. Kinetic parameters are (in the above order of A) 107k298 (sec-1), 7.4, 5.7, 1.3, 9.7; Ea (kJ/mole), 103, 101, 130, 112; log PZ (sec-1), 11.89, 11.53, 16.04, 13.58; ΔS298
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550080411
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A shock-tube study of the kinetics of reaction of hydroxyl radicals with H2, CO, CH4, CF3H, C2H4, and C2H6 (1976)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 8 (1976), S. 549-561 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Concentration-time profiles have been measured for hydroxyl radicals generated by the shock-tube decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a variety of additives. At temperatures close to 1300°K the rate constants for the reaction \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$${\rm OH} + {\rm RH} \to {\rm R} + {\rm H}_{\rm 2} {\rm O}$$\end{document} are found to be in the ratio 0.18:0.19:0.59:1.00:2.33:2.88 for the additives CO:CF3H:H2:CH4:C2H4:C2H6, respectively.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550080409
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A kinetics study of the reactions of OH with several aromatic and olefinic compounds (1978)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 10 (1978), S. 783-804 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reactions of hydroxyl radicals with eight substituted aromatic hydrocarbons and four olefins were studied utilizing the flash photolysis-resonance fluorescence technique. The rate constants were measured at 298°K using either Ar or He as the diluent gas. The values of the rate constants (k × 1012) in the units of cm3/molec. sec are (a) OH + o-xylene → products: (12.9±3.8), 20 torr He; (13.0±0.3), 20 torr Ar; (12.4±0.1), 200 torr He;(b) OH + m-xylene → products: (15.6±1.4), 3 torr Ar; (19.4±0.8), 20 torr Ar; (21.4±0.2), 20 torr He; (20.3±1.9), 200 torr Ar; (20.6±1.3), 200 Torr He;(c) OH + p-xylene → products: (8.8±1.2), 3 torr Ar; (10.1±1.0), 20 torr He; (10.5±0.6), 200 torr He;(d) OH + ethyl benzene → products: (7.50±0.38), 3 torr He; (7.06±0.26), 20 torr He; (7.95±0.28), 200 torr He;(e) OH + n-propylbenzene → products: (6.40±0.36), 20 torr He; (5.86±0.16), 200 torr He;(f) OH + isopropylbenzene → products: (7.79±0.40), 200 torr He;(g) OH + hexafluorobenzene → products: (0.221±0.020), 20 torr He; (0.219±0.016) 200 torr He;(h) OH + n-propyl pentafluorobenzene → products: (2.52±0.54), 3 torr He; (3.01±0.76), 20 torr He; (3.06±0.24), 200 torr He;(i) OH + propylene → products: (25.6±1.2), 20 torr He; (26.3±1.2), 200 torr He;(j) OH + 1-butene → products: (29.6±1.9), 3 torr He; (29.4±1.4), 20 torr He;(k) OH + cis-2-butene → products: (43.2±4.1), 3 torr He; (42.6±2.5), 20 torr He;(l) OH + tetramethylethylene → products: (56.9±1.3), 20 torr He.
    Additional Material: 15 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550100802
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Very low-pressure pyrolysis of cyclobutyl cyanide. The cyano stabilization energy (1975)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 7 (1975), S. 109-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A very low-pressure pyrolysis (VLPP) apparatus has been constructed and shown to yield kinetic data consistent with other VLPP systems. The technique has been applied to the pyrolysis of cyclobutyl cyanide over the temperature range of 833-1203°K. The reaction was found to proceed via a single pathway to yield ethylene and vinyl cyanide. If A∞ is based on previous high-pressure data for this reaction and for cyclobutane pyrolysis, then RRKM theory calculations show that the experimental unimolecular rate constants are consistent with the high-pressure Arrhenius parameters given by \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm log}\,k_\infty ({\rm sec}^{{\rm - 1}}) = 15.0 - (57.0 \pm 1.0)/\theta $$\end{document} where θ=2.303 RT in kcal/mole. If A∞ is adjusted relative to the more recent parameters for cyclobutane pyrolysis suggested by VLPP studies, then the Arrhenius expression becomes \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm log }\,k_\infty ({\rm sec}^{{\rm - 1}}) = 15.9 - (59.1 \pm 1.0)/\theta $$\end{document} The cyano group reduces the activation energy for cyclobutane pyrolysis by 6±1 kcal/mole, and on the basis of a biradical mechanism this value may be attributed to the cyano stabilization energy.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550070112
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    29Si-NMR-Spektroskopie an Silicatlösungen. II. Zur Abhängigkeit der Struktur der Silicatanionen in wäßrigen Natriumsilicatlösungen vom Na : Si-Verhältnis (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 418 (1975), S. 17-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 29Si-NMR Spectroscopy of Silicate Solutions. II. On the Dependence of the Structure of Silicate Anions in Water Solutions from the Na : Si RatioThe 29Si-FT-NMR spectra of 13 sodiumsilicate solutions with different Na:Si ratios are investigated with regard to the structure of the silicate anions in the solutions. The 5 typical building units (Monosilicate, end-, middle-, branching and crosslinking groups) show characteristic and non overlapping ranges of the 29Si chemical shift with many signals splittings caused by different neighbouring group effects. The relative intensities of the signals give informations on the concentrations and the equilibrium of condensation of the silicate anions in dependence of the Na:Si ratio. It is shown, that many types of anions with different degree of condensation coexist in an equilibrium, which is shiftet to the polymer silicate anions with high content of branching and crosslinking groups on the decrease of the Na:Si ratio.
    Notes: Die 29Si-FT-NMR-Spektren von 13 Natriumsilicatlösungen mit unterschiedlichem Na:Si-Verhältnis werden in Hinblick auf die Struktur der in den Lösungen auftretenden Silicatanionen untersucht. Für die 5 möglichen Baugruppen (Monosilicat, Endgruppen. Mittelgruppen, Verzweigungs- und Vernetzungsgruppen) lassen sich definierte Bereiche der 29Si-chemischen Verschiebung angeben, in denen durch Einfluß der weiteren strukturellen Umgebung i. a. zahlreiche Signalaufspaltungen beobachtet werden. Aus den relativen Intensitäten der Signale können Aussagen über die Konzentrationsverteilung und damit über das Kondensationsgleichgewicht der Silicatanionen in Abhängigkeit vom Na:Si-Verhältnis abgeleitet werden. Es zeigt sich, daß zahlreiche Anionentypen mit unterschiedlichem Kondensationsgrad nebeneinander in einem Gleichgewicht vorliegen, das sich mit fallendem Na:Si-Verhältnis stark auf die Seite höhermolekularer Silicatanionen mit hohem Gehalt an Verzweigungs- und Vernetzungsgruppen verschiebt.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19754180103
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Kenntnis der Hydrate des Na2PHO3, Phasenbeziehungen und kristallographische Untersuchungen (1978)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 439 (1978), S. 265-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Hydrates of Na2PHO3, Phase Relations and Crystallographic InvestigationsDehydration of Na2PHO3,5 H2O to the respective anhydrous salt was investigated by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. In the course of dehydration an intermediate lower hydrate is formed, Na2PHO3,0.5 H2O. Single crystals of this phase were grown from solution. Na2PHO3,0.5 H2O is rhombohedral, space group R32, R3m or R3m, with a = 18.918(5) Å and α = 33.00(2)°. - The crystal structure of Na2PHO3,5 H2O was redetermined. The pentahydrate is orthorhomic, space group Pnm21, with a = 7.190(1), b = 6.447(1), c = 9.230(2) Å. The structure consists of layers of Na-coordinating polyhedra which share edges and vertices. The layers are connected to a threedimensional structure by hydrogen bonds of the water molecules.
    Notes: Die Dehydratisierung von NaaPHO3 · 5 H2O zum wasserfreien Salz wurde mit Thermogravimetrie und Differentialthermoanalyse untersucht. Die Entwässerung verläuft über die Stufe eines intermediären niederen Hydrates, Na2PHO3 · 0,5 H2O. Einkristalle des Hemihydrates konnten aus Lösung gezüchtet werden; es kristallisiert rhomboedrisch, Raumgruppe R32, R3m oder R3m, mit a = 18,918(5) ß und α = 33,00(2)°. - Die Kristallstruktur von Na2PHO3 · 5 H2O wurde neu bestimmt. Das Pentahydrat kristallisiert orthorhombisch, Raumgruppe Pnm21 mit a = 7,109(1), b = 6,447(1), c = 9,230(2) Å. Die Struktur ist aus Schichten von kanten- und eckenverknüpften Na-Koordinationspolyedern aufgebaut. Die Schichten werden durch Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen der Wassermoleküle zu einem dreidimensionalen Strukturverband verknüpft.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19784390132
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Very low-pressure pyrolysis (VLPP) of alkyl cyanides. II. n-propyl cyanide and isobutyl cyanide. The heat of formation and stabilization energy of the cyanomethyl radical (1975)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 7 (1975), S. 837-855 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The very low-pressure pyrolysis (VLPP) technique has been used to study the pyrolysis of n-propyl cyanide over the temperature range of 1090-1250°K. Decomposition proceeds via two pathways, C2—C3 bond fission and C3—C4 bond fission, with the former accounting for 〉90% of the overall decomposition. Application of unimolecular reaction rate theory shows that the experimental unimolecular rate constants for C2—C3 fission are consistent with the high-pressure Arrhenius parameters given by \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \log k_1 (\sec ^{ - 1}) = (15.4 \pm 0.3) - (76.7 \pm 1.7)/\theta $$\end{document} where θ=2.303RT kcal/mole. The activation energy leads to DH2980[C2H5—CH2CN]=76.9±1.7 kcal/mole and ΔHƒ,2980(ĊH2CN, g)=58.5±2.2 kcal/mole. The stabilization energy of the cyanomethyl radical has been found to be 5.1±2.6 kcal/mole, which is the same as the value for the α-cyanoethyl radical. This result suggests that DH2980[CH2(CN)—H] ∼ 93 kcal/mole, which is considerably higher than previously reported. The value obtained for ΔHƒ0(ĊH2CN) should be usable for prediction of the activation energy for C2—C3 fission in primary alkyl cyanides, and this has been confirmed by a study of the VLPP of isobutyl cyanide over the temperature range of 1011-1123°K. The decomposition reactions parallel those for n-propyl cyanide, and the experimental data for C2—C3 fission are compatible with the Arrhenius expression \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \log k_5 (\sec ^{ - 1}) = (15.4 \pm 0.3) - (73.1 \pm 1.7)/\theta $$\end{document} A significant finding of this work is that HCN elimination from either compound is practically nonexistent under the experimental conditions. Decomposition of the radical, CH3CHCH2CN, generated by C3—C4 fission in isobutyl cyanide, yields vinyl cyanide and not the expected product, crotonitrile. This may be explained by a radical isomerization involving either a 1,2-CN shift or a 1,2-H shift.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550070606
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of the thermal decomposition of trans-1,2-dicyanocyclobutane (1978)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 10 (1978), S. 453-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of the thermal decomposition of trans-1,2-dicyanocyclobutane, which yields only vinyl cyanide, have been studied in the temperature range of 570°-660°K using a stirred-flow reactor. The reaction was found to be first order and homogeneous with rate constants represented by the Arrhenius equation \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm log}k{\rm (sec}^{- 1} {\rm) =}{{{\rm (16}{\rm .0} \pm {\rm 0}{\rm .3)} - {\rm (52}{\rm .9} \pm {\rm 0}{\rm .8)}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{\rm (16}{\rm .0} \pm {\rm 0}{\rm .3)} - {\rm (52}{\rm .9} \pm {\rm 0}{\rm .8)}} \theta}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} \theta} $$\end{document} where θ = 2.303 RT kcal/mol. The Arrhenius parameters are considerably higher than previously reported. On the assumption of a biradical mechanism the results are consistent with a cyano stabilization energy of ∼5 kcal/mol, in good agreement with the results of recent studies of related systems.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550100504
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