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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (42)
  • American Geophysical Union  (21)
  • Oxford University Press  (21)
  • Ovid Technologies
  • 1990-1994  (52)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (28)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1950-1954  (5)
  • 1994  (52)
  • 1983  (28)
  • 1951  (5)
Collection
Publisher
Years
  • 1990-1994  (52)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (28)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1950-1954  (5)
Year
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On Being Stuck in the Middle or Good Food Costs Less at Sainsbury's (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of management 5 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8551
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The idea that successful companies should pursue only one strategy and avoid being ‘stuck in the middle’ between several strategies – originally articulated by Michael Porter – has become an important tenet of corporate strategic thinking. This paper attempts to distinguish and appraise several different interpretations of the advice.It is sometimes interpreted as advice about market positioning in a narrow sense; it is sometimes presented as prescribing broad strategic clarity; and it is sometimes viewed more descriptively as a scheme for classifying firms by strategic outcomes.When interpreted narrowly as referring to the appeal of a product to its target buyers, the proposition that firms should not be ‘stuck in the middle’ should not be taken to imply that companies must be down-market or up-market, but nothing in-between. Such a view is belied by the evident success of companies such as Sainsbury's, which earn substantial economic rents in a mid-market position.Porter can be interpreted more broadly as suggesting that firms need strategic clarity and that they will do better to pursue one or other of cost or quality objectives than to seek a mix of the two. PIMS data and other evidence shows, however, that intermediate positions are indeed profitable and are successfully exploited by many firms.We conclude that ‘don't be stuck in the middle’ is best employed as a classification scheme of strategic outcomes – it says that firms which fail in both cost and quality dimensions perform poorly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.1994.tb00066.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of three wet-alkaline methods of digestion of biogenic silica in water (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 13 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. Methods for determination of low levels of biogenic silica (0.2–0.4 mg SiO2) in aqueous samples after digestion with three wetalkaline extraction procedures compared favourably in both precision of replicates and recovery of silica utilized by diatoms in budgeted cultures. Leaching samples with 0.2 M NaOH for 10–15 min at 100°C was the least time consuming procedure. Also interference from silicate minerals was lower for this method than leaching with either 0.5 or 5% Na2CO3 for 2 h at 85°C. The use of filters to concentrate samples enables detection of low levels of biogenic silica with colorimetric procedures. Polycarbonate filters are recommended in preference to cellulose acetate or polyvinyl chloride filters for sample collection. Time-course experiments are recommended for establishing digestion times and determining the presence of mineral silicate interference. Wet-alkaline digestion methods are recommended for routine analysis of biogenic silica in suspended matter in preference to infra-red analysis, alkaline fusion and hydrofluoric acid/nitric acid methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1983.tb00658.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological Responses of Human Apurinic Endonuclease to Radiation-Induced DNA Damage (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 726 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb52834.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EDUCATION OF FUTURE GROUND-WATER PROFESSIONALS (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 32 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1994.tb00910.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural Biological Attenuation of Benzene in Ground Water Beneath a Manufacturing Facility (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 32 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Subsurface unsaturated soils and ground water directly beneath a manufacturing site have been shown to contain benzene. The vadose zone appears to be the current source for benzene to the aquifer. Although the ground water contains several mg/1 of contamination in the area immediately beneath the source, benzene was not detected in monitoring wells approximately 400 feet downgradient. Based upon the length of time benzene has been present in the ground water, as well as the permeability of the aquifer, physical processes alone such as adsorption and advection/dispersion are unlikely to account for the observed attenuation. Results from this investigation indicated the attenuation was primarily due to the natural biological processes occurring within the aquifer.Evidence for the natural bioremediation of benzene from the ground water included: (1) analysis of ground-water chemistry, (2) laboratory studies demonstrating benzene biodegradation in aquifer samples, and (3) computer simulations examining contaminant transport. Laboratory studies indicated that under conditions similar to those encountered in the ground water, benzene was degraded to carbon dioxide by the naturally occurring microorganisms. The aerobic degradation of benzene in aquifer samples was quite rapid, with the time for 50% disappearance of the parent compound ranging from 4 to 14 days. In situ analyses of the ground water indicated significant levels of dissolved oxygen throughout the aquifer. Thus, the availability of oxygen should not limit the aerobic biodegradation of benzene. However, benzene was also shown to degrade under anaerobic conditions in microcosms prepared with aquifer material. Computer model simulations were also conducted to examine the processes influencing the transport of benzene in the aquifer. Results from the model simulations indicated biodegradation was the dominant process influencing attenuation of the contaminant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1994.tb00636.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attenuation and Biodegradation of Chlorophenols in Ground Water at a Former Wood Treating Facility (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 32 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: This communication describes novel methods to measure site-specific sorption data, and to determine if biodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in complex technical-grade formulations occurs at industrial facilities. Ground-water slurry samples containing between 0.012 and 230 mg/l PCP were collected from a former wood treating site, the liquid and solid fractions separated, and both fractions analyzed for PCP using selective ion monitoring to determine sorption coefficients (Kd(PCP)). Although field sorption coefficients could not be represented by simple Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, an empirical hyperbolic function (Kd(PCP)) = 0.054 + 0.086/Caq) fit the isotherm (r 〉 0.99), demonstrating that for PCP 〉 10 mg/l, no measurable retardation occurred in the aquifer. Biodegradation of PCP in ground water was apparent when PCP concentrations were 〈 20 mg/1, while at higher concentrations, PCP in the technical-grade formulation appeared to break down less readily. The results imply that, at the plume periphery, PCP in the subsurface will be attenuated and degrade, while at higher concentrations (i.e., at the source), PCP is mobile, and more recalcitrant to degradation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1994.tb00639.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Portable Air-Minipermeameter for Rapid In Situ Field Measurements (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 32 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Measurements of air-permeability in outcrops provide a means of obtaining numerous spatially distributed measurements for statistical analysis and subsequent parameterization of ground-water flow and transport modeling. The air-minipermeameters previously used for such studies generally consist of a compressed air source, rotameters, and diaphragm gauges. We present a lightweight syringe-based air-minipermeameter (LSAMP) design that is significantly more portable than previous instruments. The prototype model is contained in a 12.7 × 15.2 × 23 centimeter (5 × 6 × 9 inch) electrical box and weighs approximately 2 kilograms. The prototype LSAMP has a sampling range of 0.5 to 200 darcys. Individual measurements in this range require less than one minute. Permeability measured with the LSAMP closely correspond to permeability measured with a traditional minipermeameter and those measured on cores. Measurement error caused by soil moisture is less than 5 percent for volumetric water contents less than 5 percent. An analysis of variance on 38 triplicate measurements indicates that the variability associated with measurement error is much less than the range of measured values. Repeated permeability measurements under field conditions on two standard cores indicate that while the measurement error is greater under field conditions, the prototype device field performance is consistent with laboratory calibration results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1994.tb00640.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REPLY TO the preceding Discussion by I. V. Zelenin of “Prospect Risk Analysis Applied to Ground-Water Reservoir Evaluation” (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 21 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1983.tb00757.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Far-red light reflected from neighbouring vegetation promotes shoot elongation and accelerates flowering in spring barley plants (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 17 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Field experiments were conducted in St Paul, MN, USA, to test the hypothesis that early season declines in the red:far-red ratio (R:FR) associated with FR reflection from neighbouring leaves have a role in regulating barley development. Treatment plants were grown adjacent to densely sown border rows of barley. The borders functioned to reflect far-red (FR), which reduced R:FR within the treatment plant light environment without shading treatment plants. Barriers were set in the soil to minimize root interactions between treatment plants and borders. Treatment plants were spaced either 2 or 16 cm apart. The presence of borders significantly increased shoot leaf and internode lengths at both plant spacings. Leaf sheath length data suggest that interactions between 2 cm spaced treatment plants enhanced plant responsiveness to the presence of borders. Border treatments shortened the period of vegetative growth prior to initiation of main shoot floral primordia. Bordered plants formed fewer main shoot leaves, initiated internode elongation at a lower node, and had slightly earlier heading dates than unbordered controls. Leaf appearance rate was not influenced by border treatments. We conclude that barley shoot development is photomorphogenically modulated by R:FR. Early season shifts in R:FR could have a significant influence on shoot development given that barley has the capacity to detect and developmentally respond to declines in R:FR associated with FR reflection from neighbours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1994.tb00177.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glasshouse and field evaluation of cowpea lines for partial resistance to Phytophthora vignae (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 43 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The reaction of cowpea lines to naturally occurring Phytophthora vignae in the field was studied in three trials over the period 1987–89 with the aim of identifying and characterizing lines with partial resistance. Seven lines (CPI 84853, CPI 84851, CPI 65393, CPI 77359, CPI 78209. CPI 78213 and cultivar Blackeye 5) were found to be partially resistant. Partial resistance was assessed by calculating disease incidence, disease severity, time lag before onset of disease, relative area under the disease progress curve and apparent mortality and infection rates. Significant differences in some of the characters further divided the partially resistant lines into different groups. It was concluded that the characters found to be most useful in the differentiation of relative levels of partial resistance were final percentage infection, and final percentage of plants with non-killing lesions. There were also significant correlations between these variables within and between years, although the relative rankings of some of the lines changed between years. Overall, CPI 84853 and CPI 65393 showed higher levels of partial resistance in the field than the remaining lines. In general, the partially resistant lines gave variable reactions following hypocotyl inoculation with P. vignae. There were clear indications of host-isolate interactions, suggesting that partial resistance may be no more durable than complete resistance for this particular host-pathogen interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1994.tb00548.x
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