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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (6)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1992  (3)
  • 1986  (3)
  • 1946
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liver autophagy in the influenza B virus model of Reye's syndrome in mice (1986)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 31 (1986), S. 271-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Reye's syndrome ; liver autophagy ; influenza B virus ; ornithine carbamoyl transferase ; glucose-6-phosphatase ; tritosomes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Biochemical evidence is presented for the autophagic destruction of liver mitochondria in the influenza B virus model of Reye's syndrome in mice. Separation of lysosomes and autophagic vacuoles from mitochondria was accomplished by prior treatment of the mice with Triton WR-1339, resulting in uptake of detergent by these organelles (tritosomes), reducing their densities. The organelles were banded in a discontinuous sucrose gradient. Total protein in the heavy tritosomal fraction increased from 1-2% in controls to 7-8% in virus-treated animals. Ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OCTase), a mitochondrial marker, increased from 2-3% (controls) to 11-15% (virus-treated), and glucose-6-phosphatase, a marker for endoplasmic reticulum, increased from 1-2% (controls) to 8-10% (virus-treated). β-Galactosidase, a soluble enzyme in the lysosome, and OCTase also increase in the cell extract fraction following virus treatment, indicating that there was turnover of heavy lysosomal contents.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240310404
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The amdS gene of Aspergillus nidulans: Control by multiple regulatory signals (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 5 (1986), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The amdS gene of A. nidulans has proved extremely favourable for the isolation of mutations affecting gene regulation. Trans-acting regulatory genes involved in amdS induction by small molecular weight effectors have been identified - amdR (ω-amino acids) facB (acetate) and amdA (acetate). Another gene, the areA gene, has properties expected of a major activator gene involved in nitrogen metabolite repression of amdS. All of these regulatory genes are also involved in the control of various other functions encoded by structural genes unlinked to amdS. Mutations in the 5′-region adjacent to amdS have been isolated and allow the identification of independent cis-acting sequences which are the target sites for the regulatory genes. The involvement of these sequences in regulatory product binding has been deduced from titration studies using transformants containing multiple copies of the 5′ sequences. A combination of genetics and molecular analysis is allowing a detailed characterization of this system.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950050308
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of prostaglandin H synthase activity in dog urothelial cells (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 150 (1992), S. 214-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: TPA regulation of prostaglandin H synthase activity in primary and subcultured dog urothelial cells was investigated. Previous studies have demonstrated an early (0-2 hr) increase in PGE2 synthesis mediated by TPA which is dependent upon release of endogenous arachidonic acid by a phospholipase-mediated pathway. In this study, prostaglandin H synthase activity was assessed directly with microsomes and indirectly after addition of exogenous arachidonic acid at a maximum effective concentration (100 μM) to media. PGE2 synthesis, measured by radioimmunoassay, served as an index of prostaglandin H synthase activity. After a 24-hr incubation with 0.1 μM TPA or 1.0 μM A23187, arachidonic acid elicited significantly more PGE2, synthesis in agonist-treated cells than it did in control cells in primary culture. Microsomes from 24-hr TPA-treated cells exhibited significantly more prostaglandin H synthase activity than did those from control cells. In addition, the PGE2 content of overnight media was approximately 10-fold greater in TPA-treated cells than in control cells. The late (24 hr) response was more sensitive to lower concentrations of TPA than was the earlier (0-2 hr) response. TPA at 0.1 μM was a maximum effective dose for both responses. The 24-hr response was blocked by cycloheximide and staurosporine, inhibitors of protein synthesis and protein kinase C, respectively. Pretreatment of cells with aspirin, an irreversible inhibitor of prostaglandin H synthase, prior to addition of TPA did not prevent the late TPA-mediated increase in PGE2 synthesis. Subcultured cells exhibited both an early and a late TPA response. Only the early response was inhibited by aspirin pretreatment. Results suggest that the late response with TPA is caused by de novo synthesis of prostaglandin H synthase. Thus, primary and subcultured dog urothelial cells possess two distinct mechanisms for regulating signal transduction by arachidonic acid metabolism. This study provides a basis for assessing these mechanisms of signal transduction in urothelial cell lines and transformed cells.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041500128
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of iron by human retinal pigment epithelial cells (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 152 (1992), S. 102-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Retinal pigment epithelial cells, which form one aspect of the blood-retinal barrier, take up iron in association with transferrin by a typical receptor-mediated mechanism (Hunt et al., 1989. J. Cell Sci. 92:655-666). This iron is dissociated from transferrin in a low pH environment and uptake is sensitive to agents that inhibit endosomal acidification. The dissociated iron enters the cytoplasm as a low molecular weight (〈 10 kD) component and subsequently binds to ferritin. No evidence for recycling of iron in association with transferrin was found. Nevertheless, much of the iron that is taken up is recycled to the extracellular medium, primarily from the low molecular weight pool. This release of iron is not sensitive to inhibitors of energy production or of vesicular acidification but is increased up to a maximum of about 40% of the total 55Fe incorporated when cells are incubated with serum or the medium is changed. When a short loading time for 55Fe from 55Fe-transferrin is used (i.e., when the low molecular weight pool is proportionately larger), a much larger fraction of the cell-associated radiolabel is released than when longer loading times are used. The data suggest that a releasble intracellular iron pool is in equilibrium with the externalized material. The released iron may be separated into a high and a low molecular weight component. The former is similar on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to ferritin although it cannot be immune precipitated by anti-ferritin antibodies. The low molecular weight 55Fe which is heterogeneous in nature can be bound by external apo-transferrin and may represent a form that can be taken up by cells beyond the blood-retinal barrier. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041520114
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of continuous and pulsed 2450-MHz radiation on spontaneous lymphoblastoid transformation of human lymphocytes in vitro (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 13 (1992), S. 247-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: 2450-MHz microwaves ; pulsed and continuous waves ; thermal effects ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Normal human lymphocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors. One-ml samples containing (106) cells in chromosome medium 1A were exposed for 5 days to conventional heating or to continuous wave (CW) or pulsed wave (PW) 2450-MHz radiation at non-heating (37°C) and various heating levels (temperature increases of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2 °C). The pulsed exposures involved 1-μs pulses at pulse repetition frequencies from 100 to 1,000 pulses per second at the same average SAR levels as the CW exposures. Actual average SARs ranged to 12.3 W/kg. Following termination of the incubation period, spontaneous lymphoblastoid transformation was determined with an image analysis system. The results were compared among each of the experimental conditions and with sham-exposed cultures. At non-heating levels, CW exposure did not affect transformation. At heating levels both conventional and CW heating enhanced transformation to the same extent and correlate with the increases in incubation temperature. PW exposure enhanced transformation at non-heating levels. This finding is significant (P 〈 .002). At heating levels PW exposure enhanced transformation to a greater extent than did conventionalor CW heating. This finding is significant at the .02 level. We conclude that PW 2450-MHz radiation acts differently on the process of lymphoblastoid transformation in vitro compared with CW 2450-MHz radiation at the same average SARs. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250130402
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toward an understanding of liposome structure through the use of computer graphic image correlation (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 3 (1986), S. 385-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Freeze fractures ; Vesicles ; Liquid crystal ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: A computer-aided graphics approach to correlating transmission electron microscope images of freeze-fractured and thin-sectioned samples is outlined. Any three-dimensional model of the imaged structure can be mathematically sectioned to provide a two-dimensional representation of the model in the “fracture” plane. The method is used to demonstrate that the structure of lamellar liquid crystalline liposomes is based on a family of Dupin cyclides; closed, parallel surfaces with a conjugate ellipse and hyperbola as curvature defects.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060030403
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