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  • Other Sources  (4)
  • AEROSPACE MEDICINE  (4)
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994
  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1989  (2)
  • 1986  (2)
  • 1946
  • 1
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    Space motion sickness (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Space motion sickness clinical characteristics, time course, prediction of susceptibility, and effectiveness of countermeasures were evaluated. Although there is wide individual variability, there appear to be typical patterns of symptom development. The duration of symptoms ranges from several hours to four days with the majority of individuals being symptom free by the end of third day. The etiology of this malady remains uncertain but evidence points to reinterpretation of otolith inputs as being a key factor in the response of the neurovestibular system. Prediction of susceptibility and severity remains unsatisfactory. Countermeasures tried include medications, preflight adaptation, and autogenic feedback training. No countermeasure is entirely successful in eliminating or alleviating symptoms.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: ESA Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Space Physiology; p 137-142
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    A model for plasma volume changes during short duration spaceflight (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: It is well established that plasma volume decreases during spaceflight and simulated weightlessness (bedrest). The decrement in plasma volume is thought to contribute to the orthostatic intolerance that has been observed in some crew members following spaceflight. To date, no studies have evaluated the effectiveness of fluid countermeasures of varying osmolality in the restoration of plasma volume and orthostatic tolerance in a controlled study. The overall objectives of this project were to: (1) provide a model that would rapidly and safely produce a fluid loss comparable to that which occurs during short duration spaceflight; and (2) design a study that would determine the optimal drink solution to restore orthostatic tolerance and describe the mechanism(s) whereby orthostatic tolerance is restored. In summary, Lasix can be used as a way of simulating the plasma volume changes that occur during short duration spaceflight. The total loss of plasma is comparable to spaceflight. Lasix is fast acting, and has relatively few side effects. The present design for evaluating the optimal fluid countermeasures will have important implications in restoring orthostatic tolerance and function in the latter stages of spaceflight when it is essential for safe operation of the spacecraft.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: NASA, Lyndon B.; NASA, Lyndon B. John
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Effect of fluid countermeasures of varying osmolarity on cardiovascular responses to orthostatic stress (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Current operational procedures for shuttle crewmembers include the ingestion of a fluid countermeasure approximately 2 hours before reentry into the earth's gravitational field. The ingestion of the fluid countermeasure is thought to restore plasma volume and improve orthostatic responses upon reentry. The present countermeasure consists of ingesting salt tablets and water to achieve an isotonic solution. It has yet to be determined whether this is the optimal drink to restore orthostatic tolerance. It is also not known whether the drink solution is effective in increasing plasma volume. The purpose here is to evaluate the effectiveness of drink solutions of different osmolarity on restoring plasma volume and orthostatic responses. A hypertonic drink solution was more effective in restoring plasma volume after dehydration than an isotonic solution. However, there were no differences in their effects on an orthostatic challenge. These data suggest that the plasma volume differences produced in this study were not sufficient to produce differences in the cardiovascular responses to an orthostatic challenge, or there are other changes that occur during space flight that are more important in determining orthostatic intolerance.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Texas A&M Univ., NASA(ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program, 1989, Volume 1; 14 p
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Bedrest in healthy women: Effects of menstrual function and oral contraceptives (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: With the development of the space shuttle program, space flight for the first time is available to individuals who have not been specially selected and trained to be astronauts. In addition, women are being actively recruited into the space program, both as mission specialists and as career astronauts. One purpose of this project was to examine some of the physiological responses of women to a simulated weightlessness program (12 day horizontal bedrest), to compare their responses to those reported in men during similar programs, and to test whether menstrual function might alter some of the physiological changes which occur during bedrest, specifically changes in the plasma volume, exercise tolerance, and venous compliance before and after bedrest.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: NASA-CR-171946 , NAS 1.26:171946
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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