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  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (14)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (14)
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  • 1992  (14)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The present consideration of procedures for the definition of boundary conditions for the Navier-Stokes equations emphasizes the derivation of boundary conditions that are compatible with nondissipative algorithms applicable to direct simulations of turbulent flows. A novel formulation for the Euler equations is derived on the basis of characteristic wave relations through boundaries; this formulation is generalized to the Navier-Stokes equations. The method, which applies to both sub- and supersonic flows, is used in reflecting and nonreflecting boundary-condition treatments. Attention is given to practical implementations involving inlet and outlet boundaries and slip and nonslip walls, as well as the test cases of a ducted shear layer, vortices propagating through boundaries, and Poiseuille flow.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Computational Physics (ISSN 0021-9991); 101; 1, Ju; 104-129
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Numerical calculation of a three dimensional turbulent flow of a jet in a crossflow using a multiple time scale turbulence model is presented. The turbulence in the forward region of the jet is in a stronger inequilibrium state than that in the wake region of the jet, while the turbulence level in the wake region is higher than that in the front region. The calculated flow and the concentration fields are in very good agreement with the measured data, and it indicated that the turbulent transport of mass, concentration, and momentum is strongly governed by the inequilibrium turbulence. The capability of the multiple time scale turbulence model to resolve the inequilibrium turbulence field is also discussed.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (ISSN 0017-9310); 35; 10; p. 2357-2365.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: Two turbulence models are compared under various flow conditions. Presented first is a k-omega model which is best suited for wall bounded flows. Presented second is a k-epsilon model which is best suited for free shear flow. Generalizations of the k-omega model are discussed, and various aerodynamic parameters such as skin friction, velocity distribution, and hypersonic cylinder-flare, are compared for the different models. All results are presented in viewgraph format.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA. Lewis Research Center, Workshop on Engineering Turbulence Modeling; p 79-86
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The interaction between turbulent premixed flames and walls is studied using a two-dimensional full Navier-Stokes solver with simple chemistry. The effects of wall distance on the local and global flame structure are investigated. Quenching distances and maximum wall heat fluxes during quenching are computed in laminar cases and are found to be comparable to experimental and analytical results. For turbulent cases, it is shown that quenching distances and maximum heat fluxes remain of the same order as for laminar flames. Based on simulation results, a 'law-of-the-wall' model is derived to describe the interaction between a turbulent premixed flame and a wall. This model is constructed to provide reasonable behavior of flame surface density near a wall under the assumption that flame-wall interaction takes place at scales smaller than the computational mesh. It can be implemented in conjunction with any of several recent flamelet models based on a modeled surface density equation, with no additional constraints on mesh size or time step.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Stanford Univ., Studying Turbulence Using Numerical Simulation Databases. 4: Proceedings of the 1992 Summer Program; p 307-323
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: A brief review of the work accomplished by the numerical subgroup of AGARD Working Group 13 on the aerodynamics of high speed air intakes is presented. This work comprised the selection of test cases for which experimental data were available. The test cases were chosen to range in complexity from normal-shock/boundary-layer interaction to full forebody-inlet combinations. Computations for these test cases were solicited from a large number of organizations and individual researchers within the NATO countries. The computation methods reached from Euler solvers (with and without boundary layer corrections) to full Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes codes. The group compared these results with the test data available for each test case. A short overview of the CFD methods employed, a description of the test cases selected, and some of the comparisons between CFD solutions and test data are presented. The conclusions and recommendations drawn from this assessment are given.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AGARD, Aerodynamic Engine(Airframe Integration for High Performance Aircraft and Missiles; 24 p
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  • 6
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The steady motion and thermal behavior of an evaporating superheated liquid in a small cavity bounded by isothermal sidewalls is examined. Scaling analyses and a two-dimensional finite element model are used to investigate the influence of thermocapillarity, buoyancy, and temperature-dependent mass flux on flowfield, interfacial heat transfer, and meniscus morphology. Numerical investigations indicate the existence of two counter-rotating cells symmetric about the cavity center. Results also show that evaporation tends to counteract this circulation by directing flow toward the hotter sidewalls. Although thermocapillarity and evaporation yield different flowfield distributions, both effects tend to increase interfacial temperature and heat transfer.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-2863
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This paper presents a numerical approach to calculating turbulent flows employing advanced turbulence models. The main features include a line-by-line Gauss-Seidel algorithm using Roe's approximate Riemann solver, TVD numerical schemes, implicit boundary conditions and a decoupled turbulence-model solver. Based on the problems tested so far, the method has consistently demonstrated its ability in offering accuracy, boundedness and a fast rate of convergence to steady-state solution.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-0547
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A critical assessment is made of the closure coefficients used for turbulence length scale in existing models of the transport equation, with reference to the extension of these models to compressible flow. It is shown that to satisfy the compressible 'law of the wall', the model coefficients must actually be functions of density gradients. The magnitude of the errors that result from neglecting this dependence on density varies with the variable used to specify the length scale. Among the models investigated, the k-omega model yields the best performance, although it is not completely free from errors associated with density terms. Models designed to reduce the density-gradient effect to an insignificant level are proposed.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-103882 , A-91212 , NAS 1.15:103882
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A detailed computer-visualized flow field of a row of jets in a confined crossflow is presented. The Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved using a finite volume method that incorporates a partial differential equation for incremental pressure to obtain a divergence-free flow field. The turbulence is described by a multiple-time-scale turbulence model. The computational domain includes the upstream region of the circular jet so that the interaction between the jet and the crossflow is simulated accurately. It is shown that the row of jets in the crossflow is characterized by a highly complex flow field that includes a horse-shoe vortex and two helical vortices whose secondary velocity components are co-rotating in space. It is also shown that the horse-shoe vortex is a ring of reversed flows located along the circumference of the jet exit.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-0534
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Calculations of unsteady flows using a simplified marker and cell (SMAC), a pressure implicit splitting of operators (PISO), and an iterative time advancing scheme (ITA) are presented. A partial differential equation for incremental pressure is used in each time advancing scheme. Example flows considered are a polar cavity flow starting from rest and self-sustained oscillating flows over a circular and a square cylinder. For a large time step size, the SMAC and ITA are more strongly convergent and yield more accurate results than PISO. The SMAC is the most efficient computationally. For a small time step size, the three time advancing schemes yield equally accurate Strouhal numbers. The capability of each time advancing scheme to accurately resolve unsteady flows is attributed to the use of new pressure correction algorithm that can strongly enforce the conservation of mass. The numerical results show that the low frequency of the vortex shedding is caused by the growth time of each vortex shed into the wake region.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Computers & Fluids (ISSN 0045-7930); 21; 3 Ju; 435-454
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