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  • Articles  (17)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (17)
  • AERODYNAMICS
  • Mathematics and Statistics
  • Polymer and Materials Science
  • 1990-1994  (13)
  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1915-1919
  • 1890-1899
  • 1994  (13)
  • 1984  (4)
  • 1941
  • 1916
  • Natural Sciences in General  (17)
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  • Articles  (17)
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  • 1990-1994  (13)
  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1915-1919
  • 1890-1899
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between brain mitochondria and cytoskeleton: Evidence for specialized outer membrane domains involved in the association of cytoskeleton-associated proteins to mitochondria in situ and in vitro (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 27 (1994), S. 233-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Brain mitochondria ; Microtubules ; Neurofilaments ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The surface distribution of several proteins (porin, hexokinase, and two proteins associated with microtubules or actin filaments) on the outer membrane of brain mitochondria was analyzed by immunogold labelling of purified mitochondria in vitro. The results suggest the existence of specialized domains for the distribution of porin in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Similarities between the distribution of porin and the distribution of microtubule-associated proteins bound in vitro to mitochondria suggested that mitochondria and microtubules interact by binding microtubule-associated proteins to porin-containing domains of the outer membrane. This hypothesis was supported by biochemical studies on outer mitochondrial proteins involved in in vitro binding of cytoskeleton elements. In vitro interactions between mitochondria and microtubules or neurofilaments were analyzed by electron microscopy. These studies revealed cross-bridging between the outer membrane of mitochondria and the two cytoskeleton elements. Cross-bridging was influenced by ATP hydrolysis and by several proteins associated with the surface of mitochondria or with microtubules. In addition, unidentified proteins which were recognized by antibodies to all intermediate filaments subunits were associated either with the mitochondrial surface or with microtubules. This data suggest the participation of additional cytoplasmic proteins in the interactions between cytoskeleton elements and mitochondria. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070270305
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional structure of lung elastin demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy/stereo-pair images (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 29 (1994), S. 254-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: TEM ; Formic acid ; Alkali ; Freeze-drying ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The aim of this study was to expose the inflated 3-D structure of lung elastin. Formic acid digestion followed by freeze-drying unveiled the lamellar framework. The 3-D structure of elastin was well preserved within the alveolar septa and ducts, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy/stereo-pair photography. Elastin fibers are seen in the alveolar septa, which are continuous with the lamellae. The removal of collagen fibers and cells by formic acid was visualised as a function of time: The optimum was 48 hours. Transverse sections still retained some collagen fibrils and partially digested cells in addition to elastin as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Forme acid digestion followed by critical point drying caused damage to the lamellar structures and they appeared to collapse. Sodium hydroxide digestion combined with freeze-drying did not preserve the 3-D lamellar structure of elastin, but converted it into flat ribbonlike bands. The main structures remaining following alkali treatment were identified by TEM as collagen fibrils well preserved in their original locations. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070290312
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of biological tissue sections for correlative ion, electron, and light microscopy (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 1 (1984), S. 299-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; Ion microscopy ; Correlative microscopy ; Electron probe microanalysis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: In order to correctly interpret the chemical images obtained using ion microscopy (IM), it is useful to correlate them with the information provided by conventional light microscopy (LM), secondary electron imaging (SEI), backscattered electron imaging (BEI), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Accordingly, we have devised a technique of specimen preparation which allows for the application of several different microanalytical techniques to a single histologic section mounted on the same substrate. Sections are cut onto polyester plastic coverslips (devoid of peaks for any element with atomic number 〉 9 using EPMA) and studied by LM. After a light rotary coating with carbon (to prevent charging), the section can then be examined by SEI, BEI, and EPMA. Specific areas can be marked for IM study either with an objective-mounted pin tissue microlocater, or by placing small pieces of metal foil, cut in specific geometric shapes, over features of interest. After sputter-coating the sample with platinum, metal-free shadows are visible using a low-power reflected light microscope available on a typical IM sample chamber as a guide for ion beam placement. The conductive coatings also minimize specimen charging during IM. Post-IM light microscopy, SEI, and BEI are used to confirm the location of specific areas probed in the IM experiments and to provide information on differential ion-sputtering artifacts and tissue contaminants. This new correlative technique should permit better understanding of the images obtained with these diverse instruments.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060010309
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synaptic morphology of substance P terminals on catecholamine neurons in the commissural subnucleus of the nucleus tractus solitarii in the rat (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 29 (1994), S. 177-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Sinus afferent pathway ; SP interneurons ; Double immunocytochemistry ; Ultrastructure ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The ultrastructure of substance P-containing nerve terminals synapsing on catecholamine neurons in the rat commissural subnucleus of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTScom) was studied using a double immunocytochemical labeling technique. Although there were numerous tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-I) somata present, substance P immunoreactive (SP-I) cell bodies were only occasionally found in the NTScom. At the light microscopic level, many SP-I terminals were seen closely associated with TH-I dendrites and somata. At the electron microscopic level, SP-I terminals synapsing on TH-I structures were also readily encountered. SP-I terminals contained small, clear, and predominantly spherical vesicles (32 ± 4 nm diameter), as well as large dense-cored vesicles approximately 100 nm in diameter. Postsynaptic TH-I dendritic profiles of various calibers and somata were encountered. These postsynaptic TH-I structures often showed postsynaptic densities. The morphological features of the SP-TH synapses in the present study, that is, the size of synaptic vesicles and the presence of postsynaptic densities, are quite different from those of central carotid sinus afferent synapses reported in our previous study [Chen et al. (1992), J. Neurocytol., 21:137-147]. Therefore, most of the SP terminals of the SP-TH synapses in the NTScom appear not to originate from the carotid sinus afferents. SP-I second-order neurons of the carotid sinus afferent pathway [Chen et al. (1991), J. Auton. Nerv. Syst., 33:97-98] may be one of the possible sources of such terminals. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070290216
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological observations of small granule-containing (Chromaffin) cells in the celiac ganglion of the guinea pig, with emphasis on cell contacts (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 29 (1994), S. 169-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Celiac ganglion ; Chromaffin cells ; Autonomic nervous system ; Ultrastructure ; Guinea pig ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Utilizing electron microscopic observation, several contacts between small, granule-containing cells (SGC) and postganglionic neurons (PGN) in the celiac ganglion of the guinea pig have been observed. A SGC in very close association with a PGN was seen to receive a distinct synaptic contact that contained many vesicles with dense cores. This contact was morphologically unlike cholinergic synapses previously reported on chromaffin cells. Because the SGC and PGN were clearly separated by a thin rim of satellite cell cytoplasm mutual to both cells, it is not known how or if the SGC would possibly exert a synaptic or paracrine effect on the PGN. Also, intraganglion SGC existed as large well-vascularized islands within the celiac ganglion. These intraganlion clusters sometimes contained more than 50 cells and perhaps could be considered to function as localized neuroendocrine components within the ganglion by secreting granule products into the nearby blood vessels for local or distant effects, although this certainly is not known. This work reports a unique synaptic ending upon a single-occurring SGC, which, in turn, closely approximates a ganglion neuron in a soma-somatic relationship. In addition, a very close association (but no actual contact) was observed between granule-containing processes, presumably emanating from the intraganglion clusters, and PGN. Whatever the function of ganglionic SGC may be, the exact relationship between SGC and PGN presumably would be of great interest and potential importance. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070290215
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasticity of postganglionic sympathetic neurons in the rat superior cervical ganglion after axotomy (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 29 (1994), S. 120-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Galanin ; Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ; Tyrosine hydroxylase ; Nerve regeneration ; Immunohistochemistry ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The neuropeptides galanin (GAL) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) are upregulated in spinal and vagal sensory as well as in cranial motor neurons after axonal transection. In this study an increase of both peptides is demonstrated in axotomized principal ganglionic neurons (PGN) of the rat sympathetic superior cervical ganglion by use of double-labeling immunofluorescence. Compared to control ganglia that do not contain more than 1% GAL- or VIP-positive cells, about 26% of all PGN exhibit GAL immunoreactivity by day 1 after transection of the major postganglionic branches. The proportion of immunoreactive neurons reaches its maximum after 30 days (40%) and decreases to about 27% within the second month after axotomy. The percentage of VIP-positive neurons is much lower than for GAL: 2% of the PGN exhibit VIP immunoreactivity at day 1 and about 7% are observed 30 and 60 days after axotomy. In order to further characterize newly GAL- and VIP-positive PGN, their cell diameters were determined 12 days after axotomy. Compared to the mean overall neuron diameter of 24.8 μm, GAL-immunoreactive neurons are predominantly of small and intermediate size (22.2 μm), whereas VIP occurs mainly in larger neurons (26.1 μm). Besides cell bodies, many intraganglionic nerve fibers stain positive for GAL or VIP, particularly at day 6. Most likely, these fibers represent axons, as indicated by the absence of MAP2, a cytoskeletal protein found in neuronal somata and dendrites. They establish direct membrane contacts with postganglionic perikarya, as revealed by pre-embedding immuno-electron microscopy. Some cell bodies and fibers contain both peptides. Colocalization of GAL or VIP with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme of catecholamine synthesis, reveals a reduced immunoreactivity for TH in intensely GAL- or VIP-positive cells, and vice versa at day 6. However, no difference in staining intensity for VIP or GAL, and TH, is observed after 30 and 60 days. Possible implications of GAL and VIP for peripheral nerve regeneration and their regulation by target-derived factors are discussed. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070290209
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and functional changes in salivary glands during aging (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 28 (1994), S. 243-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Senescence ; Lipofuscin ; Secretion and content of saliva ; Protein synthesis ; Amylase mRNA ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Various salivary glands in senescent humans and other animals have been examined extensively to characterize the structural and functional changes that occur during aging. Although a wide range of different structural changes, involving both the parenchymal and stromal tissues, have been described, it is unclear how any of these changes affects the function of the salivary glands. One major change in structure is the reduction in the volume of acini with a concomitant increase in the ductal volume. Despite this loss of functional acini, the salivary output and the contents seem to be unaltered, or minimally altered, due to aging. One consistent change observed in many salivary glands of aged animals is the decline in the rate of synthesis of proteins and their messenger RNA (mRNA). However, the salivary acinar cells from aged animals can synthesize secretory proteins at an elevated rate just as effectively as those from their younger counterparts in response to external stimuli, which are known to enhance the rate of protein synthesis. Thus, it appears that the salivary acinar cells, which remain structurally intact during aging, seem to retain their functional efficiency. Furthermore, these acinar cells, although reduced in number, are sufficient in quantity to carry out most of the salivary gland functions. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070280308
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proceedings of the thirteenth annual meeting of the alabama electron microscopy society, held in Huntsville, Alabama, February 17 and 18, 1994 (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 28 (1994), S. 452-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070280513
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasticity of cell organization during differentiation of normal and oncogene transformed granulosa cells (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 27 (1994), S. 108-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Cytoskeleton ; Steroidogenesis ; Mitochondrial development ; Gap junctions ; Haras Oncogene ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Granulosa cells, which nurse the oocyte and serve as a major source for estradiol and progesterone production, undergo major morphological changes which correlate very well with modulation of their steroidogenic capacity. These include changes in intercellular contacts and communication, in cell membrane receptors, and in the development and organization of organelles associated with steroidogenesis (i.e., mitochondria, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets, and lysosomes). These biochemical and morphological changes can also be obtained in primary cultures as well as in oncogene transformed granulosa cell lines established recently in our laboratory. A growing body of evidence suggests that plasticity of the cytoskeleton plays a major role in the biochemical and morphological differentiation of granulosa cells as well as in other steroidogenic cells. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070270205
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution platinum-carbon replication of freeze-dried basement membrane (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 28 (1994), S. 13-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Collagen IV ; Laminin ; Human amnion ; Mouse EHS tumor ; Bovine lens capsule ; stroma ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: High angle platinum/carbon (Pt/C) replication has proved to be a valuable tool in analyzing basement membrane structure in human amnion, bovine lens capsule, and the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) tumor. High resolution replicas for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been achieved by depositing 1.0 ± 0.1 nm thick Pt/C films backed with rotary deposited 12.5 ± 2.5 nm thick carbon films. The basement membrane collagen IV network was observed to consist of fine branching filaments containing globular domains intrinsic to the filaments. A second quasi-regular network is formed by laminin. Unidirectional 45° angle Pt/C replication was used for most of this work. The merits and deficiencies of unidirectional vertical replication (80° angle), unidirectional 45° angle, and 20° low angle rotary replication are discussed. Vertical replication produces the highest resolution replicas and has the potential for revealing the overall pattern of basement membrane structural assembly if basement membrane preparations freeze-dried in low salt can faithfully maintain their in vivo structure. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070280104
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