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  • German  (6)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Global change has triggered a number of environmental changes, such as alterations in climate, geo-resources soil and water, atmospheric chemistry, and land productivity. Many areas of the system Earth-Man are affected, thereby directly impacting the lives of present and future generations. Like many countries, Germany too is also faced with the threat of increased droughts and heat waves, soil degradation, winter storms, water shortages at one extreme and flood events at the other, as well as a decline in biodiversity. These changes can range across broad temporal and spatial scales and present strong regional differences. The TERENO observatory “Northeastern German Lowland” spans an area which is considered as one of the regions in Germany most severely affected by climate change. The impact of increased dry periods is already being felt ,drying out the regions’ numerous lakes and mires. The observatory covers the catchment area of the Uecker river, the Müritz National Park, the biosphere reserve Schorfheide-Chorin and the DEMMIN calibration and validation test site operated by the German Aerospace Center (DLR). The GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam is coordinating work at the observatory and is cooperating closely with universities and other research organisations. Of particular significance is the emphasis being placed on geoarchives and landscape development. The aim is to acquire and combine high quality data on climate and landscape developments in the past and present to develop forecasts for the future.
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Water is stored at very different places on Earth as vapor, liquid or in solid state. It is constantly exchanged between the storage compartments in atmosphere, ocean and on the continents. With time-variable gravity fields of the satellite mission GRACE, GFZ provides unique data sets for continental hydrology and climate research to describe water storage variations at large spatial scales. This allows to quantify the related water fluxes and to make a substantial contribution towards a better understanding of the global climate system and its water cycle including freshwater resources from regional to global scales. In addition, research at GFZ improves prognostic capabilities of hydrological models by integrating GRACE data and adds complementary small-scale data from ground-based gravimetry to study water storage dynamics. Decadal variations and long-term trends, either due to climate variability or anthropogenic impact, can only be adequately resolved, however, by extended gravity time series in the course of a GRACE Follow-On mission.
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Glaciers play an important role in the water cycle of many regions of the world, especially in dry regions such as Central Asia. Glaciers can store water over decades and transfer winter precipitation into the summer months by releasing the accumulated snow and ice as melt water. The question about the state of the glaciers within a region is therefore intrinsically linked to questions about water availability and food security. We assess the current state of all glaciers of the Tien Shan (the main mountain range in Central Asia, feeding its waters to Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and China) by three different groups of methods. We considered measurements of the Earth’s gravity field, laser altimetry, and direct glaciological measurements, and assessed uncertainties in an ensemble-like approach. The results of all three methods agree well, increasing the confidence in the final estimate. The results indicate that during the period 2003-2009, the glaciers of the Tien Shan were losing mass at a rate of 7.1 ±5.6 gigatons per year. Cumulated over the period, this corresponds to the water volume stored in Lake Constance (Bodensee).
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The main focus of the TERENO Northeastern German Lowland Observatory (TERENO-Northeast) is the regional impact of Global Change. Since 2011, the observatory has recorded changes in the geo-, hydro-, bio- and atmosphere at six main study sites. The year 2018, particularly in northeast Germany, was record-breaking in regard to dryness and heat. The mean temperature in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern was 2 °C above the long-term average and precipitation was very low at 440 mm (normally around 600 mm). The extreme summer of 2018 was a special opportunity for TERENO-Northeast to measure the regional effects of climate change. One of the consequences was the large number of forest fires, with one major fire destroying around 400 hectares. Other extreme reactions of the ecosystems were shown in TERENO-Northeast. For example, for the first time since its rewetting, Polder Zarnekov fell dry, with unpredictable consequences for the greenhouse gas exchanges. The forest ecosystems of Müritz National Park, on the other hand, survived the extreme summer surprisingly well, partly because the months before the drought were relatively damp. The research activities of TERENO-Northeast form an important basis to develop realistic options for improved adaptation strategies to the ongoing global change with its particular region-specific effects and challenges.
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    In:  System Erde
    Publication Date: 2023-08-15
    Description: Wie verändert sich der globale Wasserkreislauf? Welche Schwankungen und langfristigen Trends charakterisieren die Süßwasserressourcen in den verschiedenen Regionen der Erde? Was tragen Umweltveränderungen und die Wassernutzung durch Menschen dazu bei? Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen stellen satellitenbasierte Beobachtungen der Variationen des Erdschwerefelds einzigartige Informationen über die Wasserspeicherung auf den Kontinenten bereit.
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-08-15
    Description: Der Kronendurchlass, d. h. der Anteil des Niederschlags, der durch das Kronendach des Waldes dringt, wird stark von der Art des Niederschlags und den Eigenschaften des Waldbestands beeinflusst. Das komplexe Zusammenspiel dieser Faktoren inklusive ihrer jahreszeitlichen Veränderungen zu entschlüsseln, ist eine große wissenschaftliche Herausforderung und nur mit langjährigem Monitoring in verschiedenen Waldbeständen möglich. Das Langzeit-Umweltobservatorium TERENO Nord-Ost zur Erforschung der regionalen Auswirkungen des Globalen Wandels liefert hierfür ideale Voraussetzungen.
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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