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  • Other Sources  (19)
  • Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)  (10)
  • Universitätsverlag Göttingen  (9)
  • Cambridge [u.a.] : O'Reilly
  • Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
  • German  (18)
  • Portuguese  (1)
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  • 1
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    Dyke emplacement in Tenerife (Canary Islands): Field studies and numerical models (2010)
    Universitätsverlag Göttingen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dykes are magma-driven extension fractures and the main conduits for magma in volcanic eruptions. To understand the mechanics of dyke emplacement is thus essential to assess volcanic hazards. To improve the understanding of the processes of dyke initiation from shallow magma chambers and dyke propagation through a mechanicallylayered crust, field measurements and observations from Tenerife (Canary Islands) are used and compared with the results from numerical models. Careful studies of 550 dykes in three profiles in the Anaga massif (Tenerife) include measurements of dyke geometry and orientation. The results of these measurements show that dykes have been injected from a deep-seated reservoir during the shield-building phase. Furthermore, the dyke attitudes agree with the main axial trends of Tenerife that are preserved in the old massifs of Teno, Anaga, and Roque del Conde...
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 150 ; VEZ 130 ; Strukturelle Erscheinungen {Strukturgeologie} ; Inselgruppen {Atlantischer Ozean: Geologie} ; Teneriffa ; Gang 〈Geologie〉
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 2
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    How stress transfer between volcanic and seismic zones affects volcanic and earthquake (2010)
    Universitätsverlag Göttingen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Oceanic transform faults and ridge segments form a network where mechanical interaction is to be expected. In particular, dike emplacement in ridge segments is likely to affect earthquake activity in the adjacent transform faults through processes such as stress transfer. Similarly, strike-slip displacement across transform faults may trigger dike injections and, eventually, eruptions in the adjacent ridge segments. For obvious reasons, direct observations of the possible mechanical interaction between submarine transform zones and ridge segments at mid-ocean ridges are difficult. The subaerial seismic zones of Iceland, however, are in clear spatial connections with the adjacent volcanic zones. These zones, therefore, provide excellent opportunities to study stress transfer between volcanic and seismic zones (Gudmundsson 2000)...
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 130 ; VAE 200 ; TOH 520 ; VAD 200 ; Geomechanik ; Geodynamik der Lithosphäre {Geologie} ; Mechanismen von Erdbeben und seismischen Störungen {Geophysik} ; Vulkanische Tätigkeit {Geologie} ; Island ; Horizontalverschiebung ; Vulkanismus ; Induzierte Seismizität
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 3
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    Fossil overpressures compartments? A case study from the Eifel area and some general aspects (2010)
    Universitätsverlag Göttingen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Fluid overpressures are well known from hydrocarbon exploration in many sedimentary basins. They can reach almost lithostatic values, and may cause the fracturing of rock. Fracturing allows the discharge of fluid overpressure, and fluid flows along a hydraulic gradient towards a low pressure reservoir. Different mechanisms may cause the precipitation from the fluid, such as a fluid pressure drop, a variation of temperature at the low pressure reservoir, or a different rock type inducing different Eh-pH conditions. Such precipitates in fractures are called veins, which often display paleo-fluid overpressures in rocks. In this study, we present some results from Devonian clastic sedimentary rocks of the Eifel area. Results are compared with other sedimentary basins to highlight some general aspects.
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 812 ; VAE 140 ; Variszisch-herzynische Orogene {Geologie} ; Gesteinsdeformation {Strukturgeologie} ; Rheinisches Schiefergebirge 〈West〉 ; Unterdevon ; Quarzgang ; Hydraulische Rissbildung
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 4
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    Microstructures of fibrous halite veins (2010)
    Universitätsverlag Göttingen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Halite veins hosted in clastic sedimentary rocks are frequently observed next to evaporite layers. Their microstructure can be enhanced by gamma irradiation and etching, which can be used to infer the deformation mechanism of halite (e.g. Howard & Kerr 1960, Schleder & Urai 2005). In this study, we present results from gammadecorated vein microstructures of fibrous halite veins hosted in claystone.
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 160 ; VKA 200 ; VAE 140 ; Salztektonik {Strukturgeologie} ; Gefügekunde der Gesteine ; Gesteinsdeformation {Strukturgeologie} ; Steinsalz ; Mikrogefüge ; Deformation 〈Geologie〉 ; Salztektonik
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 5
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    Strukturgeologische Geländestudie im Mittleren Buntsandstein zur Nutzung als geothermisches Reservoir (2010)
    Universitätsverlag Göttingen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Zur Nutzung von Erdwärme aus Teufen zwischen 2–5 km werden häufig Systeme aus einer Injektions- und Förderbohrung (‚Dubletten-System‘) genutzt. Dabei wird durch die Injektionsbohrung ein Fluid in den Untergrund verpresst, welches sich erhitzt und durch die Förderbohrung wieder an die Oberfläche gelangt. Ein wesentlicher Parameter für die produktive Nutzung von solchen Dubletten-Systemen ist eine hohe Permeabilität der Gesteine im Untergrund. Häufig werden in solchen geothermischen Reservoiren die Wegsamkeiten für Fluide von Brüchen kontrolliert, die bereits vorhanden sind oder künstlich erzeugt werden müssen (hydraulische Stimulation). Deshalb ist die Kenntnis über existierende Bruchgeometrien sowie Vernetzung der Bruchsysteme von fundamentaler Notwendigkeit zur Abschätzung der Permeabilität von geothermischen Reservoiren. Seismische Verfahren und Bohrkernanalysen besitzen im Allgemeinen dafür eine zu geringe Auflösung. Daher bieten sich dreidimensionale Rekonstruktionen des Bruchsystems aus analogen Obertageaufschlüssen an (vgl. Philipp et al. 2005; 2006)...
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VDH 110 ; VAE 150 ; TOO 000 ; VRG 000 ; Untere Trias ; Strukturelle Erscheinungen {Strukturgeologie} ; Geothermik {Geophysik} ; Geothermalfelder ; Karlshafen 〈Region〉 ; Reinhausen 〈Gleichen, Göttingen, Region〉 ; Mittlerer Buntsandstein ; Strukturgeologie ; Permeabiblität ; Geothermische Energie
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 6
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    Gypsum veins as hydrofractures in layered and faulted mudstones: implications for reservoir permeability (2010)
    Universitätsverlag Göttingen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Mineral veins form when water solutions passing through fluid-transporting fractures gradually seal the fractures as minerals precipitate. Many mineral veins are hydrofractures, that is, fractures generated at least partly by an internal fluid pressure. For most mineral veins, the fluid generating the hydrofracture is geothermal water. Other hydrofractures include fractures generated by magma (dykes, sills, inclined sheets), oil, gas and groundwater (many joints), as well as manmade hydraulic fractures in petroleum engineering. Hydrofractures are primarily extension fractures (Gudmundsson et al. 2002). The formation of hydrofractures is one of the two basic mechanisms for the generation and maintenance of permeability, particularly in fluid-filled heterogeneous reservoirs such as those commonly associated with petroleum, groundwater, volcanic and geothermal fields. The other, and better-known, mechanism for permeability development is the formation of shear fractures, that is, faults. The permeability development in fractured reservoirs, such as those for groundwater, geothermal water and petroleum, depends on fluid overpressure and transport in hydrofractures (Aguilera 1995). It has been proposed that a high fluid pressure in a reservoir can create high temporary permeability through hydrofracturing (Aguilera 1995; Gudmundsson et al. 2002). This hydrofracturing may result in mineral vein networks. Such palaeohydrofractures give information about past fluid flow and flow networks. Studying mineral veins is thus important for understanding fluid and mineral transport in rocks and reservoirs...
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VEC 218 ; VAE 150 ; VAE 400 ; VKB 380 ; South-West England {Geologie} ; Strukturelle Erscheinungen {Strukturgeologie} ; Tektogenese {Geologie} ; Sedimente bestimmter Regionen ; Somerset ; Trias ; Tonstein ; Silt ; Hydraulische Rissbildung ; Mineralgang ; Gips
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 7
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    Strukturgeologische Studien als Beitrag zum Erfolg tiefengeothermischer Projekte (2010)
    Universitätsverlag Göttingen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Bei der tiefen Geothermie werden zur Schaffung eines künstlichen geothermischen Reservoirs unterirdische Wärmetauscher erzeugt. Zur Wärme- und Stromerzeugung wird dann wiederholt Wasser in den Untergrund verpresst, welches erhitzt und wieder gefördert wird. Dafür werden im Allgemeinen Systeme aus Injektions- und Förderbohrungen (‚Dubletten‘) von 2–5km Tiefe verwendet, um die erforderlichen Temperaturen zu erreichen. Der kritische Parameter für die wirtschaftliche Nutzbarkeit geothermischer Reservoire (‚Erfolg‘) ist jedoch eine nötige hohe Permeabilität. In den meisten Reservoiren müssen zu niedrige natürliche Permeabilitäten — oder zu kleine Wärmeaustauschflächen — durch die Öffnung bzw. Scherung vorhandener Brüche oder die Erzeugung künstlicher hydraulischer Brüche erhöht werden (‚Reservoirstimulation‘). Um Stimulationen erfolgreich durchzuführen, müssen dabei das vorhandene Bruchsystem und das gegenwärtige Spannungsfeld möglichst genau bekannt sein. Dafür sind strukturgeologische Studien von besonderer Bedeutung (vgl. Philipp et al. 2005)...
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; TOO 000 ; TQF 000 ; VAE 120 ; Geothermik {Geophysik} ; Geothermische Verfahren {Geophysik} ; Methodik {Strukturgeologie} ; Geothermische Energie ; Strukturgeologie ; Buntsandstein ; Klüftung
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 8
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    Microstructural analysis of the RWTH-1 cores in thinsections (2010)
    Universitätsverlag Göttingen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The Aachen RWTH-1 well was drilled to 2544mTVD for geothermal purposes and gives substance to extensive geoscientific research. It is located in a hydrothermally and seismically active area of the Aachen Anticline, 500m NW of the Aachen Overthrust and 420m ENE of the Laurensberg Fault. The main focus of this PhD work is the structural and microtectonic analysis of the cores sampled. For 94% of the total well length the collected cuttings give information of the lithology and stratigraphy of the subsurface. A total of 145.5m was cored in three different intervals. A complete set of wireline measurements including high resolution borehole image allow mapping of fractures and folds, and linking the core to the logs. About 100 core samples were selected for detailed microstructural analysis.
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VBL 500 ; VAE 200 ; VKA 130 ; VKA 200 ; Geologische Bohrungen in einzelnen Regionen ; Geodynamik der Lithosphäre {Geologie} ; Optische Petrographie ; Gefügekunde der Gesteine ; Aachen 〈Region〉 ; Tiefbohrung ; Dünnschliff ; Gefüge 〈Gesteinskunde〉
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 9
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    Experimental study of the evolution of fault gouge in layered sand–clay sequences (2010)
    Universitätsverlag Göttingen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: This study focuses on clay smear processes during fault gouge evolution in sand-clay sequences at depths up to 2 km. A clay-rich fault gouge can dramatically lower the fault’s permeability, and prediction of this process is therefore relevant in groundwater modelling and hydrocarbon geology (Fulljames et al. 1997, Yielding et al 1997, van der Zee et al. 2003, 2005). We constructed an ‘underwater’ sandbox to deform layered sand-clay models of 20 × 40 × 20 cm above a 70°-dipping rigid basement fault. The experiments are run completely watersaturated to allow deformation of wet clay and cohesionless sand. The basement fault moves at 20 to 120mmh−1 to a maximum offset of 60 mm. We use quartz sand with grain size between 0.1 to 0.4mm and an illite-rich clay with a water content between 28 and 55 wt.%. Water content of the clay is used to control its shear strength and state of consolidation...
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 140 ; VAE 120 ; VAE 130 ; VBB 000 ; VKA 120 ; VKB 270 ; Gesteinsdeformation {Strukturgeologie} ; Methodik {Strukturgeologie} ; Geomechanik ; Experimentelle Geologie ; Experimentelle Petrologie ; Produkte mechanischer Deformation {Petrologie} ; Verwerfung ; Störungsletten ; Experiment
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 10
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    Klimaschutz durch Meeresnatur: Potentiale und Handlungsoptionen (2022)
    Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)
    In:  IASS Study
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-18
    Description: Marine Ökosysteme wie Mangrovenwälder, Seegraswiesen, Salzwiesen und Makroalgen sowie marine Sedimente verfügen über die Eigenschaft, Kohlenstoff in ihrer Biomasse und Sedimenten zu speichern. Durch die Rehabilitation, Wiederherstellung und den Schutz dieser Ökosysteme kann somit das Potential des Ozeans zur Aufnahme von atmosphärischem CO2 erhöht werden. Dieses Potential wurde in Vorbereitung der 15. UN-Klimakonferenz in Kopenhagen 2009 unter dem Konzept „Blue Carbon" eingeführt und wird seitdem weiter erforscht und in politischen Prozessen weiterentwickelt. Die langfristige Sequestrierung von atmosphärischem CO2 durch Blue-Carbon-Ökosysteme unterstützt Umsetzungsprozesse zur Erreichung der Ziele des Pariser Abkommens. Das über Blue-Carbon-Ökosysteme sequestrierte CO2 zählt als Teil der globalen Kohlenstoffsenke als „negative Emissionen". So erreichte negative Emissionen sollten jedoch nicht zur Umgehung von ohnehin notwendigen politischen und wirtschaftlichen Schritten in Richtung einer CO2-neutralen Zukunft führen. Die Wiederherstellung und Rehabilitation von Blue-Carbon-Ökosystemen zur Erhöhung der natürlichen Kohlenstoffsenke des Planeten sollte zusätzlich zu einer signifikanten globalen Emissionsreduktion eingesetzt werden. Diese Studie erörtert die wissenschaftlichen, ökonomischen und politischen Fortschritte im Bereich Blue Carbon und stellt mögliche politische Handlungspfade vor, die das Potential von Blue-Carbon-Ökosystemen zum Klimaschutz in, durch und mit Deutschland stärken. Für die verschiedenen Blue-Carbon-Ökosysteme wird aufgezeigt, inwiefern die Ausweitung und der Schutz dieser Ökosystemen weitere Ziele der Klimaanpassung und der nachhaltigen Entwicklung unterstützen. Aufbauend auf einer Auswertung praktischer Umsetzungsbeispiele von Blue-Carbon-Projekten und möglicher Finanzierungsmechanismen wird nachfolgend ein politischer Handlungsleitpfaden für Deutschland in Bezug auf Blue Carbon entwickelt. Die politischen Handlungsempfehlungen wurden gemeinsam mit dem Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Nukleare Sicherheit entwickelt.
    Description: Marine ecosystems like mangroves forests, seagrass meadows, salt marshes and macroalgae can store carbon in their biomass and sediments. Rehabilitation, restoration and conservation of these ecosystems can increase the potential for atmospheric carbon uptake by the ocean. This concept was first introduced as ‘blue carbon’ during the preparation for the 15th UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen in 2009 and since then it has seen continuous incorporation into politics and research. The long-term sequestration of atmospheric CO2 via blue carbon ecosystems supports the 1.5°C goal of the Paris Agreement. The CO2 that is sequestered by blue carbon ecosystems is part of the global carbon sink and therefore it can be counted as ‘negative emissions’ in the global carbon stocktake. However, such negative emissions should not be implemented as a substitute for necessary political and economic measures towards a carbon neutral future. Rehabilitation and restoration of blue carbon ecosystems as a natural carbon sink is one of many measures but cannot replace the significant reduction of global emissions needed for the realisation of the global climate targets. This study discusses the scientific, economic and political realm of blue carbon. Furthermore, possible courses for political action “in”, “by”, and “through” Germany that could strengthen the potential of blue carbon ecosystems to sequester carbon are explored. The study investigates a variety of blue carbon ecosystems to determine to what extent the expansion and conservation of blue carbon ecosystems can support additional climate adaptation targets and Sustainable Development Goals. The evaluation of a multitude of implemented and ongoing blue carbon projects across the globe gives insight to best practices and possible financing mechanisms. A political guideline for Germany regarding blue carbon was developed together with the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety.
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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