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    A Field-Based Cleaning Protocol for Sampling Devices Used in Life-Detection Studies (2009)
    In:  Astrobiology
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Analytical approaches to extant and extinct life detection involve molecular detection often at trace levels. Thus, removal of biological materials and other organic molecules from the surfaces of devices used for sampling is essential for ascertaining meaningful results. Organic decontamination to levels consistent with null values on life-detection instruments is particularly challenging at remote field locations where Mars analog field investigations are carried out. Here, we present a seven-step, multi-reagent decontamination method that can be applied to sampling devices while in the field. In situ lipopolysaccharide detection via low-level endotoxin assays and molecular detection via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to test the effectiveness of the decontamination protocol for sampling of glacial ice with a coring device and for sampling of sediments with a rover scoop during deployment at Arctic Mars-analog sites in Svalbard, Norway. Our results indicate that the protocols and detection technique sufficiently remove and detect low levels of molecular constituents necessary for life-detection tests.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
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    Graphite in the martian meteorite Allan Hills 84001 (2012)
    In:  American Mineralogist
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: We use confocal Raman imaging spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy to study the martian meteorite Allan Hills (ALH) 84001, reported to contain mineral assemblages within carbonate globules (carbonate + magnetite), interpreted as potential relict signatures of ancient martian biota. Models for an abiologic origin for these assemblages required the presence of graphite, and this study is the first report of graphite within ALH 84001. The graphite occurs as hollow spheres (nano-onions), filaments, and highly crystalline particles in intimate association with magnetite in the carbonate globules. In addition to supporting an abiologic origin for the carbonate globule assemblages in ALH 84001, this work proves that there is an inventory of reduced-carbon phases on Mars that has not yet been thoroughly investigated.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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