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  • Carbonate; Native arsenic; Solubilization  (1)
  • Involuntary treatment  (1)
  • Ionospheric currents  (1)
  • English  (3)
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  • English  (3)
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  • 1
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    Observing Earth’s magnetic environment with the GRACE-FO mission (2021)
    Stolle, C. ; Michaelis, I. ; Xiong, C. ; [et al.]
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Description: The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission carries magnetometers that are dedicated to enhance the satellite’s navigation. After appropriate calibration and characterisation of artificial magnetic disturbances, these observations are valuable assets to characterise the natural variability of Earth’s magnetic field. We describe the data pre-processing, the calibration, and characterisation strategy against a high-precision magnetic field model applied to the GRACE-FO magnetic data. During times of geomagnetic quiet conditions, the mean residual to the magnetic model is around 1 nT with standard deviations below 10 nT. The mean difference to data of ESA’s Swarm mission, which is dedicated to monitor the Earth’s magnetic field, is mainly within ± 10 nT during conjunctions. The performance of GRACE-FO magnetic data is further discussed on selected scientific examples. During a magnetic storm event in August 2018, GRACE-FO reveals the local time dependence of the magnetospheric ring current signature, which is in good agreement with results from a network of ground magnetic observations. Also, derived field-aligned currents (FACs) are applied to monitor auroral FACs that compare well in amplitude and statistical behaviour for local time, hemisphere, and solar wind conditions to approved earlier findings from other missions including Swarm. On a case event, it is demonstrated that the dual-satellite constellation of GRACE-FO is most suitable to derive the persistence of auroral FACs with scale lengths of 180 km or longer. Due to a relatively larger noise level compared to dedicated magnetic missions, GRACE-FO is especially suitable for high-amplitude event studies. However, GRACE-FO is also sensitive to ionospheric signatures even below the noise level within statistical approaches. The combination with data of dedicated magnetic field missions and other missions carrying non-dedicated magnetometers greatly enhances related scientific perspectives.
    Description: European Space Agency (FR)
    Description: HEIBRIDS
    Description: Projekt DEAL
    Description: ftp://isdcftp.gfz-potsdam.de/grace-fo/MAGNETIC_FIELD
    Keywords: ddc:538.7 ; Earth’s magnetic field ; Geomagnetism ; Ionospheric currents ; Magnetospheric ring current ; Satellite-based magnetometers ; Platform magnetometers ; GRACE-FO
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 2
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    International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This open access book offers essential information on values-based practice (VBP): the clinical skills involved, teamwork and person-centered care, links between values and evidence, and the importance of partnerships in shared decision-making. Different cultures have different values; for example, partnership in decision-making looks very different, from the highly individualized perspective of European and North American cultures to the collective and family-oriented perspectives common in South East Asia. In turn, African cultures offer yet another perspective, one that falls between these two extremes (called batho pele). The book will benefit everyone concerned with the practical challenges of delivering mental health services. Accordingly, all contributions are developed on the basis of case vignettes, and cover a range of situations in which values underlie tensions or uncertainties regarding how to proceed in clinical practice. Examples include the patient’s autonomy and best interest, the physician’s commitment to establishing high standards of clinical governance, clinical versus community best interest, institutional versus clinical interests, patients insisting on medically unsound but legal treatments etc. Thus far, VBP publications have mainly dealt with clinical scenarios involving individual values (of clinicians and patients). Our objective with this book is to develop a model of VBP that is culturally much broader in scope. As such, it offers a vital resource for mental health stakeholders in an increasingly inter-connected world. It also offers opportunities for cross-learning in values-based practice between cultures with very different clinical care traditions.
    Keywords: Psychiatry ; Psychology, general ; Ethics ; Behavioral Sciences and Psychology ; Moral Philosophy and Applied Ethics ; Assessment and diagnosis ; Evidence based practice ; Culture ; Abuse of psychiatry ; Medical ethics ; Medical law ; Psychosis ; Spirituality ; Involuntary treatment ; Insanity defence ; Medical education ; open access ; Psychology ; Ethics & moral philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKL Psychiatry ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JM Psychology ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTQ Ethics and moral philosophy
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 3
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    Arsenic Release from a Natural Rock under Near-natural Oxidizing Conditions (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The effects of carbonate concentration and the presence of iron hydroxide phases on the process of arsenic release from an ore material were investigated under experimental oxic conditions and in the pH range from 6.0 to 9.0. These experimental conditions are pertinent to arsenic leaching from tailings and mining wastes. The leaching tests lasted for 〈= 99 days and were performed with materials of five different particle sizes (〈= 2 mm). Carbonate ions were produced in-situ by dolomite dissolution or were contained in used waters (0 to 30 mM as HCO(3)(-)) Iron hydroxide phases were formed in situ by oxidative dissolution of metallic iron (Fe(0)) or pyrite (FeS(2)). Non-disturbed batch experiments and air-homogenized experiments were conducted with a constant amount (10 g/L) of an arsenic-bearing rock (ore material) of a given particle size and different types of water (deionized, tap and mineral water). For comparison, experiments were conducted with 0.1 M EDTA, 0.1 M Na(2)CO(3), and 0.1 M H(2)SO(4). Neither the use of dolomite nor the use of water containing various carbonate (HCO(3)(-)) concentrations could confirm the recent results on the favorable role of As(III)-carbonate complexes on the arsenic transport in the environment. On the other hand, iron hydroxide phases (from Fe(0) and FeS(2)) univocally delayed the As release in both experimental procedures. Furthermore, the theoretically expected effects of the particle size of the ore material was observed. If one takes into consideration that the used HCO(3)(-) concentrations were up to six times larger then those of natural surface waters (〈= 5.5 mM) but up to five times lower than those currently used in the literature (〉= 100 mM), it is concluded that the reported conflicting results for As leaching from sediments may be a misinterpretation of processes occurring in the sediment and yielding increased As release with increasing HCO(3)(-)/CO(3)(2-) concentration.
    Keywords: Carbonate; Native arsenic; Solubilization ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , submittedVersion
    Format: 27
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
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