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  • 1
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    CHICAGO (2010)
    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: This report describes the set-up, logistics and results of the CHICAGO (Chilean Coastal AeroGeophysical Observations) survey. It gives a short overview about the scientific intentions, detailed documentation of all technical aspects starting from the survey equipment via the aircraft installation to the GPS stations set-up and the experiences in flight. All processing results for the individual profiles are discussed in detail. Finally, the data is compared and combined with available recent marine gravity data and altimetry derived solutions.
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551 ; TQH 000 ; TSX 500 ; Aerogeophysik ; Chile {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 100 S.
    Format: application/pdf
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 2
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    Airborne navigation and gravimetry ensemble & laboratory (2010)
    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The LaCoste & Romberg gravity meter S124b and its associated system environment were installed and tested in conjunction with a strap-down gravity meter system (SAGS) of the Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften in Munich on a Cessna Grand Caravan of the DLR in Oberpfaffenhofen. This report describes the design and instrumentation of the aerogravimetry system, it documents the installation on the aircraft and it discusses some of the results of the test flights performed within AGFA (Airborne Gravity Flight Approach). Beyond the documentation of the system this report gives a short introduction to the basics of the instruments including a short theory of their operation and data processing. The intention is to give readers from disciplines other than aero-gravimetry and aero-altimetry a technical insight into how the system works and what it is capable of. This should help the reader to evaluate the systems usefulness in other geo-scientific projects. The experiences from the test flights are briefly summarized and an update of the current status and future plans for the individual instruments is given. The aerogravimetry system consists of two major instrument blocks: the gravimetry sensing system and the positioning system. The gravimetry sensors are the LaCoste & Romberg S124b and the SAGS-2.2 systems. The navigation block holds GPS receivers, an inertial navigation system and a laser altimeter. The aircraft used for the primary tests was a Cessna Grand Caravan of the DLR in Oberpfaffenhofen. It offers superb conditions for scientific installations and is widely used in geophysical exploration all over the world. The test flights were flown from Oberpfaffenhofen airport. One profile covers the Bavarian Alps to map short wavelength, topography induced gravity disturbances, and another flight crosses the Rhine Graben to map long wavelength structures of the deeper crust. The software for data processing for navigation, gravimetry and geoid calculations is briefly summarized.
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551 ; TQH 000 ; Aerogeophysik
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 74 S.
    Format: application/pdf
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 3
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    Degradation of Root Community Traits as Indicator for Transformation of Tropical Lowland Rain Forests into Oil Palm and Rubber Plantations. (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Conversion of tropical forests into intensely managed plantations is a threat to ecosystem functions. On Sumatra, Indonesia, oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) plantations are rapidly expanding, displacing rain forests and extensively used rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) agro-forests. Here, we tested the influence of land use systems on root traits including chemical traits (carbon, nitrogen, mineral nutrients, potentially toxic elements [aluminium, iron] and performance traits (root mass, vitality, mycorrhizal colonization). Traits were measured as root community-weighed traits (RCWTs) in lowland rain forests, in rubber agro-forests mixed with rain forest trees, in rubber and oil palm plantations in two landscapes (Bukit Duabelas and Harapan, Sumatra). We hypothesized that RCWTs vary with land use system indicating increasing transformation intensity and loss of ecosystem functions. The main factors found to be related to increasing transformation intensity were declining root vitality and root sulfur, nitrogen, carbon, manganese concentrations and increasing root aluminium and iron concentrations as well as increasing spore densities of arbuscular mycorrhizas. Mycorrhizal abundance was high for arbuscular and low for ectomycorrhizas and unrelated to changes in RCWTs. The decline in RCWTs showed significant correlations with soil nitrogen, soil pH and litter carbon. Thus, our study uncovered a relationship between deteriorating root community traits and loss of ecosystem functionality and showed that increasing transformation intensity resulted in decreasing root nutrition and health. Based on these results we suggest that land management that improves root vitality may enhance the ecological functions of intense tropical production systems.
    Description: Oüpen-Access Publikationsfonds 2015
    Keywords: Agricultural soil science; Ecosystem functioning; Forests; Jungles; Land use; Oil palm; Rainforests; Rubber ; 551
    Language: English , English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 4
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    Natural variability or anthropogenically-induced variation? Insights from 15 years of multidisciplinary observations at the arctic marine LTER site HAUSGARTEN (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Time-series studies of arctic marine ecosystems are rare. This is not surprising since polar regions arelargely only accessible by means of expensive modern infrastructure and instrumentation. In 1999, theAlfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz-Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) established the LTER(Long-Term Ecological Research) observatory HAUSGARTEN crossing the Fram Strait at about 79◦N.Multidisciplinary investigations covering all parts of the open-ocean ecosystem are carried out at a totalof 21 permanent sampling sites in water depths ranging between 250 and 5500 m. From the outset,repeated sampling in the water column and at the deep seafloor during regular expeditions in summermonths was complemented by continuous year-round sampling and sensing using autonomous instru-ments in anchored devices (i.e., moorings and free-falling systems). The central HAUSGARTEN stationat 2500 m water depth in the eastern Fram Strait serves as an experimental area for unique biologicalin situ experiments at the seafloor, simulating various scenarios in changing environmental settings.Long-term ecological research at the HAUSGARTEN observatory revealed a number of interesting tem-poral trends in numerous biological variables from the pelagic system to the deep seafloor. Contrary tocommon intuition, the entire ecosystem responded exceptionally fast to environmental changes in theupper water column. Major variations were associated with a Warm-Water-Anomaly evident in sur-face waters in eastern parts of the Fram Strait between 2005 and 2008. However, even after 15 years ofintense time-series work at HAUSGARTEN, we cannot yet predict with complete certainty whether thesetrends indicate lasting alterations due to anthropologically-induced global environmental changes of thesystem, or whether they reflect natural variability on multiyear time-scales, for example, in relation todecadal oscillatory atmospheric processes.
    Keywords: HAUSGARTEN; Arctic Ocean; Deep sea; Natural variability; Anthropogenic impact ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 5
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    MEXAGE - Mexican aero-geophysical experiment (2010)
    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: This report describes the set-up, logistics and results of the MEXAGE (Mexican Aero-Geophysical Survey) survey. It gives a short overview about the scientific intentions, detailed documentation of all technical aspects starting from the survey equipment via the aircraft installation to the GPS stations set-up to the experiences in flight. The processing results for the individual profiles are briefly discussed.
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551 ; TQH 000 ; TSV 300 ; Aerogeophysik ; Mexiko {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 94 S.
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 6
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    Burial and Origin of Permafrost-Derived Carbon in the Nearshore Zone of the Southern Canadian Beaufort Sea (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-27
    Description: Detailed organic geochemical and carbon isotopic (δ13C and Δ14C) analyses are performed on permafrost deposits affected by coastal erosion (Herschel Island, Canadian Beaufort Sea) and adjacent marine sediments (Herschel Basin) to understand the fate of organic carbon in Arctic nearshore environments. We use an end-member model based on the carbon isotopic composition of bulk organic matter to identify sources of organic carbon. Monte Carlo simulations are applied to quantify the contribution of coastal permafrost erosion to the sedimentary carbon budget. The models suggest that ~40% of all carbon released by local coastal permafrost erosion is efficiently trapped and sequestered in the nearshore zone. This highlights the importance of sedimentary traps in environments such as basins, lagoons, troughs, and canyons for the carbon sequestration in previously poorly investigated, nearshore areas.
    Keywords: 551 ; permafrost ; coastal erosion ; biomarker ; radiocarbon ; carbon flux ; carbon burial
    Language: English
    Type: map
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
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