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  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Oxford University Press
  • English  (3)
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  • English  (3)
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  • 1
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    Great Policy Successes (2019)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: "With so much media and political criticism of their shortcomings and failures, it is easy to overlook the fact that many governments work pretty well much of the time. Great Policy Successes turns the spotlight on instances of public policy that are remarkably successful. It develops a framework for identifying and assessing policy successes, paying attention not just to their programmatic outcomes but also to the quality of the processes by which policies are designed and delivered, the level of support and legitimacy they attain, and the extent to which successful performance endures over time. The bulk of the book is then devoted to 15 detailed case studies of striking policy successes from around the world, including Singapore's public health system, Copenhagen and Melbourne's rise from stilted backwaters to the highly liveable and dynamic urban centres they are today, Brazil's Bolsa Familia poverty relief scheme, the US's GI Bill, and Germany's breakthrough labour market reforms of the 2000s. Each case is set in context, its main actors are introduced, key events and decisions are described, the assessment framework is applied to gauge the nature and level of its success, key contributing factors to success are identified, and potential lessons and future challenges are identified. Purposefully avoiding the kind of heavy theorizing that characterizes many accounts of public policy processes, each case is written in an accessible and narrative style ideally suited for classroom use in conjunction with mainstream textbooks on public policy design, implementation, and evaluation.
    Keywords: public policy ; policy evaluation ; government ; governance ; social policy ; health policy ; economic policy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Particle Physics in the LHC era (2022)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book gives a modern introduction to particle physics. The main mathematical tools required for the rest of the book are developed in Chapter 2. A quantitative introduction to accelerator physics is presented in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 covers detector physics, with an emphasis on fundamental physical principles. Chapter 5 covers the static quark model, with applications to light mesons and baryons as well as heavier states containing charm and beauty quarks. Chapter 6 introduces relativistic quantum mechanics and uses spinors to relate Lorentz invariance to the Dirac equation. Chapter 7 covers the basics of the electroweak theory based on broken SU(2) × U(1) symmetry. Chapter 8 reviews some of the key experiments that led to the development of the electroweak theory. Chapter 9 explains the importance of deep inelastic scattering data for providing direct evidence for the existence of quarks. It also gives a brief introduction to quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Chapter 10 considers flavour oscillations in the quark sector and then discusses the evidence for CP violation. Chapter 11 examines the theory of neutrino oscillations as well as the evidence for these oscillations. Chapter 12 gives an elementary introduction to the Higgs mechanism as well as a careful explanation of the experimental evidence for the existence of a Higgs boson. Chapter 13 looks at LHC physics and explains how searches for Beyond the Standard Model Physics are performed. It concludes with a discussion of the evidence for dark matter and dark energy.
    Keywords: Particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, cosmology, accelerator physics, detector physics, quarks and leptons, Dirac equation, electroweak theory, quantum chromodynamics, flavour oscillations, CP violation, Higgs boson, Beyond the Standard Model physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHP Particle and high-energy physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVB Astrophysics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PG Astronomy, space and time::PGK Cosmology and the universe ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHM Atomic and molecular physics
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Brain Computations and Connectivity (2023)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The subject of this book is how the brain works. In order to understand this, it is essential to know what is computed by different brain systems; and how the computations are performed. The aim of this book is to elucidate what is computed in different brain systems; and to describe current computational approaches and models of how each of these brain systems computes. Understanding the brain in this way has enormous potential for understanding ourselves better in health and in disease. Potential applications of this understanding are to the treatment of the brain in disease; and to artificial intelligence which will benefit from knowledge of how the brain performs many of its extraordinarily impressive functions. This book is pioneering in taking this approach to brain function: to consider what is computed by many of our brain systems; and how it is computed. The book is also pioneering in taking biologically plausible approaches to brain computation. The book is also pioneering in incorporating evidence on the connectivity of 360 cortical regions in the human brain, making the book highly relevant to understanding the human brain. The book will be of interest to all scientists interested in brain function and how the brain works, whether they are from neuroscience, or from medical sciences including neurology and psychiatry, or from the area of computational science including machine learning and artificial intelligence, or from areas such as theoretical physics.
    Keywords: neuroscience, brain, cerebral cortex, psychiatry, machine learning, computational neuroscience, neuroimaging, neurology, deep learning, memory, emotion, perception, mind and brain, consciousness ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology::JMM Physiological & neuro-psychology, biopsychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology::JMR Cognition & cognitive psychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology::JMA Psychological theory & schools of thought::JMAQ Cognitivism, cognitive theory ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JM Psychology::JMM Physiological and neuro-psychology, biopsychology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JM Psychology::JMR Cognition and cognitive psychology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JM Psychology::JMA Psychological theory, systems, schools and viewpoints::JMAQ Cognitivism, cognitive theory ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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