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  • Articles  (13)
  • English  (13)
  • 2015-2019  (13)
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  • Articles  (13)
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  • 1
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    A Multiscale Exposure Model for Seismic Risk Assessment in Central Asia (2015)
    In:  Seismological Research Letters
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
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    Basin effects on ground motion: the case of a high-resolution experiment in Cephalonia (Greece) (2018)
    In:  Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: In this study data and results of a high-resolution experiment in Cephalonia (Greece) regarding empirical basin effects are presented. A total of 59 velocimeters and 17 accelerometers were deployed in the basin of Argostoli Cephalonia (Greece), for a period of 7 months (September 2011–April 2012). Due to high seismicity of the western Greece and surrounding area this array recorded thousands of local, regional and global events. Data used in this work come from a selection of 162 regional and local earthquakes, 3 km ≤ R ≤ 600 km, with magnitude range, 1.0 ≤ M ≤ 5.2. Based on high signal-to-noise ratio recordings and two selected reference stations, variation of several intensity measures (PGA, PGV, Arias Intensity, Cumulative Absolute Velocity), significant duration, HVSR and SSR of ground motion recordings on soil sites within the basin is carefully examined for a range of frequencies of engineering interest. Comparison of results with a detailed 2D geologic model shows a good consistency both in amplification and frequency domain. Influence of “reference” site on ground motion variation of soil sites is also discussed in light of our results. Finally, it is suggested that 2D or/and 3D theoretical modeling should be performed given the availability of geological and geophysical parameters to define a realistic model of the basin. Results of this study can undoubtedly serve in model validation and improvement of ground motion simulation tools.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
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    On the use of the autocorrelation function: the constraint of using frequency band-limited signals for monitoring relative velocity changes (2016)
    In:  Journal of Seismology
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Correlations of seismic noise are commonly used to monitor temporal variations of relative seismic velocity in period ranges from 1 s up to 100 s. Of particular interest is the detection of small changes in the order of 0.01–0.1 % in propagation speeds. Measuring such small differences can, however, be significantly biased by temporal variations in the properties of the noise sources within the corresponding frequency band. Using synthetic data, we show that apparent relative velocity variations might appear only due to changes in the amplitude and frequency content caused by source variations. Removing such unwanted effects by applying narrow bandpass filters in the preprocessing restricts the high-resolution analysis of any signal due to Gabor’s uncertainty limit, i.e., the correlation function suffers a limited resolution to time delay estimates for small correlation times, low-frequency ranges, and in narrow frequency bands. Better understanding of spatiotemporal noise source properties and the theoretical limitations of time–frequency analysis is critical for accurate and reliable passive monitoring.
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    A report on site effects studies in Kyrgyzstan (2016)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This document provides information on the site effects studies carried out in Kyrgyzstan. These studies are carried out within the Global Change Observatory Central Asia of the GFZ and the Earthquake Model Central Asia (EMCA). Furthermore, the site effects estimated using different approaches are incorporated into the probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) for Bishkek.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 5
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    Report on residential exposure and seismic vulnerability in Kyrgyzstan (2016)
    GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: In this report information on the residential exposure, and its vulnerability is provided orderto better understand the expected consequences of the seismic risk in Kyrgyzstan, with thefinal aim of further improving the existing normative.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 6
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    Ground‐Motion Forecasting Using a Reference Station and Complex Site‐Response Functions Accounting for the Shallow Geology (2016)
    In:  Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The distribution of damage due to recent earthquakes has shown that the effects of shallow geological structures on the level of ground shaking represent an important factor in engineering seismology. Whereas many previous studies have estimated site amplification factors in the frequency domain, their application to the real‐time modeling of ground motion is not yet fully established. In this article, a method for the real‐time correction of frequency‐dependent site‐response factors is proposed, which accounts not only for the modulus, but also for the changes in the signal phase related to local site conditions. The transformation of the complex standard spectral ratios to a causal recursive filter in the time domain allows for the forecasting of the waveforms for soft‐soil sites almost in real time when the signal is recorded earlier at a reference site. When considering travel‐time differences of the various seismic phases between the hypocenter and the studied sites, the level of ground motion at soft‐soil sites with respect to arrival time, energy, duration, and frequency content can be well constrained, even in cases of a high spatial variability of the amplification patterns.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    Fingerprint Identification Using Noise in the Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio: Retrieving the Impedance Contrast Structure for the Almaty Basin (Kazakhstan) (2019)
    In:  Frontiers in Earth Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Detailed knowledge of the 3D basin structure underlying urban areas is of major importance for improving the assessment of seismic hazard and risk. However, mapping the major features of the shallow geological layers becomes expensive where large areas need to be covered. In this study, we propose an innovative tool, based mainly on single station noise recordings and the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (H/V), to identify and locate the depth of major impedance contrasts. The method is based on an identification of so-called fingerprints of the major impedance discontinuities and their migration to depth by means of an analytical procedure. The method is applied to seismic noise recordings collected in the city of Almaty (Kazakhstan). The estimated impedance contrasts vs. depth profiles are interpolated in order to derive a three-dimensional (3D) model, which after calibration with some available boreholes data allows the major tectonic features in the subsurface to be identified.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    DESTRESS - Demonstration of soft stimulation treatments of geothermal reservoirs (2018)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: DESTRESS is a Horizon-2020 supported project (Topic: Demonstration of renewable electricity and heating/cooling technologies) that is concerned with creating EGS (enhanced geothermal systems) for the more economical, sustainable and environmentally responsible exploitation of underground heat. The international consortium, representing academic, geothermal sites and industry, will utilize the latest developments in the use of hydraulic, chemical and thermal treatments for enhancing the productivity of geothermal reservoirs, with considerable interaction with various interests groups and the thorough assessment of the associated risk, in particular that associated with induced seismicity. The GFZ workgroup "Early warning and Impact Forecasting" is involved in the exposure modelling, vulnerability analysis and building monitoring of communities near geothermal production facilities, making use of tools developed both in previous and ongoing projects. Data are available under network code 1M at the GEOFON data centre.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 9
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    Multi-hazard fragility analysis for fluvial dikes in earthquake- and flood-prone areas (2018)
    In:  Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The paper presents a methodology for the multi-hazard fragility analysis of fluvial earthen dikes in earthquake- and flood-prone areas due to liquefaction. The methodology has been applied for the area along the Rhine River reach and adjacent floodplains between the gauges at Andernach and Düsseldorf. Along this domain, the urban areas are partly protected by dikes, which may be prone to failure during exceptional floods and/or earthquakes. The fragility of the earthen dikes is analysed in terms of liquefaction potential, characterized by the factor of safety estimated using the procedure of Seed and Idriss (1971). Uncertainties in the geometrical and geotechnical dike parameters are considered in a Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Failure probability of the earthen structures is presented in the form of a fragility surface as a function of both seismic hazard and hydrologic/hydraulic load.
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Harmonizing and comparing single-type natural hazard risk estimations (2016)
    In:  Annals of Geophysics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Single-type hazard and risk assessment is the usual framework followed by disaster risk reduction (DRR) practitioners. There is therefore a need to present and compare the results arising from different hazard and risk types. Here we describe a simple method for combining risk curves arising from different hazard types in order to gain a first impression of the total risk. We show how the resulting total (and individual) risk estimates can be examined and compared using so-called risk matrices, a format preferred by some DRR practitioners. We apply this approach to Cologne, Germany, which is subject to floods, windstorms and earthquakes. We then use a new series of risk calculations that consider epistemic uncertainty. The Mann-Whitney test is applied to determine if the losses arising from pairs of hazards are comparable for a given return period. This benefits decision makers as it allows a ranking of hazards with respect to expected damage. Such a comparison would assist planners in the allocation of resources towards the most efficient mitigation actions. However, the results are dependent upon the distribution of estimates (i.e., level of uncertainty), which is in turn a function of our state of knowledge.
    Language: English
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