Call number:
9781292407623 (e-book)
Description / Table of Contents:
For courses in two-semester generalchemistry. Accurate, data-driven authorship with expanded interactivityleads to greater student engagement Unrivaled problem sets, notablescientific accuracy and currency, and remarkable clarity have made Chemistry:The Central Science the leading general chemistry text for more than adecade. Trusted, innovative, and calibrated, the text increases conceptualunderstanding and leads to greater student success in general chemistry bybuilding on the expertise of the dynamic author team of leading researchers andaward-winning teachers. MasteringTMChemistry is not included. Students, if Mastering is arecommended/mandatory component of the course, please ask your instructor forthe correct ISBN and course ID. Mastering should only be purchased whenrequired by an instructor. Instructors, contact your Pearson rep for moreinformation. Mastering is an online homework,tutorial, and assessment product designed to personalize learning and improveresults. With a wide range of interactive, engaging, and assignable activities,students are encouraged to actively learn and retain tough course concepts.
Type of Medium:
12
Pages:
1 online resource (1323 Seiten)
,
Illustrationen
Edition:
15th global edition
ISBN:
9781292407623
URL:
Fulltext @ Ebook Central (AWI only)
Language:
English
Note:
CONTENTS
PREFACE
1 Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement
1.1 The Study of Chemistry
The Atomic and Molecular Perspective of Chemistry
Why Study Chemistry?
1.2 Classifications of Matter
States of Matter
Pure Substances
Elements
Compounds
Mixtures
1.3 Properties of Matter
Physical and Chemical Changes
Separation of Mixtures
1.4 The Nature of Energy
Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy
1.5 Units of Measurement
SI Units
Length and Mass
Temperature
Derived SI Units
Volume
Density
Units of Energy
1.6 Uncertainty in Measurement
Precision and Accuracy
Significant Figures
Significant Figures in Calculations
1.7 Dimensional Analysis
Conversion Factors
Using Two or More Conversion
Factors
Conversions Involving Volume
Chapter Summary and Key Terms
Learning Outcomes
Key Equations
Exercises
Additional Exercises
Chemistry Put to Work Chemistry and the Chemical Industry
A Closer Look: The Scientific Method
Chemistry Put to Work: Chemistry in the News
Strategies for Success: Estimating Answers
Strategies for Success: The Importance of Practice
Strategies for Success: The Features of This Book
2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
2.1 The Atomic Theory of Matter
2.2 The Discovery of Atomic Structure
Cathode Rays and Electrons
Radioactivity
The Nuclear Model of the Atom
2.3 The Modern View of Atomic Structure
Atomic Numbers, Mass Numbers, and Isotopes
2.4 Atomic Weights
The Atomic Mass Scale
Atomic Weight
2.5 The Periodic Table
2.6 Molecules and Molecular Compounds
Molecules and Chemical Formulas
Molecular and Empirical Formulas
Picturing Molecules
2.7 Ions and Ionic Compounds
Predicting Ionic Charges
Ionic Compounds
2.8 Naming Inorganic Compounds
Names and Formulas of Ionic Compounds
Names and Formulas of Acids
Names and Formulas of Binary Molecular Compounds
2.9 Some Simple Organic Compounds
Alkanes
Some Derivatives of Alkanes
Chapter Summary and Key Terms
Learning Outcomes
Key Equations
Exercises
Additional Exercises
A Closer Look Basic Forces
A Closer Look The Mass Spectrometer
Chemistry and Life Elements Required by Living Organisms
Strategies for Success: How to Take a Test
3 Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry
3.1 The Conservation of Mass, Chemical Equations, and Stoichiometry
How to Balance Chemical Equations
A Step-by-Step Example of Balancing a Chemical Equation
3.2 Simple Patterns of Chemical Reactivity: Combination, Decomposition, and Combustion
Combination and Decomposition Reactions
Combustion Reactions
3.3 Formula Weights and Elemental Compositions of Substances
Formula and Molecular Weights
Elemental Compositions of Substances
3.4 Avogadro's Number and the Mole; Molar Mass
The Mole and Avogadro's Number
Molar Mass
Converting Between Masses, Moles, and Atoms/Molecules/Ions
3.5 Formula Weights and Elemental Compositions of Substances
Molecular Formulas from Empirical Formulas
Combustion Analysis
3.6 Reaction Stoichiometry
3.7 Limiting Reactants
Theoretical and Percent Yields
Chapter Summary and Key Terms
Learning Outcomes
Key Equations
Exercises
Additional Exercises
Integrative Exercises
Design an Experiment
Strategies for Success: Problem Solving
Chemistry and Life: Glucose Monitoring
Strategies for Success: Design an Experiment
4 Reactions in Aqueous Solution
4.1 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions
Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes
How Compounds Dissolve in Water
Strong and Weak Electrolytes
4.2 Precipitation Reactions
Solubility Guidelines for Ionic Compounds
Exchange (Metathesis) Reactions
Ionic Equations and Spectator Ions
4.3 Acids, Bases, and Neutralization Reactions
Acids
Bases
Strong and Weak Acids and Bases
Identifying Strong and Weak Electrolytes
Neutralization Reactions and Salts
Neutralization Reactions with Gas Formation
4.4 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Oxidation and Reduction
Oxidation Numbers
Oxidation of Metals by Acids and Salts
The Activity Series
4.5 Concentrations of Solutions
Molarity
Expressing the Concentration of an Electrolyte
Interconverting Molarity, Moles, and Volume
Dilution
4.6 Solution Stoichiometry and Chemical Analysis
Titrations
Chapter Summary and Key Terms
Learning Outcomes
Key Equations
Exercises
Additional Exercises
Integrative Exercises
Design an Experiment
Chemistry Put to Work Antacids
Strategies for Success Analyzing Chemical Reactions
5 Thermochemistry
5.1 The Nature of Chemical Energy
5.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics
System and Surroundings
Internal Energy
Relating Δf to Heat and Work
Endothermic and Exothermic Processes
State Functions
5.3 Enthalpy
Pressure-Volume Work
Enthalpy Change
5.4 Enthalpies of Reaction
5.5 Calorimetry
Heat Capacity and Specific Heat
Constant-Pressure Calorimetry
Bomb Calorimetry (Constant-Volume Calorimetry)
5.6 Hess's Law
5.7 Enthalpies of Formation
Using Enthalpies of Formation to Calculate Enthalpies of Reaction
5.8 Bond Enthalpies
Bond Enthalpies and the Enthalpies of Reactions
5.9 Foods and Fuels
Foods
Fuels
Other Energy Sources
Chapter Summary and Key Terms
Learning Outcomes
Key Equations
Exercises
Additional Exercises
Integrative Exercises
Design an Experiment
A Closer Look: Energy, Enthalpy, and P-V Work
A Closer Look: Using Enthalpy as a Guide
Chemistry and Life: The Regulation of Body Temperature
Chemistry Put to Work: The Scientific and Political Challenges of Biofuels
6 Electronic Structure of Atoms
6.1 The Wave Nature of Light
6.2 Quantized Energy and Photons
Hot Objects and the Quantization of Energy
The Photoelectric Effect and Photons
6.3 Line Spectra and the Bohr Model
Line Spectra
Bohr's Model
The Energy States of the Hydrogen Atom
Limitations of the Bohr Model
6.4 The Wave Behavior of Matter
The Uncertainty Principle
6.5 Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Orbitals
Orbitals and Quantum Numbers
6.6 Representations of Orbitals
The s Orbitals
The p Orbitals
The d and f Orbitals
6.7 Many-Electron Atoms
Orbitals and Their Energies
Electron Spin and the Pauli Exclusion Principle
6.8 Electron Configurations
Hund's Rule
Condensed Electron Configurations
Transition Metals
The Lanthanides and Actinides
6.9 Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
Anomalous Electron Configurations
Chapter Summary and Key Terms
Learning Outcomes
Key Equations
Exercises
Additional Exercises
Integrative Exercises
Design an Experiment
A Closer Look: Measurement and the Uncertainty Principle
A Closer Look: Thought Experiments and Schrödinger's Cat
A Closer Look: Probability Density and Radial Probability Functions
Chemistry and Life Nuclear Spin and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
7 Periodic Properties of the Elements
7.1 Development of the Periodic Table
7.2 Effective Nuclear Charge
7.3 Sizes of Atoms and Ions
Periodic Trends in Atomic Radii
Periodic Trends in Ionic Radii
7.4 Ionization Energy
Variations in Successive Ionization Energies
Periodic Trends in First Ionization Energies
Electron Configurations of Ions
7.5 Electron Affinity
Periodic Trends in Electron Affinity
7.6 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Metals
Nonmetals
Metalloids
7.7 Trends for Group 1 and Group 2 Metals
Group 1: The Alkali Metals
Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metals
7.8 Trends for Selected Nonmetals
Hydrogen
Group 16: The Oxygen Group
Group 17: The Halogens
Group 18: The Noble Gases
Chapter Summary and Key Terms
Learning Outcomes
Key Equations
Exercises
Additional Exercises
Integrative Exercises
Design and Experiment
A Closer Look: Effective Nuclear Charge
Chemistry Put to Work: Ionic Size and Lithium-Ion Batteries
Chemistry and Life: The Improbable Development of Lithium Drugs
8 Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding
8.1 Lewis Symbols and the Octet Rule
Lewis Symbols
The Octet Rule
8.2 Ionic Bonding
Energetics of Ionic Bond Formation
Electron Configurations of Ions of the s- and p-Block Elements
Transition Metal Ions
8.3 Covalent Bonding
Lewis Structures
Multiple Bonds
8.4 Bond Polarity and Electronegativity
Electronegativity
Electronegativity and Bond Polarity
Dipole Moments
Comparing Ionic and Covalent Bonding
8.5 Drawing Lewis Structures
Formal Charge and Alternative Lewis Structures
8.6 Resonance St
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