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  • 1
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    Fundamentals of Friction and Wear on the Nanoscale (2007)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Chemistry, inorganic ; Condensed matter ; Engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Surfaces (Physics)
    ISBN: 9783540368076
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36807-6
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Organometallic Oxidation Catalysis (2007)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
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    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Catalysis ; Chemistry, Organic ; Chemistry, inorganic
    ISBN: 9783540372103
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/11603818
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Geometry and its applications (2006)
    Burlington, MA : Elsevier Academic Press
    Details
    Keywords: DDC 516 ; LC QA453 ; Geometry - Textbooks
    Description / Table of Contents: Meyer's Geometry and Its Applications, Second Edition, combines traditional geometry with current ideas to present a modern approach that is grounded in real-world applications. It balances the deductive approach with discovery learning, and introduces axiomatic, Euclidean geometry, non-Euclidean geometry, and transformational geometry. The text integrates applications and examples throughout and includes historical notes in many chapters. The Second Edition of Geometry and Its Applications is a significant text for any college or university that focuses on geometry's usefulness in other disciplines. It is especially appropriate for engineering and science majors, as well as future mathematics teachers. * Realistic applications integrated throughout the text, including (but not limited to): - Symmetries of artistic patterns - Physics - Robotics - Computer vision - Computer graphics - Stability of architectural structures - Molecular biology - Medicine - Pattern recognition * Historical notes included in many chapters * Instructor's Manual with solutions available for all adopters of the text
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xix, 539 pages)
    Edition: 2nd ed
    ISBN: 9780123694270
    URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780123694270
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Description of the multi-approach gravity field models from Swarm GPS data (2020)
    In:  Earth System Science Data
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-10
    Description: Abstract Back to top Although the knowledge of the gravity of the Earth has improved considerably with CHAMP, GRACE, and GOCE (see appendices for a list of abbreviations) satellite missions, the geophysical community has identified the need for the continued monitoring of the time-variable component with the purpose of estimating the hydrological and glaciological yearly cycles and long-term trends. Currently, the GRACE-FO satellites are the sole dedicated provider of these data, while previously the GRACE mission fulfilled that role for 15 years. There is a data gap spanning from July 2017 to May 2018 between the end of the GRACE mission and start the of GRACE-FO, while the Swarm satellites have collected gravimetric data with their GPS receivers since December 2013. We present high-quality gravity field models (GFMs) from Swarm data that constitute an alternative and independent source of gravimetric data, which could help alleviate the consequences of the 10-month gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO, as well as the short gaps in the existing GRACE and GRACE-FO monthly time series. The geodetic community has realized that the combination of different gravity field solutions is superior to any individual model and set up the Combination Service of Time-variable Gravity Fields (COST-G) under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS), part of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). We exploit this fact and deliver the highest-quality monthly GFMs, resulting from the combination of four different gravity field estimation approaches. All solutions are unconstrained and estimated independently from month to month. We tested the added value of including kinematic baselines (KBs) in our estimation of GFMs and conclude that there is no significant improvement. The non-gravitational accelerations measured by the accelerometer on board Swarm C were also included in our processing to determine if this would improve the quality of the GFMs, but we observed that is only the case when the amplitude of the non-gravitational accelerations is higher than during the current quiet period in solar activity. Using GRACE data for comparison, we demonstrate that the geophysical signal in the Swarm GFMs is largely restricted to spherical harmonic degrees below 12. A 750 km smoothing radius is suitable to retrieve the temporal variations in Earth's gravity field over land areas since mid-2015 with roughly 4 cm equivalent water height (EWH) agreement with respect to GRACE. Over ocean areas, we illustrate that a more intense smoothing with 3000 km radius is necessary to resolve large-scale gravity variations, which agree with GRACE roughly at the level of 1 cm EWH, while at these spatial scales the GRACE observes variations with amplitudes between 0.3 and 1 cm EWH. The agreement with GRACE and GRACE-FO over nine selected large basins under analysis is 0.91 cm, 0.76 cm yr−1, and 0.79 in terms of temporal mean, trend, and correlation coefficient, respectively.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    Remote sensing northern lake methane ebullition (2020)
    In:  Nature Climate Change
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-14
    Description: Northern lakes are considered a major source of atmospheric methane (CH4), a potent GHG1,2. However, large uncertainties in their emissions (7–26 Tg CH4 yr–1; ref. 2) arise from challenges in upscaling field data, including fluxes by ebullition (bubbling), the dominant emission pathway2. Remote sensing of ebullition would allow detailed mapping of regional emissions but has hitherto not been developed. Here, we show that lake ebullition can be imaged using synthetic aperture radar remote sensing during ice-cover periods by exploiting the effect of ebullition on the texture of the ice–water interface. Applying this method to five Alaska regions and combining spatial remote sensing information with year-round bubble-trap flux measurements, we create ebullition-flux maps for 5,143 Alaskan lakes. Regional lake CH4 emissions, based on satellite remote sensing analyses, were lower compared to previous estimates based on upscaling from individual lakes2,3 and were consistent with independent airborne CH4 observations. Thermokarst lakes formed by thaw of organic-rich permafrost had the highest fluxes, although lake density and lake size distributions also controlled regional emissions. This new remote sensing approach offers an opportunity to improve knowledge about Arctic CH4 fluxes and helps to explain long-standing discrepancies between estimates of CH4 emissions from atmospheric measurements and data upscaled from individual lakes.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    A high resolution global gravity field model combining CHAMP and GRACE satellite mission and surface data: EIGEN-CG01C (2006)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The striking improvements in long- to medium-wavelengths gravity field recovery achieved with GPS-CHAMP and GPS-GRACE high-low and GRACE K-band range low-low satellite-to-satellite tracking prompted us to combine the satellite data with surface data from altimetry over the oceans and gravimetry over the continents to generate a new, high resolution global gravity field model: EIGEN-CG01C. The model is complete to degree/order 360 in terms of spherical harmonics and resolves half-wavelengths of 55 km in the geoid and gravity anomaly fields. A special band-limited combination method has been applied in order to preserve the high accuracy from the satellite data in the lower frequency band of the geopotential and to allow for a smooth transition to the high-frequency band, dominated by the surface data. Compared to pre-CHAMP/GRACE global high-resolution gravity field models, the accuracy was improved by one order of magnitude to 4 cm and 0.5 mgal in terms of geoid heights and gravity anomalies, respectively, at a spatial resolution of 200 km half-wavelength. The overall accuracy at degree/order 360 is estimated to be 20 cm and 5 mgal, respectively, and benefits significantly from recently released new gravity anomaly compilations over the polar regions. In general, the accuracy over the oceans is better than over the continents reflecting the higher quality of the available surface data.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 7
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    MEXAGE - Mexican Aero-Geophysical Experiment Survey Report (2005)
    GeoForschungsZentrum
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This report describes the set-up, logistics and results of the MEXAGE (Mexican Aero-Geophysical Survey) survey (Figure 0.1). It gives a short overview about the scientific intentions, detailed documentation of all technical aspects starting from the survey equipment via the aircraft installation to the GPS stations set-up to the experiences in flight. The processing results for the individual profiles are briefly discussed.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 8
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    Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Fields (COST-G) – operations (2020)
    In:  Abstracts
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-14
    Description: With the release of the combined GRACE monthly gravity field time-series COST-G RL01 the Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity fields (COST-G) of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) became operational in July 2019. We present the COST-G RL01 time-series and provide validation in terms of orbit fit, ice mass trends, lake altimetry and sea level budget. We identify weak points in the combined monthly gravity fields and discuss possible improvements of the combination strategy for future combinations. While COST-G RL01 is based on sets of re-processed GRACE monthly gravity fields, COST-G also provides combinations of monthly Swarm high-low satellite-to-satellite tracking (hl-SST) gravity fields on an operational basis with a latency of 3 months. Combinations of GRACE-FO monthly gravity fields are in the process of operationalization. We provide a status report and first results of GRACE-FO combinations. Combined GRACE, Swarm and GRACE-FO gravity fields complement each other to provide a long-term time-series of mass variation in the system Earth.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 9
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    Mars Extant Life: What's Next? Conference Report (2020)
    In:  Astrobiology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-10
    Description: On November 5–8, 2019, the “Mars Extant Life: What's Next?” conference was convened in Carlsbad, New Mexico. The conference gathered a community of actively publishing experts in disciplines related to habitability and astrobiology. Primary conclusions are as follows: A significant subset of conference attendees concluded that there is a realistic possibility that Mars hosts indigenous microbial life. A powerful theme that permeated the conference is that the key to the search for martian extant life lies in identifying and exploring refugia (“oases”), where conditions are either permanently or episodically significantly more hospitable than average. Based on our existing knowledge of Mars, conference participants highlighted four potential martian refugium (not listed in priority order): Caves, Deep Subsurface, Ices, and Salts. The conference group did not attempt to reach a consensus prioritization of these candidate environments, but instead felt that a defensible prioritization would require a future competitive process. Within the context of these candidate environments, we identified a variety of geological search strategies that could narrow the search space. Additionally, we summarized a number of measurement techniques that could be used to detect evidence of extant life (if present). Again, it was not within the scope of the conference to prioritize these measurement techniques—that is best left for the competitive process. We specifically note that the number and sensitivity of detection methods that could be implemented if samples were returned to Earth greatly exceed the methodologies that could be used at Mars. Finally, important lessons to guide extant life search processes can be derived both from experiments carried out in terrestrial laboratories and analog field sites and from theoretical modeling.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 10
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    The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data (2020)
    In:  Scientific Data
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-14
    Description: The FLUXNET2015 dataset provides ecosystem-scale data on CO2, water, and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and other meteorological and biological measurements, from 212 sites around the globe (over 1500 site-years, up to and including year 2014). These sites, independently managed and operated, voluntarily contributed their data to create global datasets. Data were quality controlled and processed using uniform methods, to improve consistency and intercomparability across sites. The dataset is already being used in a number of applications, including ecophysiology studies, remote sensing studies, and development of ecosystem and Earth system models. FLUXNET2015 includes derived-data products, such as gap-filled time series, ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic uptake estimates, estimation of uncertainties, and metadata about the measurements, presented for the first time in this paper. In addition, 206 of these sites are for the first time distributed under a Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0) license. This paper details this enhanced dataset and the processing methods, now made available as open-source codes, making the dataset more accessible, transparent, and reproducible.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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