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  • InTechOpen  (17)
  • MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (16)
  • English  (33)
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  • English  (33)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Alternative & renewable energy sources & technology
    Keywords: Technology, engineering, agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering::THV Alternative and renewable energy sources and technology
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Induction heating is a physical process extensively used in the metallurgical industry for different applications involving metal melting. The main components of an induction heating system are an induction coil connected to a power-supply providing an alternating electric current and a conductive workpiece to be heated, placed inside the coil. The alternating current traversing the coil generates eddy currents in the workpiece and by means of ohmic losses the workpiece is heated
    Keywords: industrial induction ; numerical modelling ; industrial induction ; numerical modelling ; Boundary value problem ; Dielectric heating ; Enthalpy ; Furnace ; Joule heating ; Rotational symmetry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: ca. 200 words; this text will present the book in all promotional forms (e.g. flyers). Please describe the book in straightforward and consumer-friendly terms. [There is ever more research on smart cities and new interdisciplinary approaches proposed on the study of smart cities. At the same time, problems pertinent to communities inhabiting rural areas are being addressed, as part of discussions in contigious fields of research, be it environmental studies, sociology, or agriculture. Even if rural areas and countryside communities have previously been a subject of concern for robust policy frameworks, such as the European Union’s Cohesion Policy and Common Agricultural Policy Arguably, the concept of ‘the village’ has been largely absent in the debate. As a result, when advances in sophisticated information and communication technology (ICT) led to the emergence of a rich body of research on smart cities, the application and usability of ICT in the context of a village has remained underdiscussed in the literature. Against this backdrop, this volume delivers on four objectives. It delineates the conceptual boundaries of the concept of ‘smart village’. It highlights in which ways ‘smart village’ is distinct from ‘smart city’. It examines in which ways smart cities research can enrich smart villages research. It sheds light on the smart village research agenda as it unfolds in European and global contexts.]
    Keywords: NX1-820 ; H1-99 ; TX1-1110 ; HF5001-6182 ; South America ; policymaking ; smart village ; Europe ; sustainability ; smart villages research ; European Union ; Asia ; China ; smart cities research ; ICT ; smart city ; best practice sharing ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Scheduling and control are typically viewed as separate applications because of historical factors such as limited computing resources. Now that algorithms and computing resources have advanced, there are new efforts to have short-term decisions (control) interact or merge with longer-term decisions (scheduling). A new generation of numerical optimization methods are evolving to capture additional benefits and unify the approach to manufacturing process automation. This special issue is a collection of some of the latest advancements in scheduling and control for both batch and continuous processes. It contains developments with multi-scale problem formulation, software for the new class of problems, and a survey of the strengths and weaknesses of successive levels of integration.
    Keywords: HD28-70 ; T58.5-58.64 ; Smart Manufacturing ; Control ; Large-scale ; Real-time Optimization ; Numerical Optimization ; Scheduling ; Energy Systems ; Model Predictive Control ; Advanced Control ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Growing bandwidth demands are driving the search for increased network capacity leading to the exploration of new wavelength ranges for future communication systems. Therefore, we consider two technologies that offer increased transmission bandwidths by virtue of their high carrier frequencies, namely optical wireless and millimeter-wave transmission. After highlighting the relevant electromagnetic (EM) spectrum region, we briefly describe the applications and properties of each approach coupled with a short history of their development. This is followed by a performance comparison in two possible 5G links: outdoor point-to-point and indoor hotspots. We find that in both cases, there are regions where optical wireless communications (OWC) are better, but others where millimeter waves are to be preferred. Specifically, the former outperforms the latter over distances up to approximately 50 meters outdoors and a 10-meter hotspot radius indoors.
    Keywords: optical wireless communications (OWC), visible light communications (VLC), free space optics, infrared (IR) communications, millimeter-wave communications, 5G access ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJK Communications engineering / telecommunications::TJKW WAP (wireless) technology
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Applied mathematics
    Keywords: Mathematics & science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics::PBW Applied mathematics::PBWH Mathematical modelling
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Communications engineering / telecommunications
    Keywords: Technology, engineering, agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJK Communications engineering / telecommunications::TJKW WAP (wireless) technology
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Applied optics
    Keywords: Technology, engineering, agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTB Applied optics
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling remains a powerful tool in organic synthesis for C–C bond formation and has various industrial applications, for example, the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and materials. Intensive research efforts are being made into finding ways of improving and expanding the scope of this process, and the development of more efficient catalytic systems for this extremely important reaction is still a hot research topic of enormous academic and industrial interest. This Special Issue, consisting of four reviews, two communications and six articles, focuses on recent promising research and novel trends in the broad field of Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling employing a range of different palladium catalysts. Homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysis in organic or aqueous medium, using conventional conditions or non-conventional techniques such as microwave and ultrasound irradiation, grinding and photo-activated processes as green chemistry approaches, as well as continuous flow technology are included. The catalysts described herein are unsupported metal complexes, catalysts immobilized on solid supports, ligand-free catalytic systems or metal nanoparticles.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Phosphane-free ligand ; Metal nanoparticles ; Heterogeneous catalysis ; Cross-coupling ; Multiphase catalysis ; C-C bond formation ; Phosphane ligand ; Homogeneous catalysis ; Metal complex ; Noble metals ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This chapter presents the fate of the charge carriers from the moment of its photogeneration in the perovskite to injection and transport into electrodes. Time-resolved electrical measurement techniques, terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and microwave (MW) conductivity, are primarily used to deconvolute ultrafast processes and to directly access behavior of charged species from the ps to µs timescales. Transient absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy were also utilized to gain insight on carrier population dynamics and radiatively recombining charges. Photogenerated charged species were converted into highly mobile charges (µe = 12.5 cm2V-1s-1 and µh = 7.5 cm2V-1s-1) almost instantaneously (〈 0.2 ps), while the remaining loosely bounded excitons dissociate into mobile charges after 2-3 ps. This high mobility is maintained for at least 1 ns as obtained by THz spectroscopy, while its lifetime is at least few tens of µs as measured by the MW conductivity technique. Lowering the temperature increases carrier mobilities with T-1.6.Dependence and a 75 meV barrier energy is required for temperature-activated recombination. Finally, injection of hole from MAPbI3 to Spiro-OMeTAD was found to be ultrafast and the state and population of dark holes dictate its recombination.
    Keywords: THz spectroscopy, Time-resolved Microwave Conductivity (TRMC), photoconductivity, mobility ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering::THV Alternative and renewable energy sources and technology
    Language: English
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