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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The most important environmental challenge today's society is facing is to reduce the effects of CO2 emissions and global warming. Such an ambitious challenge can only be achieved through a holistic approach, capable of tackling the problem from a multidisciplinary point of view. One of the core technologies called to play a critical role in this approach is the use of energy storage systems. These systems enable, among other things, the balancing of the stochastic behavior of Renewable Sources and Distributed Generation in modern Energy Systems; the efficient supply of industrial and consumer loads; the development of efficient and clean transport; and the development of Nearly-Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) and intelligent cities. Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS) consist of two (or more) storage devices with complementary key characteristics, that are able to behave jointly with better performance than any of the technologies considered individually. Recent developments in storage device technologies, interface systems, control and monitoring techniques, or visualization and information technologies have driven the implementation of HESS in many industrial, commercial and domestic applications. This Special Issue focuses on the analysis, design and implementation of hybrid energy storage systems across a broad spectrum, encompassing different storage technologies (including electrochemical, capacitive, mechanical or mechanical storage devices), engineering branches (power electronics and control strategies; energy engineering; energy engineering; chemistry; modelling, simulation and emulation techniques; data analysis and algorithms; social and economic analysis; intelligent and Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems; and so on.), applications (energy systems, renewable energy generation, industrial applications, transportation, Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) and critical load supply, etc.) and evaluation and performance (size and weight benefits, efficiency and power loss, economic analysis, environmental costs, etc.).
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; high gain converters ; power systems modeling ; load flow analysis ; pumped storage ; shipboard power systems ; storage ; hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) ; buck-boost converter ; state of charge ; active power control ; rail transportation power systems ; lithium-ion batteries ; microgrids ; energy storage ; microgrid ; power-line signaling ; battery energy storage system (BESS) ; power electronic converters ; single-phase ; load modeling ; ultracapacitors ; smart home (SH) ; fault ride-through capability ; renewable energy sources ; battery management system ; multiport ; photovoltaic ; fuel cell (FC) ; DC power systems ; hybrid ; energy storage system ; micro combined heat and power (micro-CHP) system ; power quality ; solar photovoltaic ; electric vehicle (EV) ; energy storage technologies ; hybrid storage systems ; real coded genetic algorithm (RCGA) ; storage operation and maintenance costs ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Environmental problems derived from the massive use of conventional energy resources are one of the main issues that our society has been facing in recent decades. Renewable energies (and particularly solar energy) have become a highly competitive means to meet the world’s increasing energy demands in a sustainable and clean manner. One of the key research challenges for the commercial deployment of several solar energy technologies is focused on the development of feasible and durable coatings that withstand appropriate optical and thermal performance over the lifetime of the solar facilities. This book addresses a number of relevant aspects related to coatings for renewable energies, including a deep survey of coatings used in photovoltaic solar energy, the development of a superhydrophobic and thermal stable silica coating that is potentially suitable for various industrial applications related to renewable technologies, the development of coatings to improve the resistance of structural materials used in concentrating solar thermal technologies with molten salts, and several research works related to solar reflectors for concentrating solar thermal technologies (such us the advanced analysis of the corrosion, the suitability of anti-soiling coatings, and the development of top protective coatings for high-temperature secondary concentrators).
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; concentrated solar power ; corrosion product ; X-ray diffraction ; third element effect ; corroded solar reflector ; light trapping ; concentrating solar thermal energy ; soiling rate ; optical design ; silica coating ; Raman spectroscopy ; pack cementation ; solar reflector ; solar hemispherical reflectance ; outdoor test ; cleaning method ; thin film ; monochromatic specular reflectance ; secondary reflector ; sputtering ; temperature stability ; anti-soiling coating ; molten nitrate corrosion ; improved measurement method ; solar energy ; thin film a-Si: H ; superhydrophobic surface ; HiPIMS ; reflectance corrosion ; sol-gel ; polycrystalline ; organic solar cell ; concentrated solar thermal power ; GIXRD ; scopus ; material solar cell ; protected silver ; grade 91 steel ; Cr-diffusion coating ; corrosion rate ; coatings ; reflector ; water saving ; Al-diffusion coating ; reflectance measurement ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The millimeter-wave frequency band (30–300 GHz) is considered a potential candidate to host very high data rate communications. First used for high capacity radio links and then for broadband indoor wireless networks, the interest in this frequency band has increased as it is proposed to accommodate future 5G mobile communication systems. The large bandwidth available will enable a number of new uses for 5G. In addition, due to the large propagation attenuation, this frequency band may provide some additional advantages regarding frequency reuse and communication security. However, a number of issues have to be addressed to make mm-wave communications viable. This book collects a number of contributions that present solutions to these challenges.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; OFDM ; FPGA ; high-efficiency ; hybrid analog–digital multi-user equalizer ; recovery times ; millimeter-wave ; macrodiversity ; mmWave ; additive manufactuing ; testbed ; sub-connected architectures ; low noise amplifier ; varactor diodes ; channel measurements ; SDR ; permittivity ; package ; coherence bandwidth ; radio channel ; beam steering antenna system ; millimeter wave ; 5G ; beam scanning ; link blockage ; 3D-printed antenna ; undoped silicon ; variable phase shifter ; planar lens ; massive MIMO ; indoor ; path loss ; millimeter wave communications ; analog precoder ; GaAs pHEMT ; diode compensation ; parabolic ; K-band ; temperature ; Yagi antenna ; waveguide ; quasi-optics ; measurements ; power amplifier ; UHD stream ; discrete lens ; 3D-printing ; 3-D printing ; SIW technology ; time-dispersion ; transition ; free space method ; correlated blocking ; multi-beam ; delay-spread ; tapered matching ; linearity enhancement ; wideband ; RF frontends ; line-of-sight ; transmitarray antenna ; analog beamforming ; beam recovery ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Visual sensors are able to capture a large quantity of information from the environment around them. A wide variety of visual systems can be found, from the classical monocular systems to omnidirectional, RGB-D, and more sophisticated 3D systems. Every configuration presents some specific characteristics that make them useful for solving different problems. Their range of applications is wide and varied, including robotics, industry, agriculture, quality control, visual inspection, surveillance, autonomous driving, and navigation aid systems. In this book, several problems that employ visual sensors are presented. Among them, we highlight visual SLAM, image retrieval, manipulation, calibration, object recognition, navigation, etc.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; recognition algorithm ; n/a ; 3D ConvNets ; consistent line clustering ; skeletal data ; fused point and line feature matching ; soft decision tree ; texture retrieval ; vision system ; laser sensor ; neural network ; iris segmentation ; correlation filters ; embedded systems ; underwater imaging ; stereo vision ; seam-line ; image processing ; quality control ; dynamic programming ; visual information fusion ; semantic segmentation ; parallel line ; textile retrieval ; structure extraction ; line scan camera ; orientation relevance ; measurement error ; rotation-angle ; star image prediction ; convolutional neural network (CNN) ; tightly-coupled VIO ; visual sensors ; stereo ; parking assist system ; visual detection ; omnidirectional imaging ; RGB-D SLAM ; narrow butt joint ; appearance-temporal features ; vision-guided robotic grasping ; scale invariance ; support vector machine (SVM) ; straight wing aircraft ; statistical information of gray-levels differences ; Local Binary Patterns ; robotics ; mobile robots ; textile localization ; indoor environment ; CLOSIB ; geometric moments ; perceptually uniform histogram ; single-shot 3D shape measurement ; salient region detection ; person re-identification ; calibration ; stereo camera ; simplified initialization strategy ; LSTM ; SLAM ; image mosaic ; convolutional neural network ; lane marking detection ; finger alphabet ; robot manipulation ; patrol robot ; inverse compositional Gauss-Newton algorithm ; checkerboard ; action localization ; hybrid histogram descriptor ; pivotal frames ; lane marking reconstruction ; warp function ; visual localization ; RGB-D ; automatic calibration ; Siamese network ; object recognition ; human visual system ; LRF ; Gray code ; visual tracking ; motion-aware ; visual odometry ; adaptive update strategy ; Manhattan frame estimation ; vibration ; confidence response map ; lane marking ; 3D reconstruction ; indoor visual SLAM ; pose estimation ; global feature descriptor ; sweet pepper ; texture classification ; ego-motion estimation ; pose estimates ; planes intersection ; adaptive model ; support vector machines ; motif co-occurrence histogram ; handshape recognition ; non-rigid reconstruction ; camera calibration ; map representation ; optical flow ; robotic welding ; FOV ; background dictionary ; appearance based model ; Visual Sensors ; spatial transformation ; star sensor ; image retrieval ; depth vision ; iterative closest point ; automated design ; semantic mapping ; regression based model ; seam tracking ; image binarization ; GTAW ; boosted decision tree ; pedestrian detection ; presentation attack detection ; visible light and near-infrared light camera sensors ; large field of view ; fringe projection profilometry ; sensors combination ; catadioptric sensor ; RGB-D sensor ; texture description ; UAV image ; motion estimation ; extrinsic calibration ; visual sensor ; advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) ; content-based image retrieval ; action segmentation ; stereo-vision ; visual mapping ; around view monitor (AVM) system ; illumination ; speed measurement ; Richardson-Lucy algorithm ; digital image correlation ; point cloud ; receptive field correspondence ; human visual attention ; camera pose ; sign language ; symmetry axis ; end-to-end architecture ; local parallel cross pattern ; iris recognition ; depth image registration ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The focus of this Special Issue is aimed at enhancing the discussion of Engineering Education, particularly related to technological and professional learning. In the 21st century, students face a challenging demand: they are expected to have the best scientific expertise, but also highly developed social skills and qualities like teamwork, creativity, communication, or leadership. Even though students and teachers are becoming more aware of this necessity, there is still a gap between academic life and the professional world. In this Special Edition Book, the reader can find works tackling interesting topics such as educational resources addressing students’ development of competencies, the importance of final year projects linked to professional environments, and multicultural or interdisciplinary challenges.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; edutainment ; creative commons license ; matching under preferences ; European Project Semester ; teaching and research staff ; eco-design ; capstone project ; active learning ; automation ; Fluid Mechanics ; eco-efficiency ; infotainment ; OER developmental challenges ; rubrics ; project management ; undergraduate engineering program ; transnational education ; engineering classroom practices ; OER adaptation ; railway engineering ; competences ; interactive technology ; digital engineering ; project allocations ; teaching approaches ; Practical Work ; assessments and evaluations ; student engagement ; CAD/CAM ; Assessment ; robotics ; OER creation ; flexible manufacturing system ; Industry 4.0 ; engineering education ; professional competencies ; final project ; student-centered learning ; supervision ; clickers ; accreditation ; circular Economy ; learning objectives ; final year project ; constructive alignment ; environmental educational materials ; Engineering Education ; industrial communications ; Students Perceptions ; 4C2S analysis framework ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The microstructures of both martensite and bainite, although sharing some common features, depict a plethora of subtle differences that made them unique when studied in further detail. Tailoring the final properties of a microstructure based on one or the other as well as in combination with others and exploring more sophisticated concepts, such as Q&P and nanostructured bainite, are the topics which are the focus of research around the world. In understanding the key microstructural parameters controlling the final properties as well as definition of adequate process parameters to attain the desired microstructures requires that a proper understanding of the mechanism ruling their transformation and a detailed characterization first be acheived. The development of new and powerful scientific techniques and equipment (EBSD, APT, HRTEM, etc.) allow us to gain fundamental insights that help to establish some of the principles by which those microstructures are known. The developments accompanying such findings lead to further developments and intensive research providing the required metallurgical support.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA401-492 ; n/a ; TRIP ; tempering ; modeling ; microstructure ; nanobainite ; lenticular martensite ; stainless steel ; carbonitrides precipitation ; carbide precipitation ; bainitic ferrite ; EBSD ; hot rolling ; fatigue ; transmission Kikuchi diffraction ; transmission electron microscopy ; medium-Mn steel ; dilatometry ; industrialization ; molybdenum ; ausforming ; offshore steels ; welding ; Q&amp ; creep resistant steels ; inductive measurements ; metastable austenite ; retained austenite ; mechanical properties ; martensite ; carbon partitioning ; transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) ; thermomechanical treatment ; phase transformation ; transformation kinetics ; kinetics ; MX nanoprecipitates ; phase equilibrium ; steel ; electron backscattering diffraction ; titanium ; impact toughness ; surface modification ; bainitic/martensitic ferrite ; retained austenite stability ; dilatation behavior ; P ; tempered martensite embrittlement ; yield strength ; bainite ; high strength steel ; tensile ductility ; synchrotron ; niobium ; microalloyed steels ; ultrahigh strength steel ; low temperature bainite ; strain-induced martensite ; plate thickness ; ferritic/martensitic steel ; austenite decomposition ; nitrocarburising ; high carbon steels ; Kernel average misorientation ; austempering ; martensitic steel ; HEXRD ; direct quenched ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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