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  • 1
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    Arctic permafrost atlas (2023)
    Arendal : GRID-Arendal
    Details
    Call number: E-book
    Description / Table of Contents: This atlas is an attempt to translate and consolidate the available knowledge on permafrost. It is a timely book suffused with the compelling enthusiasm of its authors and contributors. Close to a hundred individuals participated in its making, and it does a magnificent job at describing permafrost with maps, words, art, and stories. Far from being an academic product in the traditional sense, it gathers the knowledge from the voices of scientists, Indigenous Peoples, northern residents, and local practitioners to provide a holistic and inclusive view of today’s challenges in the “country of permafrost”.
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    URL: https://www.grida.no/publications/998
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Foreword Prologue Earth’s Freezer: Introduction to Permafrost Frozen grounds: Permafrost in the Arctic Permafrost in profile: Landscape features Frozen in time: The history of permafrost An icy balance: Arctic permafrost physiography What lies within: Organic carbon in permafrost When ice grows up: Pingo Canadian Landmark Drilling down: Learning the secrets of permafrost Portrait: Annett Bartsch Un/settled: Life on frozen ground Frozen States I: Russian Federation Portrait: Vyacheslav Shadrin Frozen States II: North America Portrait: Jessi Pascal Frozen States III: Nordic region Portrait: Palle Jeremiassen Awakening Giant: Permafrost and Climate Change Warming up, warming down: Increasing ground temperatures The chill is gone: Thickening of the active layer Disappearing act: Declining permafrost extent Microorganisms, macro effects: Permafrost carbon cycle Faster, deeper, stronger I: Speed of thaw in North America Faster, deeper, stronger II: Speed of thaw in Scandinavia and the Russian Federation Crossing the threshold: Future scenarios of carbon release Portrait: Dmitry Streletskiy Moving Grounds: Permafrost Changes Frost and flora: The role of vegetation in permafrost landscapes Fire on ice: Peat, permafrost, and fire State of matter: Water, snow, and permafrost The rivers run through it: Arctic rivers, deltas and hydrology Along the edge of the world: Arctic coastal classification Wear and tear: Erosion of Arctic permafrost coasts Eating into the landscape: Retrogressive thaw slumps Portrait: Angus Alunik Losing ground: Projected rates of Arctic coastal erosion Beneath the waves: Changes in subsea permafrost Arctic Ripples: Impacts of Permafrost Thaw Feeling the heat: Permafrost thaw impacts on infrastructure Risky business I: North American Arctic and Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) Risky business II: The Russian Federation and Scandinavian Arctic Terra infirma I: Coastal infrastructure in Yamalo-Nenets Portrait: Susanna Gartler Terra infirma II: Reinforcing runways in Paulatuk Terra infirma III: Keeping cold food cold in Alaska Terra infirma IV: Urban planning in Ilulissat Nothing in isolation: Health and wellness and permafrost Portrait: Gwen Healey Akearok Toxic grounds: Contaminants and environmental health Coming back to life: Reemerging pathogens Frozen assets I: The formal economy Frozen assets II: Traditional and subsistence activities Cultural homeland: Alaas landscapes in Yakutia Holding Tight: Adaptation to Permafrost Thaw Bumpy road ahead: Transportation infrastructure and permafrost Undermined: Mining infrastructure and permafrost Keeping the light on: Energy infrastructure and permafrost No time to waste: Waste management and permafrost Modern history: Preserving Svalbard’s cultural heritage Portrait: Ingrid Rekkavik Going South: Permafrost in Other Areas A planetary perspective: Permafrost outside the Arctic Frozen giants: Permafrost in the mountains The view from the top: The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Hindu Kush Himalaya, and Andes Europe’s frozen heart: Permafrost in the Alps The ends of the Earth I: Permafrost in Antarctica The ends of the Earth II: Antarctic Peninsula The ends of the Earth III: Queen Maud Land, Victoria Land, and the McMurdo Dry Valleys Over the Horizon Authors and contributors Acknowledgments Artist spotlight: Olga Borjon-Privé (Oluko) Artist spotlight: Katie Orlinsky Glossary Acronyms References
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  • 2
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Arctic permafrost atlas (2023)
    Arendal : GRID-Arendal
    Details Availability
    Call number: AWI G3-24-95728
    Description / Table of Contents: This atlas is an attempt to translate and consolidate the available knowledge on permafrost. It is a timely book suffused with the compelling enthusiasm of its authors and contributors. Close to a hundred individuals participated in its making, and it does a magnificent job at describing permafrost with maps, words, art, and stories. Far from being an academic product in the traditional sense, it gathers the knowledge from the voices of scientists, Indigenous Peoples, northern residents, and local practitioners to provide a holistic and inclusive view of today’s challenges in the “country of permafrost”.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 174 Seiten , Illustrationen
    URL: https://www.grida.no/publications/998
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Foreword Prologue Earth’s Freezer: Introduction to Permafrost Frozen grounds: Permafrost in the Arctic Permafrost in profile: Landscape features Frozen in time: The history of permafrost An icy balance: Arctic permafrost physiography What lies within: Organic carbon in permafrost When ice grows up: Pingo Canadian Landmark Drilling down: Learning the secrets of permafrost Portrait: Annett Bartsch Un/settled: Life on frozen ground Frozen States I: Russian Federation Portrait: Vyacheslav Shadrin Frozen States II: North America Portrait: Jessi Pascal Frozen States III: Nordic region Portrait: Palle Jeremiassen Awakening Giant: Permafrost and Climate Change Warming up, warming down: Increasing ground temperatures The chill is gone: Thickening of the active layer Disappearing act: Declining permafrost extent Microorganisms, macro effects: Permafrost carbon cycle Faster, deeper, stronger I: Speed of thaw in North America Faster, deeper, stronger II: Speed of thaw in Scandinavia and the Russian Federation Crossing the threshold: Future scenarios of carbon release Portrait: Dmitry Streletskiy Moving Grounds: Permafrost Changes Frost and flora: The role of vegetation in permafrost landscapes Fire on ice: Peat, permafrost, and fire State of matter: Water, snow, and permafrost The rivers run through it: Arctic rivers, deltas and hydrology Along the edge of the world: Arctic coastal classification Wear and tear: Erosion of Arctic permafrost coasts Eating into the landscape: Retrogressive thaw slumps Portrait: Angus Alunik Losing ground: Projected rates of Arctic coastal erosion Beneath the waves: Changes in subsea permafrost Arctic Ripples: Impacts of Permafrost Thaw Feeling the heat: Permafrost thaw impacts on infrastructure Risky business I: North American Arctic and Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) Risky business II: The Russian Federation and Scandinavian Arctic Terra infirma I: Coastal infrastructure in Yamalo-Nenets Portrait: Susanna Gartler Terra infirma II: Reinforcing runways in Paulatuk Terra infirma III: Keeping cold food cold in Alaska Terra infirma IV: Urban planning in Ilulissat Nothing in isolation: Health and wellness and permafrost Portrait: Gwen Healey Akearok Toxic grounds: Contaminants and environmental health Coming back to life: Reemerging pathogens Frozen assets I: The formal economy Frozen assets II: Traditional and subsistence activities Cultural homeland: Alaas landscapes in Yakutia Holding Tight: Adaptation to Permafrost Thaw Bumpy road ahead: Transportation infrastructure and permafrost Undermined: Mining infrastructure and permafrost Keeping the light on: Energy infrastructure and permafrost No time to waste: Waste management and permafrost Modern history: Preserving Svalbard’s cultural heritage Portrait: Ingrid Rekkavik Going South: Permafrost in Other Areas A planetary perspective: Permafrost outside the Arctic Frozen giants: Permafrost in the mountains The view from the top: The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Hindu Kush Himalaya, and Andes Europe’s frozen heart: Permafrost in the Alps The ends of the Earth I: Permafrost in Antarctica The ends of the Earth II: Antarctic Peninsula The ends of the Earth III: Queen Maud Land, Victoria Land, and the McMurdo Dry Valleys Over the Horizon Authors and contributors Acknowledgments Artist spotlight: Olga Borjon-Privé (Oluko) Artist spotlight: Katie Orlinsky Glossary Acronyms References
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  • 3
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    Toward Better Constrained Scattering Models for Natural Ice Crystals in the Visible Region (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-23
    Description: In this work, we introduce a method for constraining the optical scattering models of natural ice crystals based on in‐situ measurements. Specifically the measured angular scattering functions for ice crystals can be used to compute a set of the asymmetry parameter (g) and the corresponding complexity parameter (C〈sub〉p〈/sub〉). It is demonstrated that the g‐C〈sub〉p〈/sub〉 relation can give valuable information on the morphology of ice crystal. The validity of the methods is shown from theoretical perspectives and the geometric‐optics ray‐tracing simulations. As an application, we investigate rimed ice crystals from in‐situ measurements and found that (a) the C〈sub〉p〈/sub〉 parameter is very well correlated with the surface riming degree and (b) only those models with both roughness and internal scattering can explain the observed g‐C〈sub〉p〈/sub〉 relation for rimed particles.
    Description: Plain Language Summary: Light scattering models of ice crystals are important for remote sensing and climate studies. Yet, many physical parameters, such as shape, aspect ratio, and inhomogeneity of the ice crystal can impose significant uncertainty in the single‐scattering properties predicted by light scattering models. To reduce such uncertainty and constrain the physical parameters in modeling, we introduce a novel method by analyzing the in‐situ measurement of the phase functions of ice crystals. We demonstrate the validity and usefulness of the method using both geometric ray‐tracing simulations and a case study on rimed crystals from two campaigns.
    Description: Key Points: A method is developed for analyzing in‐situ polar nephelometer measurements, aiming for constraining the light scattering models for natural ice crystal. Validity of the method is demonstrated by geometric‐optics ray‐tracing simulations and in‐situ measurements. A case study of rimed crystals measured in‐situ during two aircraft field campaigns using the Particle Habit Imaging and Polar Scattering probe is presented.
    Description: Helmholtz Association's Initiative and Networking Fund
    Description: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.902611
    Description: https://doi.org/10.5065/D6639NKQ
    Description: https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/440147565
    Keywords: ddc:551.5 ; light scattering ; ice crystals
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 4
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    Ice wedge polygon stability on steep slopes in West Greenland related to temperature and moisture dynamics of the active layer (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-15
    Description: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉Ice wedge polygons on steep slopes have generally been described as being covered by periglacial sediments and, typically, the active layer on slopes becomes mobile during thaw periods, which can lead to solifluction. In West Greenland close to the ice margin, however, the active layer and ice wedge polygons are stable despite their occurrence on steep slopes with inclinations of ≥30°. We conducted a soil survey (including sampling for soil analyses and radiocarbon dating) in the Umimmalissuaq valley and installed a field station ~4 km east of the current ice margin to monitor soil temperature and water tension at depths of 10, 20 and 35 cm of the active layer on a steep, north‐facing slope in the middle of an ice wedge polygon from 2009 to 2015. Thawing and freezing periods lasted between 2 and 3 months and the active layer was usually completely frozen from November to April. We observed simultaneous and complete water saturation at all three depths of the active layer in one summer for 1 day. The amount of water in the active layer apparently was not enough to trigger solifluction during the summer thaw, even at slope inclinations above 30°. In addition, the dense shrub tundra absorbs most of the water during periods between thawing and freezing, which further stabilizes the slope. This process, together with the dry and continental climate caused by katabatic winds combined with no or limited frost heave, plays a crucial role in determining the stability of these slopes and can explain the presence of large‐scale stable ice wedge polygon networks in organic matter‐rich permafrost, which is about 5,000 years old. This study underlines the importance of soil hydrodynamics and local climate regime for landscape stability and differing intensities of solifluction processes in areas with strong geomorphological gradients and rising air temperatures.〈/p〉
    Keywords: ddc:551.3 ; permafrost ; soil temperature ; soil water tension ; solifluction
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Global Austria (2023)
    University of New Orleans Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: After the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, Austria transformed itself from an empire to a small Central European country. Formerly an important player in international affairs, the new republic was quickly sidelined by the European concert of powers. Austria's post-Habsburg state suffered from enormous losses of territory and population. However, these losses did not hamper the country's innovative spirit. The essays in this twentieth anniversary volume of Contemporary Austrian Studies argue that Austria found its place in the global arena of the twentieth century, making its mark on both Europe and the world. From Freudian psychoanalysis to Auto-Marxist thought and the Austrian School of Economics, Austrian ideas continued to be vital to the intellectual community at large. Vienna remained the Austrian capital and reasserted its strong position in Central European and international business and finance. This volume also examines how increasing globalization in the 20th century impacted Austrian demography, society, and political life. Specifically, the essays discuss how Austria's place in the contemporary world became increasingly determined by the European integration process.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; European Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    The Schüssel Era in Austria (2023)
    University of New Orleans Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The first volume published as a joint venture by University of New Orleans Press and Innsbruck University Press, Volume 18 in Contemporary Austrian Studies focuses on the lasting impact of Wolfgang Schüssel, who was a dominant political figure in Austrian politics for 20 years. This volume gives readers an understanding of what makes Schüssel's imprint on Austrian politics so undeniably significant. Holding several government positions during his career, Schüssel is best known for his two terms as Chancellor of Austria (2000-2007). While he was responsible for large-scale reforms such as trimming the hidebound pension system and giving more autonomy to higher education, in the process he undermined Austria's consensual social partnership. His record of supporting the European Union agenda is ambivalent, and Austrian public opinion in support of the EU declined precipitously during his time in office. In spite of his superb tactical and negotiating skills, he failed to achieve broad popular acceptance for his ambitious reforms. Volume 18 features essays by Peter Gerlich, Fritz Plasser/Peter Ulram, Heinrich Neisser, Reinhard Heinisch, Heinrich Niesser, Johannes Ditz, Josef Leidenfrost, Anton Pelinka et al., as well as a forum on the "disturbing creativity" of Austrian artists, book reviews, and the review of Austrian politics.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; European Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    From Empire to Republic (2023)
    University of New Orleans Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The 18 essays in this volume offer innovative scholarship on the difficult transition from empire to republic for the small state of Austria, newly created by the Allied peacemakers in Paris in 1919. They also deal with the complex challenges posed by nation building after a major war, including the ambiguity inherent in the creation of new institutions in politics, economics, social life, and culture. In 1919 the government of the fledgling Republic of Austria was confronting revolutionary turmoil in the streets of Vienna, a near-total collapse of the agricultural and industrial economies, and the fallout of a crushing military defeat. In addition, the government was overburdened by the sheer number of new veterans, including the over 100,000 wounded soldiers returning from the frontlines. The redrawn Austrian borders produced a loss of German ethnics and major demographic shifts. Austrians—no longer dominant in a vast empire—were uncertain of their standing. In spite of ideological conflict between the major political camps, Austria experienced a cultural and educational revival—one that proved essential to forging a new national identity.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; Military Studies ; European Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history::NHWR Specific wars and campaigns::NHWR5 First World War ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999::3MPB Early 20th century c 1900 to c 1950::3MPBF c 1910 to c 1919::3MPBFB c 1914 to c 1918 (World War One period) ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Austrian Lives (2023)
    University of New Orleans Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The writing of lives is always situated between fact and fiction, ascertainable data and the imagination of the biographer. Using a variety of biographical techniques, Austrian Lives offers a fascinating cross-section of recent Austrian experience. A major focus of this collection is Austrian intellectual and political figures through the twentieth century. Volume 21 presents an array of political lives, including portraits of Ignaz Seipel and Therese Schlesinger-Eckstein. The essay "Lives of the Mind" offers perspectives of intellectuals in pre- and post-World War II Vienna such as Viktor Frankl and Eugenie Schwarzwald. These more traditional biographies are complemented by studies of ordinary Austrians in wartime Vienna. Accounts of the lives of soldiers, prisoners of war, and farming families provide insight into often overlooked perspectives, while creating a more complete picture of recent Austrian history.
    Keywords: History ; European Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Quantification of urban mitigation potentials - coping with data heterogeneity (2023)
    In:  Heliyon
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-18
    Description: Cities are at the forefront of European and international climate action. However, in many cities, the ever-growing urban population is putting pressure on settlement and infrastructure development, increasing attention to urban planning, infrastructure and buildings. This paper introduces a set of quantification approaches, capturing impacts of urban planning measures in three fields of action: sustainable building, transport and redensification. The quantification approaches have been developed to account for different levels of data availability, thus providing users with quantification approaches that are applicable across cities. The mitigation potentials of various measures such as a modal shift, the substitution of building materials with wood, and different redensification scenarios were calculated. The substitution of conventional building materials with wood was analyzed as having a high mitigation potential. Building construction, in combination with urban planning and design, are key drivers for mitigating climate change in cities. Given the data heterogeneity among cities, mixed quantification approaches could be defined and the measures and policy areas with the greatest climate mitigation potential identified.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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