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On the potentially dramatic history of the super-Earth {rho} 55 Cancri e (2015)

Hansen, B. M. S., Zink, J.

Oxford University Press

In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-05-24

Beschreibung: We demonstrate that tidal evolution of the inner planet (‘e’) of the system orbiting the star 55 Cancri could have led to passage through two secular resonances with other planets in the system. The consequence of this evolution is excitation of both the planetary eccentricity and inclination relative to the original orbital plane. The large mass ratio between the innermost planet and the others means that these excitations can be of substantial amplitude and can have dramatic consequences for the system organization. Such evolution can potentially explain the large observed mutual inclination between the innermost and outermost planets in the system, and implies that tidal heating could have substantially modified the structure of planet e, and possibly reduced its mass by Roche lobe overflow. Similar inner secular resonances may be found in many multiple planet systems and suggest that many of the innermost planets in these systems could have suffered similar evolutions.

Print ISSN: 0035-8711

Digitale ISSN: 1365-2966

Thema: Physik

Publiziert von Oxford University Press

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Insertion of an SVA-E retrotransposon into the CASP8 gene is associated with protection against prostate cancer (2016)

Stacey, S. N., Kehr, B., Gudmundsson, J., Zink, F., Jonasdottir, A., Gudjonsson, S. A., Sigurdsson, A., Halldorsson, B. V., Agnarsson, B. A., Benediktsdottir, K. R., Aben, K. K. H., Vermeulen, S. H., Cremers, R. G., Panadero, A., Helfand, B. T., Cooper, P. R., Donovan, J. L., Hamdy, F. C., Jinga, V., Okamoto, I., Jonasson, J. G., Tryggvadottir, L., Johannsdottir, H., Kristinsdottir, A. M., Masson, G., Magnusson, O. T., Iordache, P. D., Helgason, A., Helgason, H., Sulem, P., Gudbjartsson, D. F., Kong, A., Jonsson, E., Barkardottir, R. B., Einarsson, G. V., Rafnar, T., Thorsteinsdottir, U., Mates, I. N., Neal, D. E., Catalona, W. J., Mayordomo, J. I., Kiemeney, L. A., Thorleifsson, G., Stefansson, K.

Oxford University Press

In: Human Molecular Genetics

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-02-16

Beschreibung: Transcriptional and splicing anomalies have been observed in intron 8 of the CASP8 gene (encoding procaspase-8) in association with cutaneous basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) and linked to a germline SNP rs700635. Here, we show that the rs700635[C] allele, which is associated with increased risk of BCC and breast cancer, is protective against prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 0.91, P = 1.0 x 10 –6 ]. rs700635[C] is also associated with failures to correctly splice out CASP8 intron 8 in breast and prostate tumours and in corresponding normal tissues. Investigation of rs700635[C] carriers revealed that they have a human-specific short interspersed element-variable number of tandem repeat- Alu (SINE-VNTR- Alu ), subfamily-E retrotransposon (SVA-E) inserted into CASP8 intron 8. The SVA-E shows evidence of prior activity, because it has transduced some CASP8 sequences during subsequent retrotransposition events. Whole-genome sequence (WGS) data were used to tag the SVA-E with a surrogate SNP rs1035142[T] ( r 2 = 0.999), which showed associations with both the splicing anomalies ( P = 6.5 x 10 –32 ) and with protection against prostate cancer (OR = 0.91, P = 3.8 x 10 –7 ).

Print ISSN: 0964-6906

Digitale ISSN: 1460-2083

Thema: Biologie , Medizin