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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cantharidin production in a blister beetle (1993)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 49 (1993), S. 171-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Meloidae ; Epicauta funebris ; chemical defense ; biosynthesis ; terpenoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cantharidin, a potent defensive chemical, is present in all ten life stages of the blister beetleEpicauta funebris. The first five larval stages accumulate cantharidin as they feed and grow in size. When disturbed, they exude cantharidin in a milky oral fluid, not in hemolymph which adult beetles reflexively discharge from leg joints. Two subsequent larval stages and the pupa do not feed, grow, regurgitate, or change in their defensive reserves (110 μg cantharidin/insect, regardless of sex). Adult beetles kept in isolation for 60–90 d exhibit a pronounced sexual dimorphism in cantharidin production: the male biosynthesizes about 17 mg of the toxin, representing 10% of his live weight, whereas the female actually loses most of her defensive reserves. But in the wild a female beetle repeatedly acquires cantharidin as copulatory gifts from her mates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01989424
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Systemic retention of ingested cantharidin by frogs (1990)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 1 (1990), S. 57-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Keywords: toxin sequestration ; predation ; human dietary hazard ; cantharidin ; Coleoptera ; Meloidae ; Epicauta vittata ; Rana ; Hirudo ; Nerodia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Frogs(Rana pipiens) fed on blister beetles (Meloidae) or cantharidin, retain cantharidin systemically. After cessation of feeding, they void the compound relatively quickly. Systemic cantharidin does not protect frogs against ectoparasitic feeding by leeches(Hirudo medicinalis) or predation by snakes(Nerodia sipedon). As suggested by our data, and from reports in the early literature, ingestion of cantharidin-containing frogs can pose a health threat to humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01325229
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cantharidin biosynthesis in a blister beetle: Inhibition by 6-fluoromevalonate causes chemical disarmament (1986)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 42 (1986), S. 853-854 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Lytta polita ; chemical defense ; cantharidin ; terpenoids ; fluorine ; metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Biosynthesis of cantharidin in a blister beetle,Lytta polita, is effectively inhibited by 6-fluoromevalonate. Inhibition is attributed specifically to the fluorine substituent. Biochemical inhibition has not been demonstrated previously for an arthropod's defensive substance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01941552
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of cantharidin in false blister beetles (Coleoptera, Oedemeridae) from florida (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 741-747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Cantharidin ; defense ; chemical ; vesicant ; antifeedant ; Heliocis repanda ; Oxycopis thoracica ; Coleoptera ; Oedemeridae ; sexual dimorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Cantharidin, a potent vesicant and antifeedant, is identified for the first time in two oedemerid beetles from the western hemisphere. Amounts of the substance per beetle were found to range from 2 to 7 μg inHeliocis repanda and from 15 to 35 μg inOxycopis thoracica. Females had two to three times more cantharidin than males of the same species. Cantharidin loads of these beetles are sufficient to irritate human skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uniform rational approximation on large data sets (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1569-1575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: We report on a very effective program for uniform approximation of functions (or discrete data) by generalized rational functions of any number of variables over point sets so large that conventional methods are inapplicable. The points need not be arranged in a regular pattern, but if they are, the number of points is normally limited only by the computer time available. The program extends the differential correction algorithm discussed in an earlier article in this journal by combining it with a first Remes-type exchange procedure, while retaining the flexibility and robustness of differential correction. Furthermore, this algorithm is guaranteed to converge in theory. Testing has shown that, even when the point set is small enough for differential correction to be applied directly, this algorithm is usually faster. We discuss the algorithm and program along with several numerical examples, one of which involves more than three million data points. A FORTRAN listing with illustrative output can be obtained from the first author.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181011
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multilevel methods for temporal and spatial flow transition simulation in a rough channelSelected paper from the ‘BAIL VI Conference, Colorado, U.S.A. 1992’-Special Editor: Professor J.H.H. Miller. (1994)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 23-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Flow transition ; General geometry ; Multigrid ; Roughness ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: We investigate the instability of 2D incompressible flows in a rough planar channel by tracking the growth of the unstable mode in its early stage. We develop both second- and fourth-order finite difference methods on a staggered grid, together with a fully implicit time-marching scheme, using grid generation to accommodate fairly general geometries. A multigrid full approximation scheme based on the line-distributive relaxation method is used for fast convergence. For a 2D smooth channel, numerical results show good agreement with the analytic solution obtained from linear theory for small disturbances. Numerical results for a 2D channel with one and two roughness elements are analysed by Fourier analysis. They show how the roughness elements affect the growth of the perturbation.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650190104
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An efficient multigrid scheme for elliptic equations with discontinuous coefficients (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Applied Numerical Methods 8 (1992), S. 621-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 0748-8025
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An efficient multigrid scheme for elliptic equations with jump discontinuous coefficients is presented. It is based on a cell-centred grid and finite-volume method, with the diffusion coefficients at the jump interface being determined by a flux conservation condition. The diffusion coefficients on coarse grids are calculated by a simple restriction of the coefficients from the fine grid. An efficient interpolation operator, which is constructed by the so-called effective area law, is developed. Computational results for a two-dimensional scalar elliptic equation and for two-phase porous media flow show that the new scheme achieves multigrid efficiency typical of the constant-coefficient case.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1630080909
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