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  • Articles  (81)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (81)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (81)
  • 1965-1969  (46)
  • 1955-1959  (31)
  • 1940-1944  (4)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: S-Carboxymethyl (SCM) kerateine preparations from a range of keratins were fractionated by acid precipitation into low-sulfur (SCMKA) and high-sulfur (SCMKB) fractions. Amiono acid analyses and optical rotatory dispersion measurements on the SCMKA fractions from different keratins indicated that the proportion of α-helical material (30-64%) increased with increasing leucine and glutamic acid contents and decreased with increasing SCM-cysteine and proline contents. It is shown that these variations in α-helix contents are due mainly to differences in the conformations of the principal components of the SCMKA fractions, although there is also a smaller contribution arising from contamination with varying amounts of non helical components. The thiol + disulfide contents for the parent keratins were measured and compared with the SCM -cysteine contents of the solubilized fractions. In general the SCM-cysteine contents of the SCMKA fractions increased with increasing thiol + disulfide content of the parent keratin, but these values were not directly proportional. The extent of total supercontraction in 8M LiBr solution was measured for the parent keratins and shown to bear no significant relationship to their disulfide contents. From the extents of first-stage and total supercontractions the disulfide contents of the contractile structures in the fibers were calculated according to a model described previously and compared with the analytical values for the SCM -cysteine contents of the SCMKA and SCMKB fraction. Data for both fractions were consistent with the model in that they were in each case related to the calculated values by a constant factor. However, because of simplifying assumptions in the model, it was not possible to identity positively one or other of these protein fractions with the contractile elements in the fiber.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 10 (1959), S. 74-77 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: High Temperature Corrosion in Petrol Refining by Sulfur CompoundsAt temperatures above 260°C only stainless, highly alloyed steels resist the attack of the most corrosive agent in petrol refining which is hydrogen sulfide. For high temperature corrosion by hydrogen sulfide, the influences of the duration of wear, the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide, the pressure, the properties of the refined petrol and the quality of the steel are of essential importance besides of the effects of temperature. The author reports on last years investigations in BP-research station on the corrosion of stainless steels by hydrogen sulfide at high temperatures. The corrosion of the surface, the inter-crystalline corrosion and the stress corrosion of steels are discussed in detail.
    Notes: Dem Angriff des wesentlichsten korrosiven Agens in Erdölraffinerien, dem Schwefelwasserstoff, bei hohen Temperaturen (über 260°C) widerstehen praktisch ausschließlich rostfreie, hochlegierte Stähle. Bei der Hochtemperatur-Korrosion durch Schwefelwasserstoff sind neben der Temperatur auch Beanspruchungsdauer, Schwefelwasserstoff konzentration, Druck, Beschaffenheit des zu raffinierenden Öles und die Stahlqualität von Einfluß. Verfasser berichtet über die in den letzten Jahren in der BP-Research Station durchgeführten Untersuchungen über die Korrosion von rostfreien Stählen durch Schwefelwasserstoff bei hohen Temperaturen, wobei allgemeine Oberflächen-korrosion, interkristalline Korrosion und Spannungskorrosion der Stähle eingebend behandelt werden.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 17 (1966), S. 307-315 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on macroelements on pipelinesExternal corrosion of buried pipelines and tanks is often due to the formation of macroelements. these occur as a result of differentiated aeration, electrolytical composition, formation of surface layers, passivation, or contact between different metals, i.e. where there are local differences in the current/potential curves.The effect of, and results of measurementsfrom, macroelementsare described with the aid of three practical examples: 1long line currents of a pipeline in different geological strata,2aerated elements of protective casings and tanks, and3galvanic formation of cells in soils containing coke.With differentiated aeration, it does not necessarily follow that every compensating current has the effect that the corrosion rate of the less aerated electrode is higher than that of the better aerated electrode. Pit corrosion on aerated elements can only occur if, despite its more positive potential, the better aerated electrode has a lower corrosion rate than the less aerated electrode. This may happen if, because of a change in the PH value, the aerated electrode is strongly polarized or can become passivated with an electron-conductive cover layer.
    Notes: Die äußere Korrosion unterirdischer Rohrleitungen und Behälter ist oft auf die Ausbildung von Makroelementen zurückzuführen. Makroelemente treten bei unterirdischer Belüftung, elektrolytischer Zusammensetzung, Deckschichtenbildung, Passivierung oder bei Berührungen verschiedener Metalle auf, also kurz bei lokalen Unterschieden bei Strompotentialkurven.Wirkung und Meßergebnisse von Makroelementen werden an drei praktischen Beispielen beschrieben: 1Long line currents einer Fernleitung in unterschiedlichen geologischen Bodenformationen,2Belüftungeselemente von Schutzrohren and Lagerbehältern sowie3galvanische Elementbildung in kokshaltigen Böden.Bei unterschiedlicher Belüftung muß nicht bereits jeder Ausgleichstrom dazu führen, daß die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit der geringer belüfteten Elektrode die der besser belüfteten überwiegt. Lochfraßkorrosion bei Belüftungselementen ist nur dann möglich, wenn die besser belüftete Elektrode trotz ihres positiveren Potentials eine geringere Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit hat als die geringer belüftete Elektrode. Dies ist möglich, wenn die belüftete Elektrode infolge pH-Wert-Änderung stark polarisiert wird oder sich mit einer elektronenleitenden Deckschicht passivieren kann.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 103-110 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The drying of two highly porous thick textiles is studied and compared. Extremes are chosen in that one package is composed of a Terylene (British form of a polyester fiber) net fabric of open structure and the other of a woolen flannel of close structure. The cloths are wound as bobbins and dried by hot air streaming in a wind tunnel, the air flowing parallel to the axis of the cylinder of material. The weight of water as drying progresses is measured by a balance, and thermocouples within the bobbin provide a temperature record.On investigation of the thermal conductivity of the dry structure, it is found that whereas the coefficient for the wool-air mixture is constant throughout, the coefficient for the Terylene-air mixture applies only in the depths, the apparent thermal conductivity growing larger toward the surface and with increasing air speed, as if the heat transfer through the open structure is assisted by some form of air penetration.As the thick textiles dry, the rate of evaporation falls off, since heat and water vapor have to pass through an increasing layer of dry material. While this is occurring, a constant temperature, the “pseudo-wet-bulb temperature,” is established throughout the wet cloth. This state of equilibrium may be expressed as an equation between the rate of heat conduction inward and that required to produce the vapor diffusion outward. From this equation the pseudo-wet-bulb temperature can be calculated.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 11 (1965), S. 1051-1057 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conventional data generation and analysis procedures used to select a descriptive Hougen-Watson reaction rate model have been reviewed and some statistical objections to these conventional procedures have been presented. In an attempt to assess the practical importance of these objections, a recently published example was analyzed with both conventional techniques and nonlinear least squares procedures, which more closely conform to theoretical weighting requirements. Comparisons were made between the results of the conventional linear least squares analysis of isothermal data and those of nonlinear least squares analyses of both isothermal and nonisothermal data. It was found that the nonlinear least squares procedures were useful for a rational selection of an acceptable model and estimation of its parameters.General observations were made concerning good regions for further experimentation if a discrimination among rival models is desired. Additional well-designed experiments were found to be necessary to allow a reduction of the confidence region of the parameters of the Hougen-Watson models to an acceptable size.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 12 (1966), S. 1014-1017 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 14 (1968), S. 668-668 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 12 (1966), S. 5-10 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method is reviewed which allows data points to be chosen in such a fashion that precise estimates of the parameters in nonlinear reaction rate models can be obtained. This method allows each future data point to be selected such that the confidence region of the estimated parameters is smaller with it than with any other possible data point within the region of experimentation. This procedure is applied for Hougen-Watson models with hypothetical experimental data which were generated with the guidance of an example from the current chemical engineering literature. It is found that, for the same number of data points, the parameters in the model can be estimated eighteen times more precisely by using this suggested experimental design than by another commonly used design. Confidence regions are presented for the parameters of the Hougen-Watson models with two types of designs.It is found that the positions of the data points in the well-designed experiments are more sensitive to the functional form of the model than to the current estimates of the magnitudes of the parameter values.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 13 (1967), S. 1137-1140 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To develop a basis for a better understanding of the behavior of the liquid phase in packed columns, liquid velocities and flow patterns were studied at several typical points in a column packed with 1.0-in. porcelain Raschig rings with a high-speed photographic technique. Liquid velocities were found to fluctuate rapidly with time. Laminar flow predominates, but mixing occurs at junctions between pieces of packing. A complex model is required to describe the behavior of the liquid phase in packed columns.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 7 (1967), S. 58-62 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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