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  • Artikel  (67)
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (67)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (67)
  • 1985-1989  (24)
  • 1965-1969  (17)
  • 1960-1964  (26)
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  • Artikel  (67)
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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (67)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Temperature jump measurements employing optical rotation to follow transients show an upper limit of 10μsec. on the half time of the helix-random coil relaxation in poly-α, L-glutamic acid. No relaxations are observed under conditions where the polymer exists in completely helical or completely random coil form. Assuming that the helix-coil transition can be described kinetically as a pure growth process, expressions for the relaxation time are derived for three special cases. A comparison is made between the rate of the helix-coil transition and the rate of imide proton exchange.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: S-Carboxymethyl (SCM) kerateine preparations from a range of keratins were fractionated by acid precipitation into low-sulfur (SCMKA) and high-sulfur (SCMKB) fractions. Amiono acid analyses and optical rotatory dispersion measurements on the SCMKA fractions from different keratins indicated that the proportion of α-helical material (30-64%) increased with increasing leucine and glutamic acid contents and decreased with increasing SCM-cysteine and proline contents. It is shown that these variations in α-helix contents are due mainly to differences in the conformations of the principal components of the SCMKA fractions, although there is also a smaller contribution arising from contamination with varying amounts of non helical components. The thiol + disulfide contents for the parent keratins were measured and compared with the SCM -cysteine contents of the solubilized fractions. In general the SCM-cysteine contents of the SCMKA fractions increased with increasing thiol + disulfide content of the parent keratin, but these values were not directly proportional. The extent of total supercontraction in 8M LiBr solution was measured for the parent keratins and shown to bear no significant relationship to their disulfide contents. From the extents of first-stage and total supercontractions the disulfide contents of the contractile structures in the fibers were calculated according to a model described previously and compared with the analytical values for the SCM -cysteine contents of the SCMKA and SCMKB fraction. Data for both fractions were consistent with the model in that they were in each case related to the calculated values by a constant factor. However, because of simplifying assumptions in the model, it was not possible to identity positively one or other of these protein fractions with the contractile elements in the fiber.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 165-175 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Caprolactam has been anionically polymerized within the planar-random continuous glass mat reinforcement using a technique similar to reaction injection molding and up to 55% (w/w) [i.e., 33% (v/v)] glass fiber loading was achieved. The fiber volume fraction distribution across the diameter of the composite was observed to be reasonably uniform. The tensile stress-strain properties were determined. Composite modulus and strength appeared to be linearly dependent on the fiber volume fraction and increase with fiber volume content. The type of composite material studied has been used for compression molding of articles. Therefore, some tensile data were redetermined after compression molding and possible changes in degree of crystallinity resulting from the change in the thermal history monitored by differential scanning calorimetry. A 50% drop in the percent degree of crystallinity (monoclinic modification) of the as-polymerized composite and a deterioration in the tensile properties of the composite were observed after compression molding. On compression molding the mold surface needs to be completely covered with the composite sheet material; otherwise, matrix polymer flows out of the composite, and areas deficient in reinforcement result.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 77-89 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The impact fracture toughness of nylon 6/continuous glass fiber composites at four levels of fiber content has been studied. The composites were produced by anionically polymerizing caprolactam within a glass mat using a vacuum injection technique. Application of linear elastic fracture mechanics to characterize the impact fracture toughness of the composites, using an energy approach (GIC), has been found to be applicable provided that a correction is made for the size of the damage zone. The concept of Jc, fracture energy per unit ligament area, has also been applied to the composites and agreement between GIC and Jc has been found to be reasonably satisfactory. The ratio of crack propagation energy to the total energy absorbed (ductility index) has also been calculated. The ductility index was found to be close to one for the composites, indicating that additional energy is involved in propagating the fracturing cracks probably due to fiber debonding and/or crack blunting and fiber pullout. Fractographic examination of the impact fracture surface confirmed the presence of these features.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 17 (1966), S. 307-315 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Investigations on macroelements on pipelinesExternal corrosion of buried pipelines and tanks is often due to the formation of macroelements. these occur as a result of differentiated aeration, electrolytical composition, formation of surface layers, passivation, or contact between different metals, i.e. where there are local differences in the current/potential curves.The effect of, and results of measurementsfrom, macroelementsare described with the aid of three practical examples: 1long line currents of a pipeline in different geological strata,2aerated elements of protective casings and tanks, and3galvanic formation of cells in soils containing coke.With differentiated aeration, it does not necessarily follow that every compensating current has the effect that the corrosion rate of the less aerated electrode is higher than that of the better aerated electrode. Pit corrosion on aerated elements can only occur if, despite its more positive potential, the better aerated electrode has a lower corrosion rate than the less aerated electrode. This may happen if, because of a change in the PH value, the aerated electrode is strongly polarized or can become passivated with an electron-conductive cover layer.
    Notizen: Die äußere Korrosion unterirdischer Rohrleitungen und Behälter ist oft auf die Ausbildung von Makroelementen zurückzuführen. Makroelemente treten bei unterirdischer Belüftung, elektrolytischer Zusammensetzung, Deckschichtenbildung, Passivierung oder bei Berührungen verschiedener Metalle auf, also kurz bei lokalen Unterschieden bei Strompotentialkurven.Wirkung und Meßergebnisse von Makroelementen werden an drei praktischen Beispielen beschrieben: 1Long line currents einer Fernleitung in unterschiedlichen geologischen Bodenformationen,2Belüftungeselemente von Schutzrohren and Lagerbehältern sowie3galvanische Elementbildung in kokshaltigen Böden.Bei unterschiedlicher Belüftung muß nicht bereits jeder Ausgleichstrom dazu führen, daß die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit der geringer belüfteten Elektrode die der besser belüfteten überwiegt. Lochfraßkorrosion bei Belüftungselementen ist nur dann möglich, wenn die besser belüftete Elektrode trotz ihres positiveren Potentials eine geringere Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit hat als die geringer belüftete Elektrode. Dies ist möglich, wenn die belüftete Elektrode infolge pH-Wert-Änderung stark polarisiert wird oder sich mit einer elektronenleitenden Deckschicht passivieren kann.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 15 (1964), S. 201-212 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Control measurements on cathodically protected pipelinesThe most important control measurement for the cathodic protection of buried pipelines is the measurement of the pipel soil potential. On the strength of experimental and theoretical investigations, it is possible to indicate safe protection potentials at which the corrosion rate becomes practically insignificant. In applying the scientific results of electro-chemistry to cathodic protection in practice, problems may be encountered if phenomena are over-simplified or if local conditions are not sufficiently taken into account.Such practical problems are not so much concerned with measuring instruments and reference electrodes; they are more associated with the measuring methods subsequently described and with the fact that influence factors difficult to ascertain must be taken into account.The cathodic polarisation at the metal surface to be protected is composed of overtensions of a penetration and a diffusion type. In addition, there occurs a resistance polarisation which may be governed, on the one hand, by the ohmic voltage drop between pipe surface and reference electrode and, on the other hand, by poorly conducting coating or insulating layers. The latter usually cause, at the same time, a change in the diffusion type overtension. Since the resistance polarisation does not partake in the reaction kinetics, this influence must be eliminated in measuring the protection potential. Since the different types of polarisation have different type curves, it is possible to ascertain the separate partial reactions in accordance with the normal methods of electro-chemistry. By means of oscillographic recordings of potential/time curves, through calculation or with the aid of suitable measuring bridges, it is possible to eliminate the resistance polarisation or to determine the ohmic voltage drop in the electrolyte.
    Notizen: Die wichtigste Kontrollmessung für den kathodischen Schutz erdverlegter Rohrleitungen ist die Messung des Rohr/Boden-Potentials. An Hand experimenteller und theoretischer Untersuchungen ist es möglich, sichere Schutzpotentiale anzugeben, bei denen die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit praktisch bedeutungslos wird. Bei der Anwendung wissenschaftlicher Ergebnisse der Elektrochemie auf den kathodischen Schutz in der Praxis können Probleme auftreten, wenn Vorgänge zu stark vereinfacht und örtliche Gegebenheiten nicht genügend berücksichtigt werden.Solche praktischen Probleme liegen weniger bei Meßgeräten und Bezugselektroden, als bei den anschließend beschriebenen Meßverfahren und der Berücksichtigung schwer erfaßbarer Einflußgrößen. Die kathodische Polarisation an der Zu schützenden Metalloberfläche Setzt sich aus einer Durchtritts- und einer Diffusionsüberspannung zusammen. Ferner tritt eine Widerstandspolarisation auf, die einerseits durch den Ohmschen Spannungsabfall zwischen Rohroberfläche und Bezugselektrode, andererseits durch schlecht leitende Deck- oder Isolierschichten gegeben sein kann. Letztere verursachen meist gleichzeitig eine Änderung der Diffusionsüberspannung. Da die Widerstandspolarisation keinen Anteil an der Reaktionskinetik besitzt, muß ihr Einfluß bei der Schutzpotentialmessung eliminiert werden. Auf Grund eines zeitlich unterschiedlichen Verhaltens der Polarisationsarten gelingt die Aufspaltung der einzelnen Teilreaktionen nach den in der Elektrochemie üblichen Verfahren. Durch oszillographische Aufnahme won Potential-Zeitkurven, durch Rechnung oder mit geeigneten Meßbrücken kann die Widerstandspolarisation ausgeschaltet bzw. der Ohmsche Spannungsabfall im Elektrolyten ermittelt werden.
    Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 37 (1986), S. 612-612 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 8 (1964), S. 953-969 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The quaternization of poly(ar-vinylbenzyl chloride) with trimethylamine is shown to be a nucleophilic displacement reaction, the kinetics of which are complicated by several factors, notably differences in the reactivities of o- and p-chloromethyl groups (position isomerism), differences in the reactivities of groups as a function of the reacted or unreacted status of immediately adjacent groups (neighboring group effect), and differences in the reactivities of groups arising from the microtacticity of the polymer segment (configurational effects). Estimates of mean rate constants, activation energies, and preexponential factors are given for high purity poly-p-vinylbenzyl chloride and for the analogous ortho polymer.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 6 (1962), S. S57 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 7 (1963), S. 2025-2033 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: High molecular weight poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) fails to undergo many classical organic reactions, but may be reacted essentially quantitatively with a variety of tert-amines to yield the corresponding quaternary polymers. With dimethyl-n-alkylamines, polymers of the type are formed; these are water-soluble through R = n-decyl and methanol-soluble through R = n-hexadecyl. A number of polyridines and dialkyl sulfides react similarly to yield the corresponding polycationics. These reactions are controlled by several factors not operative in small-molecule reactions: nucleophile partitioning in the initially heterogeneous systems, swelling power of the medium for the reactant polymer, and a sharp steric limitation imposed by the configuration of the high polymer. This steric effect may be exploited by using certain hindered primary and secondary amines to prepare substituted poly-(vinylbenzylamines) which are soluble and noncrosslinked.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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