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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations of Pc5 micropulsation-related electric field oscillations in the equatorial ionosphere (1994)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 12 (1994), S. 565-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A 54.95-MHz coherent backscatter radar, an ionosonde and the magnetometer located at Trivandrum in India (8.5○N, 77○E, 0.5○N dip angle) recorded large-amplitude ionospheric fluctuations and magnetic field fluctuations associated with a Pc5 micropulsation event, which occurred during an intense magnetic storm on 24 March 1991 (Ap=161). Simultaneous 100-nT-level fluctuations are also observed in the H-component at Brorfelde, Denmark (55.6○N gm) and at Narsarsuaq, Greenland (70.6○N gm). Our study of the above observations shows that the E-W electric field fluctuations in the E- and F-regions and the magnetic field fluctuations at Thumba are dominated by a near-sinusoidal oscillation of 10 min during 1730–1900 IST (1200-1330 UT), the amplitude of the electric field oscillation in the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) is 0.1-0.25 mV m−1 and it increases with height, while it is about 1.0 mV m−1 in the F-region, the ground-level H-component oscillation can be accounted for by the ionospheric current oscillation generated by the observed electric field oscillation in the EEJ and the H-component oscillations at Trivandrum and Brorfelde are in phase with each other. The observations are interpreted in terms of a compressional cavity mode resonance in the inner magnetosphere and the associated ionospheric electric field penetrating from high latitudes to the magnetic equator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0565-7
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of oil pollution on fresh groundwater in Kuwait (1993)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 22 (1993), S. 246-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Groundwater ; Pollution ; Hydrocarbons ; Infiltration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Massive oil fires in Kuwait were the aftermath of the Gulf War. This resulted in the pollution of air, water, and soil, the magnitude of which is unparalleled in the history of mankind. Oil fires damaged several oil well heads, resulting in the flow of oil, forming large oil lakes. Products of combustion from oil well fires deposited over large areas. Infiltrating rainwater, leaching out contaminants from oil lakes and products of combustion at ground surface, can reach the water table and contaminate the groundwater. Field investigations, supported by laboratory studies and mathematical models, show that infiltration of oil from oil lakes will be limited to a depth of about 2 m from ground surface. Preliminary mathematical models showed that contaminated rainwater can infiltrate and reach the water table within a period of three to four days, particularly at the Raudhatain and Umm Al-Aish regions. These are the only regions in Kuwait where fresh groundwater exists. After reaching the water table, the lateral movement of contaminants is expected to be very slow under prevailing hydraulic gradients. Groundwater monitoring at the above regions during 1992 showed minor levels of vanadium, nickel, and total hydrocarbons at certain wells. Since average annual rainfall in the region is only 120 mm/yr, groundwater contamination due to the infiltration of contaminated rainwater is expected to be a long-term one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00767410
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Terbuthylazine and carbofuran effects on growth and reproduction within three generations of Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta) (1994)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 18 (1994), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Terbuthylazine ; Carbofuran ; Sublethal effects ; Cocoon production ; Eisenia andrei
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Sublethal effects of terbuthylazine and carbofuran on the growth and reproduction of Eisenia andrei were investigated over a period of three generations. Reproduction was assessed by measuring the coccon production of worms treated chronically with pesticides. Inhibition of cocoon production was found in the parental generation. Hatchlings were raised from cocoons to provide the F1 generation. During raising a more rapid growth of juveniles treated with terbuthylazine was observed, compared with the growth of untreated worms. The increase in vitality was also found in cocoon production. Groups treated with terbuthylazine produced more cocoons than controls. The F2 generation was raised from hatchlings of the F1 generation, and here, also the terbuthylazine treatments increased earthworm growth, but not cocoon production. Exposure to carbofuran decreased cocoon production in all generations. Growth of the F1 generation was not influenced by low concentrations of carbofuran.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336450
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