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  • Articles  (414)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (414)
  • 2000-2004  (414)
  • 1975-1979
  • 2004  (414)
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  • Articles  (414)
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  • 2000-2004  (414)
  • 1975-1979
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Breeding for high yield and fibre quality in coloured cotton (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In the present study, three types of coloured fibre cottons, i.e. white, brown and green, were compared for their fibre quality and yield. The comparison of fibre quality suggested that coloured fibre cotton was inferior as compared with white fibre cotton. To understand the effect of cellulose, mineral elements [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)] and pH of fibre cells on the quality of fibre, these components were studied at different fibre cell developed stages in all three fibre cotton types. The cellulose content is closely associated with the quality of fibre. The higher fibre quality of white fibre cotton might be the result of the high cellulose content in it compared with coloured fibre cotton. A rapid and slow decrease in pH in white and coloured cottons, respectively, might have some effects on fibre elongation. Among the mineral contents, potassium is positively correlated with the fibre quality traits. The pigment development patterns in brown and green fibre cottons are not similar. In green fibre cotton it takes more time to deepen in colour as compared with brown fibre cotton. Possible strategies for the improvement in quality of coloured fibre cotton are discussed. The results of heterosis studies in coloured fibre cotton suggest that heterosis could improve yield and quality of coloured fibre cotton. In the present study, the hybrids between ZJU12A x ZJU05R and ZJU18A x ZJU01R, having an acceptable lint colour types plus better fibre quality and high yield performance, may be exploited further for their heterotic advantages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00938.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Jasmonic acid is involved in the water-stress-induced betaine accumulation in pear leaves (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Jasmonic acid (JA) is known to be involved in the response of plants to environmental stresses such as drought, and betaine (glycinebetaine) is an osmopretectant accumulated in plants under environmental stresses including drought. However, it remains currently unclear whether JA is involved in the water-stress-induced betaine accumulation in plant leaves. The present experiment, performed with the whole pear plant (Pyrus bretschneideri Redh. cv. Suli), revealed that the exogenously applied JA induced a significant increase of the betaine level in the pear leaves when the plants were not yet stressed by drought, and when the plants were subjected to water stress, the ‘JA plus drought’ treatment induced a significant higher betaine level than did the drought treatment alone. Meanwhile, the ‘JA plus drought’ treatment induced higher levels of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH, E C 1.2.1.8) and activities in the leaves than did the drought treatment alone. These results obtained in the whole plant experiments were supported by the results of detached leaf experiments. In detached leaves JA induced significant increases in betaine levels, BADH activities and BADH protein amounts in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. These data demonstrate that JA is involved in the drought-induced betaine accumulation in pear leaves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01167.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of replacement of dietary fish meal by meat and bone meal and poultry by-product meal on growth and feed utilization of gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture nutrition 10 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2095
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Triplicate groups of gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (initial body weight: 5.25 ± 0.02 g) were fed for 8 weeks at 20–25 °C on five isonitrogenous (crude protein: 400 g kg−1) and isoenergetic diets (gross energy: 17 kJ g−1). Meat and bone meal (MBM) or poultry by-product meal (PBM) were used to replace fish meal at different levels of protein. The control diet contained fish meal as the sole protein source. In the other four diets, 150 or 500 g kg−1 of fish meal protein was substituted by MBM (MBM15, MBM50) or PBM (PBM15, PBM50). The results showed that feeding rate for the MBM50 group was significantly higher than for other groups except the PBM50 group (P 〈 0.05). Growth rate in the MBM15 group was significantly higher than that in the control (P 〈 0.05), while there was no significant difference in growth between the control and other groups (P 〉 0.05). Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio in MBM50 was significantly lower while that in MBM15 was significantly higher (P 〈 0.05). Replacement of fish meal by MBM at 500 g kg−1 protein significantly decreased apparent dry matter digestibility (ADCD) and gross energy (ADCE) while apparent protein digestibility (ADCP) was significantly decreased by the replacement of MBM or PBM (P 〈 0.05). The results suggest that MBM and PBM could replace up to 500 g kg−1 of fish meal protein in diets for gibel carp without negative effects on growth while 150 g kg−1 replacement by MBM protein improved feed utilization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2004.00301.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma devices to guide and collimate a high density of MeV electrons (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 432 (2004), S. 1005-1008 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The development of ultra-intense lasers has facilitated new studies in laboratory astrophysics and high-density nuclear science, including laser fusion. Such research relies on the efficient generation of enormous numbers of high-energy charged particles. For example, laser–matter ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03133
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis for Synthesis of Spherical Zirconia Particles (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This paper presents new findings on ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of zirconium hydroxyl acetate precursor drops whose sizes were precisely measured using laser light diffraction technique. Precursor concentration plays a predominant role in determination of product particle size. At 0.01 wt% precursor concentration, conventional spray pyrolysis at 750°C using precursor drops 5–8 μm in diameter, generated by an ultrasonic nebulizer at 2.66 MHz, yielded uniform spherical yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) particles 73 nm in diameter measured by scanning electron microscopy. The YSZ particle diameters were much smaller than those predicted by the one-particle-per-drop mechanism. Under similar reaction conditions, the high-throughput ultrasound-modulated two-fluid (UMTF) spray pyrolysis of larger precursor drops (28-μm peak diameter) also yielded spherical dense particles; they were significantly smaller in size than those produced by the low-throughput conventional ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of smaller drops (6.8-μm peak diameter).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2004.tb06332.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientation dependence of proximity effect in ferromagnet/ $\mathsf{d}$ -wave superconductor junctions (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 39 (2004), S. 377-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The Nambu spinor Green’s function approach is applied to studying the proximity effect in ferromagnet/d-wave superconductor (FM/d-wave SC) junctions. It is found that the magnitude of the proximity effect depends to a great extent on the orientation of the SC crystal with respect to the interface normal. On the FM side, near the interface there are two different types of density of states (DOS) with superconducting features. On the SC side, the DOS near the interface is spin dependent, indicating a local coexistence of weak ferromagnetism and d-wave superconductivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00203-1
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence showing that β-adrenoceptor subtype responsible for the relaxation induced by isoprenaline is principally β2 but not β1 in guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology 24 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1474-8673
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1 The present study was carried out to pharmacologically identify the β-adrenoceptor subtype that mediates isoprenaline-elicited relaxation in the isolated guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle, to answer the question whether it is β1- or β2-subtype? 2 Isoprenaline as well as salbutamol, a well-known β2-selective adrenoceptor agonist, produced a concentration-dependent relaxation with a pD2 value of 8.12 vs. 7.54 for salbutamol. 3 Isoprenaline-elicited relaxation was not affected by β1-selective antagonists, atenolol and CGP-20,712A, within the concentration ranges supposed to antagonize β1-subtype: atenolol, ≤10−6 m; CGP-20,712A, ≤10−8 m. 4 By contrast, the concentration–response curves for isoprenaline as well as salbutamol were shifted rightwards in a competitive fashion by atenolol at the concentrations ≥3 × 10−6 m. However, pA2 values of atenolol against isoprenaline (5.86) and salbutamol (5.71) were consistent with the value corresponding to β2- but not to β1-subtype (around 7.00), and these values were not significantly different from each other. 5 Competitive antagonism of the relaxations to isoprenaline and salbutamol were also obtained with β2-selective antagonists, butoxamine and ICI-118,551. Against isoprenaline and salbutamol, the pA2 values of butoxamine (6.51 vs. 6.81) and ICI-118,551 (8.83 vs. 8.90) were substantially identical. Thus the primary mediation of β2-receptor in the relaxations was strongly supported. 6 The present findings provide evidence that the β-adrenoceptor which mediates isoprenaline-elicited relaxation of guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle is essentially β2- but not β1-subtype. The present study also indicates the importance of using multiple receptor antagonists with different pA2 values to pharmacologically identify the responsible receptor subtype in smooth muscle mechanical responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-8673.2004.00314.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Over-expression of Gastrodia anti-fungal protein enhances Verticillium wilt resistance in coloured cotton (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Currently there are no adequate control measures for the cotton fungal diseases Verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt, which are important factors limiting yield under certain conditions. In this study the gene encoding a Gastrodia anti-fungal protein was introduced into three cultivars of coloured cotton using the method of pollen-tube pathway transformation, with the purpose of obtaining transgenic plants with improved resistance to wilt. Of the 121 herbicide-resistant cotton plants two, LB-5-8 and ZB-1-49, were scored as transgenic based on Southern blot, RT-PCR analysis and in vitro anti-fungal activity assay. Field analysis demonstrated that the transgenic lines LB-5-8 and ZB-1-49 possess an increased resistance to wilt. After 2 years of breeding, the progeny of LB-5-8 and ZB-1-49 lines still showed a stable and strong resistance to Verticillium wilt. Lines with high levels of resistance to Verticillium wilt obtained from the present study may be widely planted and help to reduce the future impact of cotton wilt on cotton production resulting in increased yields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01005.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the Rf gene conferring fertility restoration of the CMS Dian-type 1 in rice by using simple sequence repeat markers and advanced inbred lines of restorer and maintainer (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Cytoplasmic male sterility of Dian-type 1 (CMS-D1) was developed 30 years ago in Yunnan. A major gene conferring fertility restoration for the CMS-D1 system was detected by microsatellite markers in advanced inbred lines consisting of 196 maintainers and 62 restorers developed in breeding programmes of hybrid rice involving the CMS-D1 system. The gene was mapped between two simple sequence repeat markers, OSR33 and RM228, on chromosome 10, and was temporarily designated as Rf-D1(t). The genetic distances of the gene to the two microsatellite markers were 3.4 and 5.0 cM, respectively. This linkage was confirmed by using an F2 population derived from a cross between a CMS-D1 line and a restorer. This study also demonstrated that using OSR33 was reliable and efficient for identification of restoring lines in hybrid rice breeding with the CMS-D1 system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01004.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The plastidic Arabidopsis protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase gene, with or without the transit sequence, confers resistance to the diphenyl ether herbicide in rice (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation was used to introduce plastidic protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (Protox) genes from Arabidopsis, with and without the transit sequence, into the rice genome. They were placed under the control of the constitutive and ubiquitous maize ubiquitin promoter, and their abilities to confer resistance to the diphenyl ether-type herbicide, oxyfluorfen were compared. The integration and expression of the transgene in the T1 generation was examined by Southern, northern and western blot analyses. Surprisingly, as judged by an in vivo seed germination assay and an in vitro cellular leakage assay, both lines were similarly resistant to oxyfluorfen. The tolerance to cellular damage (lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage) was higher in transgenic plants than in wild-type plants. In transgenic plants, the degree of herbicide resistance varied directly with the absolute amount of Protox protein expression. Both the intact protein and the protein with the transit sequence deleted were accumulated in plastids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0016-8025.2003.01127.x
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