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  • Articles  (9)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (9)
  • Springer  (9)
  • Blackwell Science Ltd
  • 1995-1999  (9)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1997  (9)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rabbit RAG-2 UTRs: characterization of an unusually large 3′ untranslated region (1997)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 46 (1997), S. 267-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We previously characterized the rabbit recombination activating gene-2 (RAG-2) coding region and a portion of the cDNA. Rabbit RAG-2 mRNA, however, was shown to be approximately twice as large as the predominant form expressed in other vertebrate species, suggesting that it contained additional coding and/or untranslated regions (UTR). In this report, we map and sequence the complete 5′ and 3′ UTRs of the rabbit RAG-2 transcript and identify and sequence the genomic regions from which they are transcribed. The data show that, with the exception of a 300 nucleotide 5′ UTR, almost all of the additional sequence belongs to the 3′ UTR and that the 3′ UTR sequence is transcribed from a single large exon that encodes most of the coding region and all of the 3′ UTR. The 3′ UTR contains four poly A signal sites, the last of which is closely followed by a GU-rich region. The rabbit 3′ UTR has a high level of identity with the homologous region downstream of the human RAG-2 gene but not with the mouse RAG-2 gene. The region of identity extends several hundred nucleotides beyond the transcribed region and terminates in a series of dinucleotide (TG) repeats. The data are discussed in terms of RAG gene and 3′ UTR function, regulation, and evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050272
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic colchicine treatment does not impair glucose tolerance in familial Mediterranean fever patients (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 52 (1997), S. 27-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Colchicine ; I.V. glucose tolerance test (IVGTT); familial Mediterranean fever ; oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To investigate a long-term colchicine treatment in inhibiting normal release of insulin, in response to a glucose load. Setting: The Heller Institute of Medical Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer. Patients: Thirty-one familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients, treated continuously with colchicine (1.0–2.0 mg · day–1) for 2–13 years. Methods: A standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to study the effect of long-term colchicine treatment on glucose-induced insulin response. An intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was then performed on randomly chosen FMF patients (n = 9) and age-matched controls (n = 5). Glucose was administered 30 min after intravenous colchicine (2 mg) infusion. The sum of 1st- and 3rd-min insulin levels served as an index of early-phase insulin release. Results: Based on the Office Guide to Diagnosis of Glucose Intolerance [13], one subject exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and two others had abnormal dynamics of glucose during the test but normal values at 120 min. Insulin values were normal in all participants. No significant differences were found in maximal glucose and insulin concentration, nor in the insulin release index between FMF colchicine-treated and healthy controls. Conclusions: Based on these findings, no impairment in glucose dynamics could be demonstrated in chronically colchicine treated patients, compared to untreated controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050244
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial Food Webs in Marine Sediments. I. Trophic Interactions and Grazing Rates in Two Tidal Flat Communities (1997)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 34 (1997), S. 188-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The role of grazing by marine sediment flagellates, ciliates, and meiobenthic animals in controlling production of their bacterial and diatom prey was investigated. Several novel or modified techniques were used to enumerate prey (bacteria and diatoms), measure bacterial production, quantify proto- and micrometazoan predators, and evaluate rates of bacterivory and herbivory. The results indicated that, in a temperate, marine intertidal flat composed of fine sand, colorless nanoflagellates, ciliates, and nematodes were the most important bacterivores. Together, these organisms were responsible for removing up to 53% of bacterial production, by grazing. The observed rates of bacterivory were high enough to hypothesize that periods of grazing control of bacterial production might occur regularly in similar habitats. Colorless microflagellates, ciliates, and nematodes had high rates of diatom consumption. The combined small diatom consumption rate was equivalent to 132% of diatom standing stock per day. Trophic interactions between diatoms and micro- and meiobenthos might be a factor limiting growth of small (around 10 μm) diatoms. In coarse sands of an open beach, all micrograzers except pigmented nanoflagellates were rare, whereas bacterial and diatom assemblages were rather abundant and active. In this type of sediment, the micrograzers were able to consume only a marginal percentage of bacterial production (〈1%) and diatom standing stock (3.8%), thus playing a minor role in controlling the dynamics of their prey.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002489900048
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel mutations in an otherwise strictly conserved domain of CuZn superoxide dismutase (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 168 (1997), S. 191-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: superoxide dismutase ; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; mutation ; zinc binding ; allele ; exon III
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract All mutations in the human gene for CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) reported to date are associated with the disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These mutations, mostly of a familial nature (ALS 1, MIM 105400), span all of the coding region of this enzyme except for a highly conserved centrally located domain that includes all of exon III. We describe the identification and characterization of two mutations in this region, both found in mice. One mutation, a glutamate to lysine amino acid substitution was found in position 77 (E77K) of the strain SOD1/Ei distributed by the Jackson Laboratory. The other mutation, a lysine to glutamate substitution at position 70 (K70E) of a human transgene, was discovered in mouse line TgHS/SF-155. Enzyme activity measurements and heterodimer analysis of the CuZn SOD variant in SOD1/Ei suggest a mild loss of activity, which differs from the enzyme activity losses detected in patients with autosomal dominant ALS 1. Similarly, the presence of the mutant transgene in TgHS/SF 155 does not produce any phenotypic manifestations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006871524623
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial Food Webs in Marine Sediments. II. Seasonal Changes in Trophic Interactions in a Sandy Tidal Flat Community (1997)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 34 (1997), S. 199-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The role of grazing by marine sediment flagellates, ciliates, and meiobenthic animals in controlling production of their bacterial and diatom prey was investigated. At six selected time points, over the year, bacterial production and diatom standing stock were compared to grazing pressure exercised by proto- and micrometazoan consumers. The intensity of prey-predator relations showed pronounced yearly dynamics in which two stages could be distinguished. During the first phase, from the end of winter to mid-summer, the consumption of diatoms gradually increased, with possible overgrazing at the end of the period. This was followed by a collapse of diatom abundance, to the winter level. During the first stage, no appreciable bacterial consumption was observed in spite of the high abundance and production of bacteria. The second stage started in mid-summer and continued through the fall. During this period, the grazing on bacteria increased and reached the year's maximum. For at least a brief period (October), micrograzers removed the majority of bacterial production. In contrast, herbivory stayed at the year's lowest level, and diatoms appeared to be controlled by factors other than grazing. The observed ingestion rates seem to support the apparent energy requirements of flagellates and some ciliates (scuticociliates and hypotrichids). Other ciliates (pleurostomatids and karyorelictids) could not subsist on the observed diet and might have to complement it with other energy sources, possibly via dissolved organic matter absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002489900049
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Artificial societies and generative social science (1997)
    Springer
    Artificial life and robotics 1 (1997), S. 33-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1614-7456
    Keywords: Agent based models ; Artificial life ; Social Science
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract What is anartificial society? What can such models offer the social sciences in particular? We address these general questions, drawing brief illustrations from the specific artificial society we call “Sugarscape.”
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02471109
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An informational rationale for committee gatekeeping power (1997)
    Springer
    Public choice 91 (1997), S. 271-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7101
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract This essay investigates the relationship between congressional committees, information, and gatekeeping power. It shows that the power to obstruct legislation increases the amount of information transmitted by committees in equilibrium. As a consequence, rational floor actors will make it somewhat difficult, but not impossible, to discharge committees. Some committees will have effective gatekeeping power under the optimal rule, while others will not. The only committees that will be discharged are those which cannot credibly transmit any information to the parent body.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017955912840
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The in vitro motility activity of β-cardiac myosin depends on the nature of the β-myosin heavy chain gene mutation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of muscle research and cell motility 18 (1997), S. 275-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Several mutations in the β-myosin heavy chain gene cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This study investigates (1) the in vitro velocities of translocation of fluorescently-labelled actin by β-myosin purified from soleus muscle of 30 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with seven distinct β-myosin heavy chain gene mutations: Thr124Ile, Tyr162Cys, Gly256Glu, Arg403Gln, Val606Met, Arg870His, and Leu908Val mutations; and (2) motility activity of β-myosin purified from cardiac and soleus muscle biopsies in the same patients. The velocity of translocation of actin by β-myosin purified from soleus or cardiac muscle of 22 normal controls was 0.48 ± 0.09 μm s−1. By comparison, the motility activity was reduced in all 30 patients with β-myosin heavy chain gene mutations (range, 0.112 ± 0.041 to 0.292 ± 0.066 μm s−1). Notably, the Tyr162Cys and Arg403Gln mutations demonstrated significantly lower actin sliding velocities: 0.123 ± 0.044, and 0.112 ± 0.041 μm s−1, respectively. β-myosin purified from soleus muscle from four patients with the Arg403Gln mutation had a similar actomyosin motility activity compared to β-myosin purified from their cardiac biopsies (0.127 ± 0.045 μm s−1 versus 0.119 ± 0.068 μm s−1, respectively). Since these seven mutations lie in several distinct functional domains, it is likely that the mechanisms of their inhibitions of motility are different
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018613907574
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uncovering some subtleties of the uncovered set: Social choice theory and distributive politics (1997)
    Springer
    Social choice and welfare 15 (1997), S. 81-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-217X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract.  Although the uncovered set has occupied a prominent role in social choice theory, its exact shape has never been determined in a general setting. This paper calculates the uncovered set when actors have pork barrel, or purely distributive, preferences, and shows that in this setting nearly the entire Pareto set is uncovered. The result casts doubt on the usefulness of the uncovered set as a general solution concept and suggests that to predict the distribution of political benefits one must explicitly model the institutions that structure collective choice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003550050093
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