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  • Articles  (433)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (433)
  • Springer  (422)
  • Annual Reviews  (11)
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  • 1955-1959  (433)
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  • 1957  (433)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 45 (1957), S. 714-719 
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zwei Ausführungsformen von Extraktoren für die Isolierung saurer und basischer Gifte aus biologischem Material wurden geprüft. Die erste Ausführungsform ist für Lösungsmittel bestimmt, die schwerer sind als Wasser. Dieses Lösungsmittel trennt zwei wäßrige Phasen, derenph so eingestellt wird, daß eine Doppelübertragung der Gifte — erst in das organische Lösungsmittel und dann in die zweite wäßrige Phase — möglich wird. Die zweite Ausführungsform funktioniert nach demselben Prinzip, aber mit Lösungsmitteln, die leichter sind als Wasser. Die Schnellextraktion alkalischer Gifte (Alkaloide) lieferte die Substanzen in reiner Form. Ein Versuch mit einem Barbiturat gab ebenfalls ein reines Produkt, aber in schlechter Ausbeute. Die beschriebenen Extraktoren ersparen viel Arbeit und Zeit in der Abtrennung kleiner Mengen Giftstoffe für toxikologische Zwecke.
    Abstract: Résumé Deux modèles d'appareils ont été étudiés pour l'extraction de petites quantités de poisons acides et basiques des milieux biologiques. Le premier d'entre eux comporte des solvants plus denses que l'eau placés entre deux phases aqueuses. En ajustant la composition chimique des deux phases aqueuses, il a été possible d'effectuer une double extraction, tout d'abord celle du solvant organique et ensuite, à partir de ce solvant dans la seconde phase aqueuse. Le second extracteur est semblable, mais il comporte des solvants moins denses que l'eau. Il a été possible d'effectuer des extractions rapides de poisons basiques, tels que les alcaloïdes avec obtention de préparations pures. L'extraction d'un barbiturate isolé se fait avec un rendement qui n'est pas satisfaisant mais fournit un produit pur. Les extracteurs ont permis de réduire considérablement le travail et le temps consacrés à la séparation de petites quantités de poisons de substances soumises à un examen toxicologique.
    Notes: Summary Two designs of extractors were developed and tested for removal of small amounts of acidic and basic poisons from biological materials. The first of these operated with heavier-than-water solvents placed between two aqueous phases. By adjusting the chemical composition of the two aqueous phases, a double extraction was performed, first to the organic solvent and, secondly, from it into the second aqueous phase. The second extractor was similar except that it operated with lighter-than-water solvents. Rapid extraction of basic poisons such as alkaloids was achieved with formation of pure preparations. Extraction of a single barbiturate gave an unsatisfactory yield but produced a pure product. The extractors reduced greatly the amount of labor and time involved in separating small amounts of poisons from materials of toxicological interest.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 8 (1957), S. 27-46 
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les AA. décrivent un cas de pneumomycose chronique, avec généralisation pluriviscérale tout à fait exceptionnelle. A cause de ce tableau clinique et anatomique si extraordinaire, qui n'à pas encore été signalé dans la litérature, il n'à été possible d'en établir le diagnostic qu'au moyen de l'examen histologique des lésions.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Verfasser beschreiben einen Fall von chronischer Pneumomykose mit absolut ausserordentlicher plurivisceraler Generalisation. Infolge des ungewöhnlichen, klinischen und anatomischen Bildes, das bis heute in der Literatur nicht erwähnt worden ist, hat die Krankheit nur durch die histologische Beobachtung der Veränderungen diagnostiziert werden können.
    Notes: Riassunto Gli AA. descrivono un caso di pneumomicosi cronica, con generalizzazione pluriviscerale, assolutamente eccezionale. Per causa dell'insolito quadro clinico ed anatomico, che non ha riscontro nella letteratura, la natura della malattia non potè essere diagnosticata che con l'esame istologico delle lesioni.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The first repeatedly successful infection withHistoplasma capsulatium of pigeons and chickens is reported. From 44 intravenously infected pigeonsHistoplasma capsulatum could be recovered by culture in 20 cases as long as 45 days after injection; from 10 chickens 5 positive cultures were obtained.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Russian chemical bulletin 6 (1957), S. 1529-1529 
    ISSN: 1573-9171
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1573-9171
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary 1. A study was made of the conditions required for the acylation of 2,2'-methylenedithiophene with acid chlorides of monoesters of dicarboxylic acids ( ω-(chloroformyl)alkanoic esters), the hydrolysis of the resulting keto esters, and their Kizhner reduction. 2. By hydrogenolysis with the aid of Raney nickel, tridecanoic, myristic, heptadecanedioic, and nonadecanedioic acids were prepared.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Russian chemical bulletin 6 (1957), S. 513-518 
    ISSN: 1573-9171
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary 1. A study was made of the nitration of saccharification lignin with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids having various water contents (5–16%), with a mixture of nitric acid and crystalline phosphoric acid, with nitric acid in a medium of acetic anhydride, and with nityric acid of sp.gr. 1.52. The highest yields of nitrolignins were obtained by treatment of lignin with mixtures of nitric and phosphoric acids and of nitric acid and acetic anhydride. The products had total nitrogen contents of 7.50–8.00%. 2. It was found that nitration of saccharification lignin with nitration mixtures of low water content at 10–15∌ or with pure nitric acid at 40° resulted in the highest uptake of nitrogen in the nitric-ester form (6.5%), but was associated with degradation of the lignin. Under all conditions nitration of the nucleus was predominant. If we assume that the structural units of lignin are derivatives of 4-propylguaiacol and take account of the carbohydrate content of the lignin, then the content of nonester nitrogen corresponds to almost one nitro group to each structural unit of the lignin molecule. 3. A study of the functional groups of nitrolignins (COOH, OCH3) showed that, under all the conditions which we tried, the nitration of saccharification lignin results in reduction in the number of methoxy groups and considerable increase in the number of carboxy groups.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Russian chemical bulletin 6 (1957), S. 668-670 
    ISSN: 1573-9171
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary 1. A study was made of the action of dilute nitric acid solutions on wood- saponification lignin in the temperature range 42–50°. It was shown that saponification lignin reacts with dilute nitric acid at temperatures as low as 42°. 2. When saponification lignin is treated with dilute nitric acid, the content of carboxy groups increases to about 10%, but the amount of methoxy groups is reduced.The nitrogen content does not exceed 3.56%. 3. Apart from nitrolignin, 4,6-dinitroguaiacol and oxalic acid were isolated from the reaction mixture.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Russian chemical bulletin 6 (1957), S. 1287-1290 
    ISSN: 1573-9171
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary 1. Some macrocyclic compounds containing thiophene rings were prepared. 2. A new method was proposed for the preparation of large-ring alicyclic compounds. It includes reductive desulfurization of the corresponding macrocycles containing thiophene rings.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1573-8205
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A brief description is given of a 1-1/2 meter cyclotron. Questions connected with the acceleration of ions in the central part of the cyclotron are considered. The most important points for the correction of magnetic field are indicated. The deflection and focusing of the accelerated ion beam are considered. Data on the energy and flux of accelerated particles are presented.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1573-8205
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effective cross section in thorium for thermal neutrons (σther = 7.31 ± 0.10 barns) and the resonance integral for thorium have been-measured in a heavy water reactor. The measurements were made by the activation method. Gold, indium, and uranium were used as comparison standards. The precise value of the effective cross section for indium for thermal neutrons is (σther = 162 ± 10 barns) and the resonance integral in indium is (RI=2340 ± 200 barns).
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