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  • Articles  (10)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (10)
  • Annual Reviews  (10)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Blackwell Publishers Inc.
  • Elsevier
  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004  (10)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1920-1924
  • 2004  (4)
  • 2000  (6)
  • 1957
  • 1956
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (10)
Collection
  • Articles  (10)
Source
Publisher
Years
  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004  (10)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1920-1924
Year
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IDENTIFICATION OF TRACE ELEMENT-CONTAINING PROTEINS IN GENOMIC DATABASES (2004)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nutrition 24 (2004), S. 579-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 0199-9885
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Development of bioinformatics tools provided researchers with the ability to identify full sets of trace element-containing proteins in organisms for which complete genomic sequences are available. Recently, independent bioinformatics methods were used to identify all, or almost all, genes encoding selenocysteine-containing proteins in human, mouse, and Drosophila genomes, characterizing entire selenoproteomes in these organisms. It also should be possible to search for entire sets of other trace element-associated proteins, such as metal-containing proteins, although methods for their identification are still in development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132241
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NUTRIENT REGULATION OF CELL CYCLE PROGRESSION (2004)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nutrition 24 (2004), S. 433-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 0199-9885
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Cell replication is tightly controlled in normal tissues and aberrant during disease progression, such as in tumorigenesis. The replication of cells can be divided into four distinct phases: Gap 1 (G1), synthesis (S), gap 2 (G2), and mitosis (M). The progression from one phase to the next is intricately regulated and has many "checkpoints" that take into account cellular status and environmental cues. Among the modulators of cell cycle progression are specific nutrients, which function as energy sources or regulate the production and/or function of proteins needed to advance cells through a replicative cycle. In this review, we focus on the roles of specific nutrients (vitamin A, vitamin D, iron, folic acid, vitamin B12, zinc, and glucose) in the control of cell cycle progression and discuss how insights into the mechanisms by which these nutrients modulate this process can be and have been used to control aberrant cell growth in the treatment of prevalent pathologies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073203
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CITRUS BLIGHT AND OTHER DISEASES OF RECALCITRANT ETIOLOGY1 (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 38 (2000), S. 181-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Notes: Abstract Several economically important diseases of unknown or recently determined cause are reviewed. Citrus blight (CB), first described over 100 years ago, was shown in 1984 to be transmitted by root-graft inoculations; the cause remains unknown and is controversial. Based on graft transmission, it is considered to be an infectious agent by some; others suggest that the cause of CB is abiotic. Citrus variegated chlorosis, although probably long present in Argentina, where it was considered to be a variant of CB, was identified as a specific disease and shown to be caused by a strain of Xylella fastidiosa after if reached epidemic levels in Brazil in 1987. Citrus psorosis, described in 1933 as the first virus disease of citrus, is perhaps one of the last to be characterized. In 1988, it was shown to be caused by a very unusual virus. The cause of lettuce big vein appears to be a viruslike agent that is transmitted by a soilborne fungus. Double-stranded RNAs were associated with the disease, suggesting it may be caused by an unidentified RNA virus. Rio Grande gummosis, dry rot root, peach tree short life, and some replant diseases may be diseases of complex etiology. Various microorganisms have been isolated from trees with these diseases, but the diseases may be attributable in part to environmental factors. Determination of the cause of these diseases of complex etiology has proven difficult, in part, because they affect only mature trees.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.38.1.181
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NEW FRONTIERS IN THE STUDY OF DISPERSAL AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF EPIDEMICS CAUSED BY SPECIES IN THE GENUS PHYTOPHTHORA (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 38 (2000), S. 541-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Notes: Abstract Diseases caused by species in the genus Phytophthora are responsible for significant economic losses on a wide range of host plants. Spatial pattern is one of the most characteristic ecological properties of a species, and reflects environmental and genetic heterogeneity and reproductive population growth acting on the processes of reproduction, dispersal, and mortality. Species of Phytophthora can be dispersed either in soil, via surface water movement down rows, from rain splash dispersal, by air, or via movement by humans or invertebrate activity. Dispersal results in patchiness in patterns of disease or inoculum in soil. In this chapter we discuss the mechanisms of dispersal of members of this important genus and describe several methods that can be used to statistically analyze data for which spatial coordinates are known. The methods include testing spatial autocorrelation for binary data or continuous data, semivariograms, and regression models for spatial data. The goal of spatial pattern analysis is to gain an understanding of the mechanisms of dispersal of propagules and to sort out the physical and biological factors that are important for spread of plant pathogens and ultimately, for disease management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.38.1.541
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE ROLE OF THE MICROSOMAL TRIGLYGERIDE TRANSFER PROTEIN IN ABETALIPOPROTEINEMIA (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nutrition 20 (2000), S. 663-697 
    Details
    ISSN: 0199-9885
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is a dimeric lipid transfer protein consisting of protein disulfide isomerase and a unique 97-kDa subunit. In vitro, MTP accelerates the transport of triglyceride, cholesteryl ester, and phospholipid between membranes. It was recently demonstrated that abetalipoproteinemia, a hereditary disease characterized as an inability to produce chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins in the intestine and liver, respectively, results from mutations in the gene encoding the 97-kDa subunit of the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein. Downstream effects resulting from this defect include malnutrition, very low plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, altered lipid and protein compositions of membranes and lipoprotein particles, and vitamin deficiencies. Unless treated, abetalipoproteinemic subjects develop gastrointestinal, neurological, ophthalmological, and hematological abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.20.1.663
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EPIDEMIOLOGY OF WHEAT LEAF AND STEM RUST IN THE CENTRAL GREAT PLAINS OF THE USA1 (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 38 (2000), S. 491-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Notes: Abstract Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) is grown throughout the grasslands from southern Mexico into the prairie provinces of Canada, a distance of nearly 4200 km. The total area seeded to wheat varies considerably each year; however, from 28 to 32 million ha are planted in the Great Plains of the United States alone. Generally in the central Great Plains, an area from central Texas through central Nebraska, 15 million ha are seeded to winter wheat each year. A wide range of environmental conditions exist throughout this area that may affect the development and final severity of wheat leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina L), stripe rust (caused by P. striiformis), and stem rust (caused by P. graminis Pers. f. sp tritici) epidemics and the subsequent reduction in wheat yields. Variation in severity of rust epidemics in this area depends on differences in crop maturity at the time of infection by primary inoculum, host resistance used, and environmental conditions. The interrelationships among time, host, pathogen and environment are complex, and studying the interactions is very difficult. Historically, cultivars with new or different leaf rust resistance genes become ineffective after several years of large-scale production within the Great Plains, and then cultivars carrying new or different resistance genes must be developed and released into production. This is the typical "boom and bust" cycle of the cereal rust resistance genes in the central Great Plains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.38.1.491
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE HEALTH BENEFITS OF WINE (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nutrition 20 (2000), S. 561-593 
    Details
    ISSN: 0199-9885
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Epidemiologic studies from numerous disparate populations reveal that individuals with the habit of daily moderate wine consumption enjoy significant reductions in all-cause and particularly cardiovascular mortality when compared with individuals who abstain or who drink alcohol to excess. Researchers are working to explain this observation in molecular and nutritional terms. Moderate ethanol intake from any type of beverage improves lipoprotein metabolism and lowers cardiovascular mortality risk. The question now is whether wine, particularly red wine with its abundant content of phenolic acids and polyphenols, confers additional health benefits. Discovering the nutritional properties of wine is a challenging task, which requires that the biological actions and bioavailability of the 〉200 individual phenolic compounds be documented and interpreted within the societal factors that stratify wine consumption and the myriad effects of alcohol alone. Further challenge arises because the health benefits of wine address the prevention of slowly developing diseases for which validated biomarkers are rare. Thus, although the benefits of the polyphenols from fruits and vegetables are increasingly accepted, consensus on wine is developing more slowly. Scientific research has demonstrated that the molecules present in grapes and in wine alter cellular metabolism and signaling, which is consistent mechanistically with reducing arterial disease. Future research must address specific mechanisms both of alcohol and of polyphenolic action and develop biomarkers of their role in disease prevention in individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.20.1.561
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE CRITICAL ROLE OF THE MELANOCORTIN SYSTEM IN THE CONTROL OF ENERGY BALANCE (2004)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nutrition 24 (2004), S. 133-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0199-9885
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Animals have developed highly adaptive and redundant mechanisms to maintain energy balance by matching caloric intake to caloric expenditure. Recent evidence has pointed to a variety of peripheral signals that inform specific central nervous system (CNS) circuits about the status of peripheral energy stores as critical to the maintenance of energy balance. A critical component of these CNS circuits is the melanocortin system. Regulation of signaling by melanocortin 3 and melanocortin 4 receptors in the CNS is controlled via neuronal cell bodies in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus that synthesize melanocortin receptor agonists such as alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) or antagonists such as agouti-related protein (AgRP). The activity of these two populations of neurons is reciprocally regulated by a number of peripheral and central systems that influence energy balance. Further, increased melanocortin signaling via pharmacological or genetic means in the CNS causes potent reductions in food intake and weight loss. Decreased melanocortin signaling via pharmacological or genetic means results in increased food intake and weight gain. Reviewed here is the wide range of evidence that points to the melanocortin system as a critical node in the diverse neurocircuitry that regulates food intake and body weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132428
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NEMATODE PARASITISM GENES (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 38 (2000), S. 365-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ability of nematodes to live on plant hosts involves multiple parasitism genes. The most pronounced morphological adaptations of nematodes for plant parasitism include a hollow, protrusible stylet (feeding spear) connected to three enlarged esophageal gland cells that express products that are secreted into plant tissues through the stylet. Reverse genetic and expressed sequence tag (EST) approaches are being used to discover the parasitism genes expressed in nematode esophageal gland cells. Some genes cloned from root-knot (Meloidogyne spp.) and cyst (Heterodera and Globodera spp.) nematodes have homologues reported in genomic analyses of Caenorhabditis elegans and animal-parasitic nematodes. To date, however, the candidate parasitism genes endogenous to the esophageal glands of plant nematodes (such as the ss-1,4-endoglucanases) have their greatest similarity to microbial genes, prompting speculation that genes for plant parasitism by nematodes may have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.38.1.365
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SECULAR TRENDS IN DIETARY INTAKE IN THE UNITED STATES* (2004)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nutrition 24 (2004), S. 401-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 0199-9885
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: This review focuses on dietary intake and dietary supplement use among the U.S. population age 1-74 based on four National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted in 1971-74, 1976-80, 1988-94, and 1999-2000. Secular trends in intake of energy, macronutrients, cholesterol, sodium, calcium, iron, folate, zinc, vitamins A and C, fruits, vegetables, and grain products are summarized. During the 30-year period, mean energy intake increased among adults, and changed little among children age 1-19, except for an increase among adolescent females. Factors contributing to increases in energy intake include increases in the percentage of the population eating away from home (particularly at fast-food restaurants), larger portion sizes of foods and beverages, increased consumption of sweetened beverages, changes in snacking habits, and improved dietary methodology. Dietary supplement use increased among adult men and women, decreased among children age 1-5, and was stable for children age 6-11 and adolescents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073349
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