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  • Articles  (2)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
  • Annual Reviews  (2)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Elsevier
  • Munksgaard International Publishers
  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1955-1959
  • 1920-1924
  • 2001  (2)
  • 1959
  • 1955
  • Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering  (2)
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  • Articles  (2)
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  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1955-1959
  • 1920-1924
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CARBON SINKS IN TEMPERATE FORESTS1 (2001)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Environment and Resources 26 (2001), S. 435-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1056-3466
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In addition to being scientifically exciting, commercially important, and environmentally essential, temperate forests have also become a key diplomatic item in international climate negotiations as potential sinks for carbon. This review presents the methods used to estimate carbon sequestration, identifies the constraints and opportunities for carbon sequestration in temperate forests, addresses the issues raised by the monitoring of carbon sequestration, and analyzes uncertainties pertaining to the sequestration of carbon by temperate forests. This review serves a dual purpose: It aims at informing policy makers about carbon sequestration in temperate forests and at making forest ecologists, biogeochemists, and atmospheric scientists aware of the structure of an international agreement to reduce CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions and some of the real, still answered scientific questions that it poses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.26.1.435
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PROTECTING AGRICULTURAL CROPS FROM THE EFFECTS OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE EXPOSURE: Reconciling Science and Standard Setting in the United States, Europe, and Asia (2001)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Environment and Resources 26 (2001), S. 237-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1056-3466
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Ozone (O3) is well documented as the air pollutant most damaging to agricultural crops and other plants. Most crops in developed countries are grown in summer when O3 concentrations are elevated and frequently are sufficiently high to reduce yields. This article examines the difficulties in scientifically determining the reduction in yield that results from the exposure of agricultural crops to surface O3 and then transforming that knowledge into efficient and effective regulatory standards. The different approaches taken by the United States and Europe in addressing this issue as well as the few studies that have been conducted to date in developing countries are examined and summarized. Extensive research was conducted in the United States during the 1980s but has not been continued. During the 1990s, the European community forged ahead with scientific research and innovative proposals for air-quality standards. These efforts included the development of a "critical level" (CL) for O3 based on a cumulative exposure above a cutoff concentration below which only an acceptable level of harm is incurred. Current research focuses on estimating O3 dosage to plants and incorporating this metric into regulatory standards. The US regulatory community can learn from current European scientific research and regulatory strategies, which argue strongly for a separate secondary standard for O3 to protect vegetation. Increasing impacts of O3 on crops are likely in developing countries as they continue to industrialize and their emissions of air pollutants increase. More research is needed on surface O3 concentrations in developing countries, on their projected increase, and on the sensitivity that crop cultivars used in developing countries have to O3. The threat of reduced agricultural yields due to increasing O3 concentrations may encourage developing countries to increase their energy efficiency and to use different energy sources. This could simultaneously achieve a local benefit through improved regional air quality and a global benefit through a reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.26.1.237
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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