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  • Articles  (259)
  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (233)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (26)
  • Elsevier  (142)
  • American Geophysical Union  (26)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (26)
  • Oxford University Press  (21)
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  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (259)
  • 1985-1989
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  • 1991  (129)
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  • Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering  (33)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (20)
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  • Articles  (259)
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  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (233)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (26)
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  • 2005-2009
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DISCUSSION OF “Correlations of Permeability and Grain Size,” by Russell G. Shepherd, September-October 1989 issue, v. 27, no. 5, pp. 633-638 (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 28 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1990.tb02237.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of the Proposed Qattara Reservoir on the Moghra Aquifer of Northwestern Egypt (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 29 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: This paper examines hydrogeologie effects of proposed diversion of water from the Mediterranean Sea to the Qattara Depression for generation of electricity in northwestern Egypt. The Lower Miocene Moghra aquifer directly underlies the Qattara Depression, extending to the east and dipping beneath younger formations to the north. The Qattara Depression is a sink for ground-water flow from the Nile Delta aquifer in the east, the Mediterranean Sea in the north, and the Nubian artesian aquifer in the south. In this study, a two-dimensional finite-difference model was used in conjunction with available meteorologie, geologic, and hydrologie data to characterize the present ground-water conditions in this aquifer and to make predictions about the water-table rise which could occur as a result of the proposed Qattara Reservoir. Model predictions indicate that creation of the reservoir could cause a 30-meter rise of the Moghra aquifer's water table in the central part of the Qattara Depression. This water-table rise decreases to the north and east. Transient simulations indicate that steady-state conditions in the modeled area of the Moghra aquifer are not likely to be reached during the expected 100-year lifetime of the reservoir.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1991.tb00515.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural Bioremediation of Organic Contaminants in Ground Water Cliffs-Dow Superfund Site (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 28 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Ground water in the immediate vicinity of an area previously used for the disposal of charcoal manufacturing wastes has been shown to contain low levels of phenolic and polycyclic compounds. Based on the analysis of samples obtained from monitoring wells, the levels of the organic contaminants are reduced to near or below the detection limit within a distance of 100 meters downgradient of the fill. Examination of the ground-water chemistry indicated that the aquifer is essentially aerobic across the site, except in the immediate vicinity of the fill. At this point, dissolved oxygen is apparently depleted due to the biodegradation of organic contaminants introduced into the ground water, with a concomitant increase in the inorganic carbon concentration. Laboratory microcosm experiments demonstrated that the naturally occurring microorganisms can readily degrade a mixture of the predominant organic contaminants. Half-lives for biodegradation were in the range of 3 to 8 days for phenolic substrates, and 11 to 18 days for naphthalene. Computer model simulations indicated that the attenuation observed in the aquifer cannot be explained in terms of physical processes such as adsorption or dispersion, but is consistent with biological degradation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1990.tb01709.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of stomata of senescing and nonsenescing leaves of Nicotians glauca to changes in intercellular concentrations of leaf carbon dioxide (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Gas exchange measurements were performed to test the hypothesis that failure of stomata to open in senescing leaves of Nicotiana glauca is caused by elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide in the intercellular spaces of leaf mesophyll tissue (ci). Senescing leaves selected for experiments were completely chlorotic and lacked positive rates of photosynthesis. When stomata in detached epidermis from senescing leaves were illuminated in CO2-free air, they opened to similar apertures as those in detached epidermis from nonsenescing leaves. To compare the effects of changes in ci on stomatal responses of the two leaf types, leaf ‘flags’ of either nonsenescing or senescing leaves were illuminated at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 500 μmol m−2 s−1 in a gas exchange cuvette. Leaf temperatures were maintained at 23.5 ± 0.5°C, and vapour pressure differences between leaves and the air were maintained between 0.70 and 0.75kPa. Ci was adjusted by changing external concentrations of carbon dioxide in air circulating through the cuvette. Conductances and photosynthetic rates of nonsenescing leaves changed in response to changes in ci, but neither the conductances nor the photosynthetic rates of senescing leaves were affected significantly by changes in q. We conclude that guard cells of senescing leaves of Nicotiana glauca do not lose the capacity to respond to changes in carbon dioxide concentration and that increases in ci resulting from declining rates of mesophyll photosynthesis are not the sole cause of maintenance of stomatal closure during leaf senescence. The data suggest that factors external to guard cells may prevent them from responding to changes in carbon dioxide concentrations in intact senescing leaves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1991.tb00967.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat flow maintained in ocean basins of great age: investigations in the north-equatorial West Pacific (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 102 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Multipenetration heat flow measurements have been made at four sites in deep basins of the west-central Pacific Ocean: the West Mariana Basin, Central Mariana Basin, Nauru Basin and Central Pacific Basin. The final heat flows are, respectively, 46.6 /pm 0.5, 49.4 /pm 0.2, 44.2 /pm 0.9 and 49.5 /pm 1.1 mW m-2. Each site was surveyed by single-channel seismic reflection profiling, and provided a gravity core. The instrument measured thermal conductivity in situ over the entire depth intervals used for determination of the gradients, and the reduction scheme iterated conductivity and heat-capacity changes into the fitting procedure, both of entry frictional decays and of conductivity heat pulse decays. The absolute accuracy of the instrument should approach 2 per cent and the first site would make a good intercalibration standard for heat flow measurement. The heat flow variation between the sites is real, and there is also a significant variation in the isostatically reduced depths of the sites. There is no age progression of either depth or heat flow, and, when five other good multidata points are included, the relationship between depth and heat flow conforms to that expected from simple cooling models only in an average sense for the whole group. The most plausible explanation for the variations is that heat flow and thermal elevation are dependent on different levels of deep lithosphere reheating at different times between 70 and 120 Myr ago. It is suggested that additional topographic variation is caused by the different accumulations of sediment and lava flows at each site, and to errors in the isostatically reduced depths due to incomplete knowledge of the stratigraphy down to the crust-mantle interface. These explanations of the topographic variation could be tested by seismic refraction measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1990.tb04586.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of a laterally variable lower mantle structure from P- and S-waves (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 102 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Examples of Gräfenberg-array data showing anomalous P-waves which typically arrive 3–5 s after the direct P-wave and which have a slowness 0.7–0,8 s deg-1 smaller than direct P are presented. This additional phase is most frequently observed for events located in the NE portion of the southern Kurile Island subduction zone 73°-80° from Gräfenberg, but systematically disappears for events in the SW portion of this zone.Because of the magnitude of the slowness difference, these observations cannot be attributed to a complex source rupture process nor to multipathing through the descending slab. Likewise, they may not be accounted for by near-receiver structure because these phases are not seen for all Kurile events. If present they appear at all stations of the array but they follow direct P too closely to be a multiple from the Mono. Therefore, we conclude they are very likely caused by lower mantle velocity structure.The most likely explanation is the presence of a P velocity jump of about 3 per cent approximately 290km above the core-mantle boundary, since such a reflector in the lowermost mantle not only gives a good fit of traveltimes and slowness but is also able to model the waveform and the amplitudes of this additional P phase. the distribution of bounce points on this reflector for the Kurile events indicates a lateral extension of this velocity anomaly under northern Siberia of about 150 km by at least 200 km. the best fitting S-wave model has a reflector in the same depth, but the velocity contrast seems to be only about 2 per cent suggesting a different behaviour of the P and S velocity in D″.Few events from other regions in this distance range are suitable for a definitive analysis of this kind. From among this group some observations indicate a lower mantle anomaly under the Lomonosow Ridge and under northern Greenland; but since the lower mantle under western Siberia, northern Novaya Zemlya, the Azores Islands region and the USSR-Afghanistan border region does not produce an additional phase in the Gräfenberg recordings it is very unlikely that such a velocity anomaly in the lowermost mantle is a global feature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1990.tb00544.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dipping antiplane crack (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 106 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: We derive the elastostatic field arising from the introduction of a 2-D dipping antiplane crack at the surface of an elastic half-space having a pre-existing uniform field. The problem is equivalent to that of two identical, joined, antiplane cracks in an infinite, uniformly strained medium; each crack is inclined by the same amount from the axis of symmetry, giving rise to a bent crack. For cracks with the same depth of crack tip beneath the surface, the amount of elastic energy released increases with the angle from the vertical. However, the rate of energy release with increasing angle is less than the rate of increase of surface energy. Plane, vertical cracks are favoured energetically in infinite, homogeneous media, while bent cracks are favoured in heterogeneous media where a crack must deviate from straight line growth in order to bypass a high-strength barrier. We compare the trade-offs in total energy of bent cracks with barrier energies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1991.tb06331.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-Link Cluster Analysis, Synthetic Earthquake Catalogues, and Aftershock Identification (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 104 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: This paper investigates several aspects of synthetic catalogue generation and aftershock identification schemes. First, we introduce a method for generating synthetic catalogues of earthquakes. This method produces a catalogue which has the geographic appearance of an actual catalogue when the hypocentres are plotted in map view, but allows us to vary the spatial and temporal relationships between pairs of close events. Second, we discuss six statistics to measure certain characteristics of synthetic and actual catalogues. These include four new statistics So, Bo, S1 and B1 which evaluate the distributions of link lengths between events in space and space-time as computed by single-link cluster analysis (SLC). Third, we develop a new scheme for identifying aftershocks in which a group of events forms an aftershock sequence if each event is within a space-time distance D of at least one other event in the group. We define the space-time separation of events by dst=√(d2+C2τ2), where d is the spatial separation of events, τ is the time separation, and C= 1km day-1. Our experience with several synthetic catalogues suggests that an appropriate trial value for D is 9.4 km1/2 (√S1) - 25.2 km. Here, S1, is the median link length using SLC with the metric dsT. Fourth, we generate synthetic catalogues resembling both teleseismic and local network catalogues to evaluate the validity and reliability of this aftershock identification scheme, as well as other schemes proposed by Gardner & Knopoff (1974), Shlien & Toksöz (1974), Knopoff, Kagan & Knopoff (1982), and Reasenberg (1985). Using a simple scoring method, we find that the SLC method compares favourably with other aftershock identification algorithms described in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1991.tb02512.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulatory functions of the three nodD genes of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 4 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The three nodD genes of a strain of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli were cloned to study their effects on transcription of themselves and of the nodC genes of biovars phaseoli and viciae. Efficient transcription of nodD1 required nodD1 and was enhanced by exposure of the cells to bean exudate consistent with the presence of a nod-box preceding the nolE-nodD1 operon. Transcription of nodD2 and nodDZ was constitutive. nodC of R. leguminosarum biovar phaseoli was activated by each of the nodD genes of that biovar in the absence of inducers but expression was enhanced in cells grown with bean exudate or the flavonoids genistein or naringenin. A mutant of nodD2, tacking 60bp at its 3’end, activated nodC in the presence of inducer, but was defective in regulating certain of the nodD genes. The nodC gene of R. leguminosarum biovar viciae responded differently to the various nodD genes of R. leguminosarum biovar phaseoli than did the nodC of the latter biovar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00666.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spore colour in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) involves the developmentally regulated synthesis of a compound biosynthetically related to polyketide antibiotics (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 4 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Streptomyces coelicolor produces spores whose development of a grey colour requires the activity of the whiE locus. The cloned whiE locus was identified after mobilization into a whiE mutant of a library of S. coelicolor DNA inserted into a transmissible plasmid vector. The whiE region of the cloned DNA was localized both by subcloning and by mutagenesis of the cloned DNA with the Streptomyces transposon Tn4560. Nucleotide sequencing of this region revealed seven open reading frames, of which six show homo-logy at the level of deduced gene products with genes involved in the synthesis of polyketide antibiotics. A previously described S. coelicolor DNA segment encoding biosynthesis of a brown pigment (Horinouchi and Beppu, 1985) corresponds to the cloned whiE DNA. It is proposed that whiE is normally expressed only in the aerial hyphae, where the biosynthetic product is responsible for spore colour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00545.x
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