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  • 1
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    Preparation and properties of regenerated cellulose hydrogels (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-18
    Description: The regenerated cellulose (RCE) hydrogels were successfully prepared via an easy and green environmental method in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) aqueous solution. The effect of cellulose content on the thermostability properties, swelling behavior and retention rate of hydrogels was investigated. The thermostability of RCE hydrogels was slightly enhanced with the addition of 8 wt% cellulose, the highest decomposition temperature rose from 335 °C to 352 °C, and the least heat loss is about 75.60%. The equilibrium swelling ratio increases from 394.12% for 3% cellulose hydrogels to 619.46% for 8% cellulose hydrogels. The retention ratio increases from 1.13% to 28.46%.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 2
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    Ferroelastic domain switching in lead titanate zirconate ceramics: Temperature dependence and fracture toughness variations (2011)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2011-09-15
    Description: Ferroelastic domain switching in electrically-poled lead titanate zirconate (PZT) ceramics were investigated during uni-axial compression up to 400MPa, at a series of temperatures from 25°C to 180°C. It is found that both the stress-induced switchable polarization and switchable strain in the electrically-poled PZT samples decrease steadily with the increasing temperature. By measuring the polarization variations and strain variations of unpoled, prepoled and depoled PZT samples during a full cycle of heating-cooling, it is found that the reduced switchable polarization by stress is caused by the pyroelectric effect and the reduced switchable strain is due to the lattice distortion and thermal shrinkage effect. The fracture toughness of electrically poled and mechanically depoled PZT ceramics were both measured by Vickers indentation and it is found that the fracture toughness anisotropy can even reach 3.63 in the later, significantly larger than that of 2.62 in the former.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 3
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    Study of thermal environment in Jingjintang urban agglomeration based on WRF model and Landsat data (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-19
    Description: In recent decades, unprecedented urban expansion has taken place in developing countries resulting in the emergence of megacities or urban agglomeration. It has been highly concerned by many countries about a variety of urban environmental issues such as greenhouse gas emissions and urban heat island phenomenon associated with urbanization. Generally, thermal environment is monitored by remote sensing satellite data. This method is usually limited by weather and repeated cycle. Another approach is relied on numerical simulation based on models. In the study, these two means are combined to study the thermal environment of Jingjintang urban agglomeration. The high temperature processes of the study area in 2009 and 1990s are simulated by using WRF (the Weather Research and Forecasting Model) coupled with UCM (Urban Canopy Model) and the urban impervious surface estimated from Landsat-5 TM data using support vector machine. Results show that the trend of simulated air temperature ...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 4
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    Seasonal changes and controlling factors of sea surface pCO 2 in the Yellow Sea (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-19
    Description: Sea surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2 ) is an important parameter in the ocean carbon cycle system. By using accurate global sea surface pCO 2 data, we can directly estimate the ratio of net CO 2 uptake of global ocean, which can provide a support for further research of global carbon cycle. This article mainly discussed the seasonal changes of sea surface pCO 2 and the relationships of pCO 2 with sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration (Chla) in the Yellow Sea during winter, spring and summer, based on the data obtained by the shipboard measurements in February, May and August 2010. The results showed that the correlations of pCO 2 with SST and Chla were different in different seasons. SST and pCO 2 had a strong positive correlation in the range of higher SST for both spring and summer, and a relative weak correlation in winter, which can be fitted by a quadratic curve in ...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 5
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    Forest Height Inversion Using Dual-pol Polarimetric SAR Interferometry (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-19
    Description: Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (PolInSAR) has been extensively applied for forest parameter inversion over different frequencies and polarimetric conditions. So far, most research was based on full-pol SAR images with relatively small coverage. A spaceborne SAR system will have the potential for PolInSAR applications used for global forest monitoring. Spaceborne dual-pol SAR images usually have higher resolution and larger swath than full-pol mode. In this paper, forest height retrieval was attempted by PolInSAR from a L-band spaceborne dual-pol SAR pairs using HH and HV channels. The random volume over ground (RVoG) model was used to retrieve the height and the coherence optimization method was extended to the dual-pol PolInSAR, which makes use of polarimetry to enhance the quality of SAR interferograms. The three-stage process is also used in the dual-pol PolInSAR technique. Finally, the experimental test was performed for forest height estimation on the ...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 6
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    Research on control method of pre-tightening load based on moment method and strain gauge method (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: The most commonly used method to control the pre-tightening load of the bolt is torque measurement method and strain gauge method. The torque measurement method is convenient to use but usually leads to large control error, even up to ±25%. The strain gauge method is able to provide adequate control accuracy but is not convenient to use and costs are high. This study attempts to combine the advantages of the torque measurement method and the strain gauge method to form a kind of bolt pre-tightening force control method which is convenient for engineering application.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 7
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    Optimal scheduling modelling for wind power accommodation with compressed air energy storage and price-based demand response (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-10-31
    Description: Nowadays, price-based demand response (PDR) programs with compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems have been rapidly developed in China for wind power generation propagation. Based on this development trend, an optimal scheduling model considering thermal power units (TUs), wind power plants, PDR mechanisms and CAES plants is studied in this paper. Considering the factors of uncertainties in PDR, wind power output and electricity demand, a fuzzy power system optimal scheduling model for minimizing the sum of TUs operation cost, CAES plants cost and wind curtailment penalty is proposed. According to the fuzzy scheduling theory, the fuzzy chance constrains are converted into their clear equivalent forms. The simulation study is implemented with using the data from the Huntorf CAES plant, which can verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the optimal scheduling model. It is found that the use of CAES and PDR results in 11.1% reduction in thermal power units operation cost an...
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 8
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    Optimization of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from saline wastewater using Halomonas sp. H12 strain (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-11-06
    Description: Efficient simultaneous nitrogen removal and phosphorus accumulation microorganisms are great significance for the purification treatment of high salt wastewaters containing N and P. In this paper, the processes of nitrogen removal and phosphorus accumulation of Halomonas sp. H12 strain under high salt conditions were investigated. The optimal conditions of nitrogen removal and phosphorus accumulation were examined separately by using response surface methodology. The results showed that the Halomonas sp. H12 strain had high efficiency competent of nitrogen removal and phosphorus accumulation under high salt conditions under both growth stage and non-growth stage. Within 108 h, the rates of the nitrogen removal and phosphorus accumulation reached 78.51% and 49.18% respectively. During 0-84 h, the strain was in the growth stage, and its nitrogen removal rate and phosphorus accumulating rate increased gradually. At 84-108 h, the strain then entered the non-growth stag...
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 9
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    Influence of aggregate spatial distribution of concrete against projectile penetration (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-11-09
    Description: Coarse aggregate settlement may occur during concrete pouring, which affects the ability to resist projectile attack. In order to study the anti-penetration performance of concrete, and obtain high penetration resistance concrete, mesoscale finite element model of different aggregate space distribution of concrete was established, the numerical simulation of long rod rigid projectile penetrating into different concrete was conducted. The results showed that aggregate settlement had great influence on target scabbing; aggregate size and settlement had limited influence on projectile residual velocity.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 10
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    Analysis of influence of shield tunneling on overlying underground pipelines based on HSS model (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-07
    Description: Small strain stiffness properties of soil play an important role in correctly predicting the surrounding deformation of an underground excavation. Based on a case of analysis for overlying pipelines adjacent to the metro tunnel of Changzhou North Railway Station, a three-dimensional finite element model to analyze this typical problem is proposed. Small-strain of soil is considered to investigate the influence of shield tunneling on overlying underground pipelines. Based on Plaxis 3D, the hardening small-strain (HSS) constitutive model of soil is used in simulation analysis of the ground surface settlement and pipelines deformation. By comparing simulation results with the measured value, it shows that the actual deformation of engineering can be predicted more reasonably when the small strain stiffness of soil is considered in numerical analysis. After studying the influences on deformation characteristics of pipelines due to different burial depths, materials and the relative ...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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