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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Karyotypes and serum transferrin patterns of hybrids between Asian and Oceanian black rats, Rattus rattus (1971)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 34 (1971), S. 40-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Karyotypes and serum transferrin patterns were examined in Asian and Oceanian black rats (R. rattus). Japanese R. r. tanezumi and Malayan R. r. diardii had 2n=42, but Australian and New Guinea R. r. rattus showed 2n=38 chromosomes. F1 hybrids between Japanese and Australian rats and Malayan and New Guinea rats had 2n=40 chromosomes which consists of the two genomes of both parents. Although various matings between the F1 hybrids were made, only one F2 male rat with 2n=39 chromosomes was obtained. The F1 hybrids seem to be semisterile. Parental transferrin phenotypes were TfR in Japanese rats and TfCD in Oceanian rats. F1 hybrids examined showed TfRD in both male and female and one F2 hybrid had TfR type transferrin. Based on the above investigations, it is suggested that Asian and Oceanian black rats are geographically isolated and evolved different chromosomal and serum transferrin characteristics, but the sexual isolation of the two groups is incomplete at the present time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00285515
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Possible role of DNA synthesis in formation of sister chromatid exchanges (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 252 (1974), S. 739-741 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A chromatid consisting of DNA substituted with 5-bromode-oxyuridine (BUdR) can be clearly distinguished from one containing no BUdR using fluorescence staining techniques3?5, and visible light causes strand breaks in BUdR-substituted DNA regions6'7. Taking advantage of these facts I here present ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/252739a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous sister chromatid exchanges detected by a BUdR-labelling method (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 251 (1974), S. 70-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Fluorescence photomicrograph of metaphase chromosomes stained with acridine orange. This cell had previously been labelled with 1.0 µg ml?1 BUdR for 26 h and fixed according to the air-drying method following 1 h Colcemid treatment, 1,600. The cell had an exceptionally large number of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/251070a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoreactivation of sister chromatid exchanges induced by ultraviolet irradiation (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 249 (1974), S. 552-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The female rat kangaroo cell line, Pt-kl, had a doubling time of about 38 h in our culture conditions4. In the first experiment, exponentially growing cells were labelled with 3H-thymidine (0.2 fid ml"1, specific activity 12.1 Ci mmol"1) for 8 h, washed twice with fresh medium containing 10 juM ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/249552a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms for sister chromatid exchanges and their relation to the production of chromosomal aberrations (1977)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 59 (1977), S. 179-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract By taking advantage of the fact that fluorescent light (FL) induces strand breaks only in bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)-substituted DNA, and that those breaks eventually lead to the formation of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), the response of SCEs to FL was studied carefully in Chinese hamster chromosomes in which, out of four DNA strands, BrdU-substitution had occurred either in one or three strands. The FL-induced SCE frequency did not differ greatly between these two types of chromosomes. However, when they were submitted to caffeine treatment, a drastic increase in the frequency was detected in the trifilarly-substituted chromosomes while a significant decrease occurred in the unifilarly-substituted chromosomes. Based on these results, a working hypothesis was developed that the SCE can arise by at least two different mechanisms, one operating at replicating points probably utilizing the machinery of DNA replication, and the other acting only in the post-replicational DNA portion, probably in a similar fashion as assumed in a general model of crossing over in the eukaryote. These dual mechanisms may account for the discrepancy encountered in the explanations of the induction of SCEs by various exogenous agents as well as spontaneous SCEs. The present study also showed that some, but clearly not all, of chromatid deletions are the outcome of the failure to complete SCEs arising through these mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292776
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytogenetical survey of black rats, Rattus rattus, in southwest and Central Asia, with special regard to the evolutional relationship between three geographical types (1974)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 45 (1974), S. 99-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A chromosome survey of the black rat, Rattus rattus, was made from animals collected at different localities in Southwest and Central Asia. Asian type black rats (2 n=42) were distributed in northern India, northern Pakistan, while the Oceanian type rats (2 n=38) were found in southern India, southern Pakistan and Central Asia. A border line of distribution of rats with Asian and Oceanian types can be drawn dividing India and Pakistan into northern and southern parts. A hybrid type between Asian and Oceanian types was found in Karachi, Pakistan. Rats with 40 chromosomes, probably a transient type from Asian to Oceanian type, were found in Sri Lanka (Ceylon). It is suggested that these three geographic variants have developed via sequential events of Robertsonian fusion of acrocentric chromosomes in Asian type black rats. This fusion probably took place somewhere in southern India. The Oceanian type black rats that thus developed in southern India migrated widely to the rest of the world through Central Asia and Europe accompanying the movement of mankind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283833
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preferential occurrence of sister chromatid exchanges at heterochromatin-euchromatin junctions in the wallaby and hamster chromosomes (1979)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 74 (1979), S. 307-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chromosomes of two mammalian species, the white-throated wallaby and the rat-like hamster, possessed large amounts of constitutive heterochromatin which is detectable as C bands. By making use of this character, the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) was determined for the C band and the euchromatic regions of the chromosome. In both species, the distribution of SCEs in the euchromatin of chromosomes was found to be proportional to its metaphase length, while the number of SCEs localized in the C band regions was clearly fewer than expected on the basis of the relative length of those regions at metaphase. Many SCEs were, however, detected at the junctions between the euchromatin and the C band heterochromatin. All of these findings were consistent with previous observations on the Indian muntjac and the kangaroo rat chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01190745
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors involved in the production of banded structures in mammalian chromosomes (1972)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 38 (1972), S. 105-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dozens of reagents were tested for their ability to produce bands in Chinese hamster chromosomes by incubating air-dried preparations in aqueous solutions of these reagents for a definite period prior to the Giemsa staining. Acids were found to be without effect on the band production. Many of salts were able to induce bands if their pH was alkaline. Strong bases were also found to be potent band inducing reagents. They produced bands only in a few seconds. Protein denaturants such as urea, guanidine-HCl and several surface active compounds were also effective in the band production. — In the light of these results, it seems very likely that the solubilization or extraction of some chromosomal proteins, probably of acid nature, would be the primary cause of the appearance of the banded structure in chromosome arms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319958
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  • 9
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    Factors involved in the production of banded structures in mammalian chromosomes (1972)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1972-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0009-5915
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0886
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Preferential occurrence of sister chromatid exchanges at heterochromatin-euchromatin junctions in the wallaby and hamster chromosomes (1979)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0009-5915
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0886
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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