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  • 1
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    Certification of vapor phase hydrogen peroxide sterilization process for spacecraft application (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Type: 32nd ICES Conference; San Antonio, TX; United States
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Certification of vapor phase hydrogen peroxide sterilization process for spacecraft application (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: This paper describes the selection process and research activities JPL is planning to conduct for certification of hydrogen peroxide as a NASA approved technique for sterilization of various spacecraft parts/components and entire modern spacecraft.
    Type: 32nd ICES Conference; San Antonio, TX; United States
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  • 3
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    Dry-heat resistance of selected psychrophiles (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The dry-heat resistance characteristics of spores of psychrophilic organisms isolated from soil samples from the Viking spacecraft assembly areas at Cape Kennedy Space Flight Center, Cape Canaveral, Fla., were studied. Spore suspensions were produced, and dry-heat D values were determined for the microorganisms that demonstrated growth or survival under a simulated Martian environment. The dry-heat tests were carried out by using the planchet-boat-hot plate system at 110 and 125 C with an ambient relative humidity of 50% at 22 C. The spores evaluated had a relatively low resistance to dry heat. D (110 C) values ranged from 7.5 to 122 min, whereas the D (125 C) values ranged from less than 1.0 to 9.8 min.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: Applied and Environmental Microbiology; 34; Aug. 197
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  • 4
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    Response of selected microorganisms to experimental planetary environments (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Anaerobic and aerobic sporeformers and non-sporeformers were cultivated anaerobically in nutrient media under various pressures (up to 1800 psi) of pure H2, CH4, NH3, and H2S. Viability assays were performed periodically to determine growth, survival, or spore survival. Hydrogen up to 1800 psi demonstrated little or no suppression of growth with the possible exception of Bacillus coagulans at 1800 psi. The obligate anaerobes grew very well. Under CH4 the obligate anaerobes again exhibited the most prolific growth, whereas the facultative anaerobes grew well except under higher pressures. Ammonia at low pressure was extremely toxic to all test organisms. At 100 psi all populations were killed within 24 hours except Staphylococcus aureus which survived for 72 hours and the Bacillus spp. which produced a surviving population of approximately 10,000 spores/ml. All populations in H2S were killed within 24 to 48 hours except Proteus mirabilis which decreased to 100 cells/ml and the Bacillus spp. Spore survival studies of two months duration demonstrated that B. coagulans and B. pumilus survived under all experimental conditions. Clostridium novyi type B and C. sporogenes were killed rapidly in NH3 and H2S and demonstrated no sporulation.
    Keywords: SPACE BIOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-164064 , FR-11
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Response of selected microorganisms to experimental planetary environments (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Experiments indicate that hardy organisms will likely grow in the Martian environment if moisture is available, and that these organisms definitely present a threat to contamination of the biopackage if they are transported to the surface of Mars.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-136758 , SAPR-5
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  • 6
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    Response of selected microoganisms to experimental planetary environments (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A microbial population profile of mixed Cape Canaveral soil samples is presented. During this investigation a few organisms were isolated which exhibit the ability to grow at 3 C, 32 C, and 55 C. Growth curves are shown for three of these isolates, one of which grows extremely well at all three temperatures. Also included are studies dealing with growth of soil populations at zero and subzero temperatures. Results indicate growth at 0 C and -5 C, but not at 15 C or -65 C. The effect of storage temperature on dry soil is presented, and results show that psychrophilic populations decrease when soil is stored at room temperature, but do not decrease when soil is stored at -65 C. Results of an experiment with the simulated Martian environment are presented and indicate that nonsporeforming rods, sporeforming rods, and cocci can reproduce in the simulated environment when nutrients and moisture are supplied. The sporeforming rods are the predominant suvivors when dry soil is subjected to this environment.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-CR-119146 , SAPR-6
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  • 7
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    A study of psychrophilic organisms isolated from the manufacture and assembly areas of spacecraft to be used in the Viking mission (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The sampling of soils from the manufacture and assembly areas of the Viking spacecraft is reported and the methodology employed in the analysis of these samples for psychrophilic microorganisms, and temperature studies on these organisms is outlined. Results showing the major types of organisms and the percentage of obligate psychrophiles in each sample are given and discussed. Emphasis in all areas is toward application of these results to the objectives of the planetary quarantine program.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: NASA-CR-130009 , Semiann. NASA Spacecraft Sterilization Technol. Seminar; Jan 30, 1973 - Jan 31, 1973; New Orleans; United States
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  • 8
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    Anaerobic utilization of phosphite and hypophosphite by Bacillus sp. (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A Bacillus species capable of using phosphite and hypophosphite under anaerobic conditions was isolated from Cape Canaveral soil samples and grown on a glucose-mineral salts medium with phosphate omitted. The optimum hypophosphite concentration was 60 microg/ml, while the optimum phosphite concentration was greater than 1000 microg/ml. P-32-labeled hypophosphite was incorporated into the cell as organic phosphate, and little or no phosphate appeared in the medium when either hypophosphite or phosphite was the phosphorus source. When phosphate was present in the medium, phosphite was not metabolized. When both phosphite and hypophosphite were present, phosphite was used first and then hypophosphite.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: Applied and Environmental Microbiology; 35; May 1978
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  • 9
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    Response of terrestrial microorganisms to a simulated Martian environment (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Soil samples from Cape Canaveral were subjected to a simulated Martian environment and assayed periodically over 45 days to determine the effect of various environmental parameters on bacterial populations. The simulated environment was based on the most recent available data, prior to the Viking spacecraft, describing Martian conditions and consisted of a pressure of 7 millibars, an atmosphere of 99.9% CO2 and 0.1% O2, a freeze-thaw cycle of -65 C for 16 h and 24 C for 8 h, and variable moisture and nutrients. Reduced pressure had a significant effect, reducing growth under these conditions. Slight variations in gaseous composition of the simulated atmosphere had negligible effect on growth. The freeze-thaw cycle did not inhibit growth, but did result in a slower rate of decline after growth had occurred. Dry samples exhibited no change during the 45-day experiment, indicating that the simulated Martian environment was not toxic to bacterial populations. Psychrotrophic organisms responded more favorably to this environment than mesophiles, although both types exhibited increases of approximately 3 logs in 7 to 14 days when moisture and nutrients were available.
    Keywords: SPACE BIOLOGY
    Type: Applied and Environmental Microbiology; 35; Apr. 197
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  • 10
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    A study of psychrophilic organisms isolated from the manufacture and assembly areas of spacecraft to be used in the Viking mission (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The ability of psychrophilic microorganisms to grow in some of the environmental conditions suggested for Mars is studied with particular attention given to the effects of moisture and nutrients on growth. Results of growth with the slide culture technique are presented and indicate that this technique can be a rapid and sensitive technique for demonstration of microbial growth under various environmental conditions. Additional soil samples have been obtained from Cape Kennedy, and results of these assays at various low temperatures for psychrophilic populations are presented. The heat resistance of some of the psychrophilic sporeformers have been determined. Psychrophilic organisms were isolated from the teflon ribbons at Cape Kennedy and characterization of these was begun. In addition, heat survivors from the teflon ribbons are being investigated, and partial characterizations of these are presented.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: NASA-CR-137346 , REPT-3 , Semiannual NASA Spacecraft Sterilization Technol. Seminar; Feb 20, 1974 - Feb 21, 1974; San Francisco
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