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  • 1
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhuang, Guang-Chao; Lin, Yu-Shih; Elvert, Marcus; Heuer, Verena B; Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe (2014): Gas chromatographic analysis of methanol and ethanol in marine sediment pore waters: Validation and implementation of three pretreatment techniques. Marine Chemistry, 160, 82-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2014.01.011
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Low-molecular-weight (LMW) alcohols are produced during the microbial degradation of organic matter from precursors such as lignin, pectin, and carbohydrates. The biogeochemical behavior of these alcohols in marine sediment is poorly constrained but potentially central to carbon cycling. Little is known about LMW alcohols in sediment pore waters because of their low concentrations and high water miscibility, both of which pose substantial analytical challenges. In this study, three alternative methods were adapted for the analysis of trace amounts of methanol and ethanol in small volumes of saline pore waters: direct aqueous injection (DAI), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and purge and trap (P&T) in combination with gas chromatography (GC) coupled to either a flame ionization detector (FID) or a mass spectrometer (MS). Key modifications included the desalination of samples prior to DAI, the use of a threaded midget bubbler to purge small-volume samples under heated conditions and the addition of salt during P&T. All three methods were validated for LMW alcohol analysis, and the lowest detection limit (60 nM and 40 nM for methanol and ethanol, respectively) was achieved with the P&T technique. With these methods, ambient concentrations of volatile alcohols were determined for the first time in marine sediment pore waters of the Black Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. A strong correlation between the two compounds was observed and tentatively interpreted as being controlled by similar sources and sinks at the examined stations.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 2
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhuang, Guang-Chao; Lin, Yu-Shih; Bowles, Marshall W; Heuer, Verena B; Lever, Mark A; Elvert, Marcus; Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe (2017): Distribution and isotopic composition of trimethylamine, dimethylsulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate in marine sediments. Marine Chemistry, 196, 35-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2017.07.007
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Methylated amines and sulfides are ubiquitous organic nitrogen and sulfur compounds in the marine environment and could serve as important energy substrates to methanogens inhabiting anoxic sediments. However, their abundance and isotopic values remain largely unconstrained in marine sediments. In this study, we investigated the distribution of trimethylamine (TMA), dimethylsulfide (DMS) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in Aarhus Bay, Denmark and provided the first report for their stable carbon isotopic composition. Simultaneous measurement of those two compounds in small volumes of pore waters and sediments was accomplished with gas chromatography in combination with either a purge and trap system for quantification or a headspace method for carbon isotopic analysis. TMA in the solid phase (exchangeable pool, 0.3-6.6 µmol/kg wet sediment; base-extractable pool, 2-18 µmol/kg) was much more abundant than the dissolved pool (〈 20 nM), indicating strong adsorption of TMA to sediments. Likewise, total base-hydrolyzable DMS(P)t (including DMS and base-released DMS from DMSP) in sediment was at least three orders of magnitude higher (11-65 µmol/kg) than the dissolved pool of DMS(P)d in the pore water (including DMS and dissolved DMSP; 1-12 nM). TMA and DMS(P) contents in the solid phase peaked in the surface sediment, consistent with their phytodetrital origin. TMA was more 13C-depleted than DMS(P) (TMA: -36.4 per mil to -39.2 per mil; DMS: -18.6 per mil to -23.4 per mil), presumably due to different biological or biosynthetic origins of the respective methyl groups. Both compounds showed a downcore decrease in their solid-phase concentration, a feature that was attributed to microbial degradation, but progressive enrichment in 13C (up to 4 per mil) with depth was observed only for DMS(P). The considerable pool size of TMA and DMS(P) outlined in this study and geochemical evidence of their degradability suggested these two compounds could be potentially important substrates for methane production in sulfate-reducing environments.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 3
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lo, Li; Lai, Yung-Hsiang; Wei, Kuo-Yen; Lin, Yu-Shih; Mii, Horng-Sheng; Shen, Chuan-Chou (2013): Persistent sea surface temperature and declined sea surface salinity in the northwestern tropical Pacific over the past 7500years. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 66, 234-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.01.014
    Publication Date: 2023-02-12
    Description: To understand Holocene climate evolutions in low-latitude region of the western Pacific, paired δ18O and Mg/Ca records of planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (250-300 μm, sensu stricto, s.s.) from a marine core ORI715-21 (121.5°E, 22.7°N, water depth 760 m) underneath the Kuroshio Current (KC) off eastern Taiwan were analyzed. Over the past 7500 years, the geochemical proxy-inferred sea surface temperature (SST) hovered around 27-28 °C and seawater δ18O (δ18OW) slowly decreased 0.2-0.4‰ for two KC sites at 22.7° and 25.3°N. Comparison with a published high-SST and high-salinity equatorial tropical Pacific record, MD98-2181 located at the Mindanao Current (MC) at 6.3°N, reveals an anomalous time interval at 3.5-1.5 kyr ago (before 1950 AD). SST gradient between the MC site and two KC site decrease from 1.5-2.0 °C to only 0-1 °C, and δ18OW from 0.1-0.3‰ to 0‰ for this 2-kyr time window. The high SST and low gradient could result from a northward shift of the North Equatorial Current, which implies a weakened KC. The long-term descending δ18OW and increasing precipitation in the entire low-latitude western Pacific and the gradually decreasing East Asian summer monsoonal rainfall during middle-to-late Holocene is likely caused by different land and ocean responses to solar insolation and/or enhanced moisture transportation from the Atlantic to Pacific associated with the southward movement of ITCZ.
    Keywords: AGE; Core; CORE; Globigerinoides ruber, Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Globigerinoides ruber, δ18O; Holocene; Kuroshio Current; Mindanao Current; North Equatorial Current; Northwestern Pacific; ORI715-21; Sea surface salinity; Sea surface temperature; Seawater δ18O; δ18O, seawater, reconstructed
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 455 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Keywords: AT18/2; AT18-2; AT18-2_13; Atlantis (1997); Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Ethanol; Gulf of Mexico; MARUM; Methanol; MUC; MultiCorer; Purge and trap gas chromatography
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 12 data points
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  • 5
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lin, Yu-Shih; Lipp, Julius S; Yoshinaga, Marcos Yukio; Lin, Shao-Hsuan; Elvert, Marcus; Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe (2010): Intramolecular stable carbon isotopic analysis of archaeal glycosyl tetraether lipids. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 24(19), 2817-2826, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4707
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Glycolipids are prominent constituents in the membranes of cells from all domains of life. For example, diglycosyl-glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (2Gly-GDGTs) are associated with methanotrophic ANME-1 archaea and heterotrophic benthic archaea, two archaeal groups of global biogeochemical importance. The hydrophobic biphytane moieties of 2Gly-GDGTs from these two uncultivated archaeal groups exhibit distinct carbon isotopic compositions. To explore whether the isotopic compositions of the sugar headgroups provide additional information on the metabolism of their producers, we developed a procedure to analyze the d13C values of glycosidic headgroups. Successful determination was achieved by (1) monitoring the contamination from free sugars during lipid extraction and preparation, (2) optimizing the hydrolytic conditions for glycolipids, and (3) derivatizing the resulting sugars into aldononitrile acetate derivatives, which are stable enough to withstand a subsequent column purification step. First results of d13C values of sugars cleaved from 2Gly-GDGTs in two marine sediment samples, one containing predominantly ANME-1 archaea and the other benthic archaea, were obtained and compared with the d13C values of the corresponding biphytanes. In both samples the dominant sugar headgroups were enriched in 13C relative to the corresponding major biphytane. This 13C enrichment was significantly larger in the putative major glycolipids from ANME-1 archaea (~15 per mil) than in those from benthic archaea (〈7 per mil). This method opens a new analytical window for the examination of carbon isotopic relationships between sugars and lipids in uncultivated organisms.
    Keywords: 201-1229D; Biphytanes; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Elevation of event; Event label; Flare 1; GeoB12320; Joides Resolution; Latitude of event; Leg201; Longitude of event; M74/3; MARUM; Material; Meteor (1986); Remote operated vehicle QUEST; ROV-6; ROVQ; Sample code/label; see reference(s); South Pacific Ocean; Standard error; δ13C
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 69 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: Aarhus_M5; Aarhus Bay; Base-hydrolysable dimethylsulfoniopropionate; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dimethylsulfoniopropionate, dissolved; Dimethylsulfoniopropionate, δ13C; MARUM; Methane; RL; Rumohr-Lot; Sulfate; Trimethylamine, base-extractable; Trimethylamine, exchangeable; Trimethylamine, δ13C; δ13C, methane; δ13C, organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 200 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: Aarhus_M1; Aarhus Bay; Base-hydrolysable dimethylsulfoniopropionate; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dimethylsulfoniopropionate, dissolved; Dimethylsulfoniopropionate, δ13C; MARUM; Methane; RL; Rumohr-Lot; Sulfate; Trimethylamine, base-extractable; Trimethylamine, exchangeable; Trimethylamine, δ13C; δ13C, methane; δ13C, organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 134 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: Acetate; Acetate, standard deviation; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Dimethyl sulfide; Dimethyl sulfide, standard deviation; Germany; Lake_Plußsee; MARUM; Methane; Methane, standard deviation; Methanethiol; Methanethiol, standard deviation; MUC; MultiCorer; see reference(s); Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 22 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 311-U1326D; 311-U1327C; 311-U1328C; Archaeal intact polar lipids; Bacterial intact polar lipids; Cascadia Margin Gas Hydrates; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Elevation of event; Event label; Exp311; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; Joides Resolution; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; see reference(s); Standard deviation; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 40 data points
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  • 10
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Inagaki, F; Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe; Kubo, Y; Bowles, Marshall W; Heuer, Verena B; Hong, W-L; Hoshino, Tatsuhiko; Ijiri, Akira; Imachi, H; Ito, M; Kaneko, Masanori; Lever, Mark A; Lin, Yu-Shih; Methe, B A; Morita, S; Morono, Yuki; Tanikawa, Wataru; Bihan, M; Bowden, Stephen A; Elvert, Marcus; Glombitza, Clemens; Gross, D; Harrington, G J; Hori, T; Li, K; Limmer, D; Liu, Chiung-Hui; Murayama, M; Ohkouchi, Naohiko; Ono, Shuhei; Park, Young-Soo; Phillips, S C; Prieto-Mollar, Xavier; Purkey, M; Riedinger, Natascha; Sanada, Yoshinori; Sauvage, J; Snyder, Glen T; Susilawati, R; Takano, Yoshinori; Tasumi, E; Terada, Takeshi; Tomaru, Hitoshi; Trembath-Reichert, E; Wang, D T; Yamada, Y (2015): Exploring deep microbial life in coal-bearing sediment down to ~2.5 km below the ocean floor. Science, 439 (6246), 420-424, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa6882
    Publication Date: 2023-04-29
    Description: Microbial life inhabits deeply buried marine sediments, but the extent of this vast ecosystem remains poorly constrained. Here we provide evidence for the existence of microbial communities in ~40° to 60°C sediment associated with lignite coal beds at ~1.5 to 2.5 km below the seafloor in the Pacific Ocean off Japan. Microbial methanogenesis was indicated by the isotopic compositions of methane and carbon dioxide, biomarkers, cultivation data, and gas compositions. Concentrations of indigenous microbial cells below 1.5 km ranged from 〈10 to ~10**4 cells cm**-3. Peak concentrations occurred in lignite layers, where communities differed markedly from shallower subseafloor communities and instead resembled organotrophic communities in forest soils. This suggests that terrigenous sediments retain indigenous community members tens of millions of years after burial in the seabed.
    Keywords: Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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