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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 25 (1992), S. 7282-7285 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 1307-1314 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Oxidation of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with 1-oxo-4-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinium chloride (oxoammonium salt, 1) prepared by a one-electron oxidation of the corresponding nitroxyl radical (2) was carried out. PVA with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 300 and a degree of saponification (DS) of 88 mol-% was oxidized with 1 in the presence of magnesium perchlorate in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to obtain a polymer containing 66 mol-% of ketone units. The oxidation was found to be dependent on solvent and additive and further, independent of DP but dependent on DS of PVA. In the case of PVA with extremely low (10 mol-%) or high (98,5 mol-%) DS, no or little oxidation took place. The highest ketone content was obtained in a polymer with a DS of 88 mol-%. Moreover, the ketone content of the oxidized PVA could be controlled by the amount of 1.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Synthesis of polymers with aldehyde or ketone groups at both chain ends was carried out by oxidation of polymeric terminal diols with an oxoaminium salt (OAS), the oxidized form of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl. Terminal diols of polyethers, polyesters, polycarbonates, polybutadiene, and hydrogenated polybutadiene were oxidized with 2,0 equiv. of OAS in dichloromethane at room temperature in the dark. The corresponding aldehyde-and/or ketoneterminated polymers were obtained in high yields with high conversion of OH group and little change in molecular weight. Poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(ethylene adipate) terminal diols were oxidized with low efficiency. Especially, in the case of poly(ethylene glycol), intermolecular reactions occurred to afford high molecular weight polymer. The ratio of aldehyde (CHO) to ketone (C=O) groups in the oxidized polymer originating from the hydrogenated polybutadiene terminal diol was calculated to be 37/63.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 1505-1512 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: oxoaminium salt ; cationic polymerization ; cationic initiator ; vinyl monomers ; block copolymerization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Oxoaminium salt (1), derived from 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO, 2) by one-electron oxidation, could be an initiator for cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers such as isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE), 2,3-dihydrofuran, p-methoxystyrene, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, etc., to give the corresponding polymers, when 1 had a low nucleophilic counter anion. Formation of the adducts of 1 and IBVE as well as 1H-NMR and IR data suggested the formation of polymers containing N—O—C structure as the polymer head group. In the polymerization of IBVE, the effects of solvent and concentration of 1 were little observed, however the polymerization rate was dependent on temperature. Furthermore, the thermal reaction of the polymers obtained, which were regarded as prepolymers for block copolymerization and polymeric initiators for radical polymerization, was studied. For example, poly(2-benzylidene-1,3-dioxane) obtained by the polymerization of 2-benzylidene-1,3-dioxane with oxoaminium hexafluoroantimonate (1, X = SbF6) was employed as an initiator for radical polymerization of MMA to give its block copolymer with PMMA. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 2937-2943 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: living radical polymerization ; p-bromostyrene ; MTEMPO ; BPO ; block copolymer ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Radical polymerization of p-bromostyrene was investigated with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator in the presence of 4-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (MTEMPO). The polymerization was performed in bulk for 3.5 h at 95°C and then continued for another 48 h at 125°C to afford the corresponding polybromostyrene with a narrow molecular weight distribution in high yield. 1H NMR study revealed that the polymer obtained had BPO and MTEMPO moieties at its head and tail, respectively. It was confirmed that the polymerization proceeded in accordance with living mechanism, because the molecular weight linearly increased with an increase of the conversion, and it was directly proportional to the reciprocal of the initial concentration of BPO. Furthermore, the polystyrene obtained in the present study could quantitatively act as the initiator for the polymerization of p-bromostyrene in the living radical manner to afford the corresponding block copolymer, and vice versa. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 269-276 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: living radical polymerization ; methylstyrene ; MTEMPO ; stability ; aminoxy chain end ; steric hindrance ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Radical polymerization of 2-, 3-, and 4-methylstyrenes (MeSts) was investigated with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator, in the presence of 4-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (MTEMPO). The polymerization was performed in bulk for 3.5 h at 95°C, and then continued for a defined time at 125°C, to give the corresponding poly(MeSt)s with narrow polydispersity in high yield. It was found that the polymerization proceeded in accordance with a living mechanism, because the molecular weight of the resulting polymers was proportional to the conversion, and to the reciprocal of the initial concentration of MTEMPO. It was found that steric hindrance between the methyl group of 2-MeSt, and the tetramethyl ones of MTEMPO, significantly contributed to the rate of polymerization, and to the stability of the growing polymer chain end. The stability decreased in the order of 2- 〉 3- 〉 4-MeSt, by occurrence of decomposition, which was caused by disproportionation of the growing chain end. However, the steric hindrance had no effect on the tacticity of the resulting polymer. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36, 269-276, 1998
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: poly(THF) ; TEMPO ; both the chain ends ; triblock copolymer ; living radical polymerization ; a transforming agent ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of poly(styrene-b-tetrahydrofuran (THF)-b-styrene) triblock copolymers was performed by transformation from living cationic into living radical polymerization, using 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (4-hydroxy-TEMPO) as a transforming agent. Sodium 4-oxy-TEMPO, derived from 4-hydroxy-TEMPO, reacted with the living poly(THF), which was prepared by cationic polymerization of THF using trifluoromethanesulfonic acid anhydride as an initiator, resulting in quantitative formation of the poly(THF) with TEMPO at both the chain ends. The resulting polymers were able to serve as a polymeric counter radical for the radical polymerization of styrene by benzoyl peroxide, to give the corresponding triblock copolymer in quantitative efficiency. The polymerization was found to proceed in accordance with a living mechanism, because the conversion of styrene linearly increased over time, and the molar ratio of styrene to THF units in the copolymer also increased as a result of increasing the conversion. The TEM pictures demonstrated that the resulting copolymers promoted microphase segregation. It was found that the films of these copolymers showed contact angles intermediate between those of poly(THF) and of polystyrene. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 2059-2068, 1998
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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