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  • 1
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    Iron isotopic systematics of UHP eclogites respond to oxidizing fluid during exhumation (2016)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-10
    Description: The iron stable isotope compositions ( δ 56 Fe) and iron valence states of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) eclogites from Bixiling in the Dabie orogen belt, China, were measured to trace changes of geochemical conditions during vertical transportation of earth materials, for example, oxygen fugacity. The bulk Fe 3+ /ΣFe ratios of retrograde eclogites, determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy, are consistently higher than those of fresh eclogites, suggesting oxidation during retrograde metamorphism and fluid infiltration. The studied eclogites (five samples) display limited MORB-like (~0.10 ‰) δ 56 Fe values, which are indistinguishable from their protoliths, i.e., gabbro cumulates formed through differentiation of mantle-derived basaltic magma. This suggests that Fe isotope fractionation during continental subduction is limited. Garnet separates display limited δ 56 Fe variation ranging from -0.08 ± 0.07 ‰ to 0.02 ± 0.07‰, whereas coexisting omphacite displays a large variation of δ 56 Fe values from 0.15 ± 0.07 ‰ to 0.47 ± 0.07 ‰. Omphacite also has highly variable Fe 3+ /ΣFe ratios from 0.367 ± 0.025 to 0.598 ± 0.024, indicating modification after peak metamorphism. Omphacite from retrograde eclogites has elevated Fe 3+ /ΣFe ratios (0.54 - 0.60) compared to that from fresh eclogites (~0.37), whereas garnet displays a narrow range of ferric iron content with Fe 3+ /ΣFe ratios from 0.039 ± 0.013 to 0.065 ± 0.022. The homogenous δ 56 Fe values and Fe 3+ /ΣFe ratios of garnet suggest that it survived the retrograde metamorphism and preserved its Fe isotopic features and ferric contents of peak metamorphism. Because of similar diffusion rates of Fe & Mg in garnet and omphacite, and constant Δ 26 Mg omphacite-garnet values (1.14 ± 0.04‰), equilibrium iron isotope fractionation between garnet and omphacite was probably achieved during peak metamorphism. Elevated Fe 3+ /ΣFe ratios of omphacite from retrograde eclogites and variant Δ 56 Fe omphacite-garnet values of the studied eclogites (0.13 ± 0.10 ‰ to 0.48 ± 0.10 ‰) indicate that oxidized geofuild infiltration resulted in elevation of δ 56 Fe values of omphacite during retrograde metamorphism. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0263-4929
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-1314
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
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    Effect of Annealing Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline α-iron: an Atomistic Study (2015)
    Springer Nature
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-14
    Description: Claims are often found in the literature that metallic materials can be nanocrystallized by severe plastic deformation (SPD). However, SPD does not generate a well-defined nanocrystalline (NC) material, which can be achieved by subsequent annealing/recovery treatment. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is employed to study the effect of annealing on structure and mechanical properties of cyclic deformed NC α-iron, which simulates SPD-processed α-iron. It is demonstrated that grain boundaries in the deformed NC α-iron evolve to a more equilibrium state during annealing, eliminating or minimizing the residual stress. The annealing treatment increases the system's strength by reducing dislocation emission sources, and improves material ductility through strengthening grain boundaries' resistance to intergranular cracks. The results indicate that the annealing treatment is an essential process for obtaining a well-defined NC structure with superior mechanical properties. Scientific Reports 5 doi: 10.1038/srep08459
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 3
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    Numerical investigation for one bad-behaved flow in a Pelton turbine (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-16
    Description: The gas-liquid two-phase flow in pelton turbines is very complicated, there are many kinds of bad-behaved flow in pelton turbines. In this paper, CFD numerical simulation for the pelton turbine was conducted using VOF two-phase model. One kind of bad-behaved flow caused by the two jets was captured, and the bad-behaved flow was analysed by torque on buckets. It can be concluded that the angle between the two jets and the value of ratio of runner diameter and jet diameter are important parameters for the bad-behaved flow. Furthermore, the reason why the efficiency of some multi-jet type turbines is very low can be well explained by the analysis of bad-behaved flow. Finally, some suggestions for improvement were also provided in present paper.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 4
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    Investigation on cavitation for hump characteristics of a pump turbine in pump mode (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-16
    Description: In order to get the accurate hump characteristic curve of a pump turbine in pump mode, three dimensional steady simulations were carried out using SST k-ω turbulence model with cavitation model and without cavitation model under different operation condition points with 19 mm guide vanes opening. A refinement grids were generated to adapt the turbulence model. The results obtained with cavitation model show a better agreement with experiments. The detailed analysis was undertaken to find out the relationship between the cavitation and hump region. It is concluded that the hump characteristic is related with cavitation.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 5
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    Incorporating TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 nanotubes with a peptide of D-amino K122-4 (D) for enhanced mechanical and photocatalytic properties (2016)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-27
    Description: Incorporating TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 nanotubes with a peptide of D-amino K122-4 (D) for enhanced mechanical and photocatalytic properties Scientific Reports, Published online: 26 February 2016; doi:10.1038/srep22247
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 6
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    Dynamic Analysis and CFD Numerical Simulation on Backpressure Filling System (2015)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-13
    Description: A backpressure filling system is a kind of air type filling system which could be applied to power type, fine or coarse grain, or mixtures with fine and coarse components. The working principle of backpressure filling system was discussed based on fundamental hydromechanics. The research limit values of backpressure were achieved via mechanical analysis. Comparing with the exit velocity of material by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the CFD simulation model was confirmed and its related parameters were determined. The CFD numerical simulation shows the relationship between production capacity of packaging machine and backpressure, and the results matched actual operation of the equipment well. Combining with the demand of device capacity, the range of backpressure could be controlled at 8 kPa~11 kPa.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 7
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    Defective angiogenesis in mice lacking endoglin (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-29
    Description: Endoglin is a transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) binding protein expressed on the surface of endothelial cells. Loss-of-function mutations in the human endoglin gene ENG cause hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT1), a disease characterized by vascular malformations. Here it is shown that by gestational day 11.5, mice lacking endoglin die from defective vascular development. However, in contrast to mice lacking TGF-beta, vasculogenesis was unaffected. Loss of endoglin caused poor vascular smooth muscle development and arrested endothelial remodeling. These results demonstrate that endoglin is essential for angiogenesis and suggest a pathogenic mechanism for HHT1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, D Y -- Sorensen, L K -- Brooke, B S -- Urness, L D -- Davis, E C -- Taylor, D G -- Boak, B B -- Wendel, D P -- K08 HL03490-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T35 HL07744-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 28;284(5419):1534-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Human Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5330, USA. dean.li@hci.utah.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10348742" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD ; Antigens, CD31/analysis ; Blood Vessels/cytology/*embryology/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Crosses, Genetic ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology/*embryology/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Targeting ; In Situ Hybridization ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Electron ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology/*embryology ; *Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics/*physiology ; Yolk Sac/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Interleukin receptor activates a MYD88-ARNO-ARF6 cascade to disrupt vascular stability (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-13
    Description: The innate immune response is essential for combating infectious disease. Macrophages and other cells respond to infection by releasing cytokines, such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), which in turn activate a well-described, myeloid-differentiation factor 88 (MYD88)-mediated, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB)-dependent transcriptional pathway that results in inflammatory-cell activation and recruitment. Endothelial cells, which usually serve as a barrier to the movement of inflammatory cells out of the blood and into tissue, are also critical mediators of the inflammatory response. Paradoxically, the cytokines vital to a successful immune defence also have disruptive effects on endothelial cell-cell interactions and can trigger degradation of barrier function and dissociation of tissue architecture. The mechanism of this barrier dissolution and its relationship to the canonical NF-kappaB pathway remain poorly defined. Here we show that the direct, immediate and disruptive effects of IL-1beta on endothelial stability in a human in vitro cell model are NF-kappaB independent and are instead the result of signalling through the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) and its activator ARF nucleotide binding site opener (ARNO; also known as CYTH2). Moreover, we show that ARNO binds directly to the adaptor protein MYD88, and thus propose MYD88-ARNO-ARF6 as a proximal IL-1beta signalling pathway distinct from that mediated by NF-kappaB. Finally, we show that SecinH3, an inhibitor of ARF guanine nucleotide-exchange factors such as ARNO, enhances vascular stability and significantly improves outcomes in animal models of inflammatory arthritis and acute inflammation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3521847/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3521847/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhu, Weiquan -- London, Nyall R -- Gibson, Christopher C -- Davis, Chadwick T -- Tong, Zongzhong -- Sorensen, Lise K -- Shi, Dallas S -- Guo, Jinping -- Smith, Matthew C P -- Grossmann, Allie H -- Thomas, Kirk R -- Li, Dean Y -- R01 CA163970/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL065648/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL084516/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HL112311/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Dec 13;492(7428):252-5. doi: 10.1038/nature11603. Epub 2012 Nov 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23143332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ADP-Ribosylation Factors/*metabolism ; Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology ; Animals ; Arthritis/pathology ; Cadherins/metabolism ; Capillary Permeability/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Endothelial Cells/drug effects ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; GTPase-Activating Proteins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta/pharmacology ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/*metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Transport/drug effects ; Purines/pharmacology ; Receptors, Interleukin/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Thiophenes/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Netrins promote developmental and therapeutic angiogenesis (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-01
    Description: Axonal guidance and vascular patterning share several guidance cues, including proteins in the netrin family. We demonstrate that netrins stimulate proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human endothelial cells in vitro and that this stimulation is independent of known netrin receptors. Suppression of netrin1a messenger RNA in zebrafish inhibits vascular sprouting, implying a proangiogenic role for netrins during vertebrate development. We also show that netrins accelerate neovascularization in an in vivo model of ischemia and that they reverse neuropathy and vasculopathy in a diabetic murine model. We propose that the attractive vascular and neural guidance functions of netrins offer a unique therapeutic potential.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2577078/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2577078/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, Brent D -- Ii, Masaaki -- Park, Kye Won -- Suli, Arminda -- Sorensen, Lise K -- Larrieu-Lahargue, Frederic -- Urness, Lisa D -- Suh, Wonhee -- Asai, Jun -- Kock, Gerhardus A H -- Thorne, Tina -- Silver, Marcy -- Thomas, Kirk R -- Chien, Chi-Bin -- Losordo, Douglas W -- Li, Dean Y -- R01 HL068873/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL077671/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL077671-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 4;313(5787):640-4. Epub 2006 Jun 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Human Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809490" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement ; Chemotaxis ; DNA, Complementary ; Diabetic Angiopathies/therapy ; Diabetic Neuropathies/therapy ; Embryo, Nonmammalian ; Endothelial Cells/*physiology ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Ischemia/drug therapy ; Mice ; Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply ; *Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Nerve Growth Factors/genetics/pharmacology/*physiology ; Neural Conduction ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics/pharmacology/*physiology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/therapeutic use ; Zebrafish
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Research on geometric properties of arbitrary beam sections (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-21
    Description: The centroid, the moment of inertia, and the product of inertia for an arbitrary polygon and an arbitrary plane area, are formulated in algebraic forms and programmed with MATLAB software. Three numerical examples are shown and indicate the method can be easily computed by the computer for geometric properties of arbitrary beam sections in mechanics of materials with simply or multiply connected boundaries.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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