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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The coastal area of the Caspian Sea and Gorgan Bay are important ecosystems receiving discharge from their tributaries. In this study, concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn) and chromium (Cr) was seasonally determined at 8 sampling points during 2009-2010. Water samples were collected from the sampling stations and transferred to laboratory in polyethylene containers, whereas, sediment and benthic fauna samples were collected using a Van Veen grab. The levels of heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy method. Results showed that range of Pb, Cd, Cr and Zn in the water samples were 80-123, 61-97, 63-87 and 82-120 ppb, respectively and their ranges in the sediment samples were 479-1072, 98-293, 102-622 and 937-1577 ppb, respectively. The range of Pb, Cd, Cr and Zn in the benthos samples were 95-132, 59-110, 26-58 and 103-155 ppb, respectively. Zn and Pb were the most concentrate metals in all samples. Likewise, sediment had the highest heavy metal content amongst the samples. This study demonstrated that the level of metals in the environment is increasing, bringing a serious warning to industries and threat of man-made contamination, which can be restricted and a necessity to control ecosystem and food-chain pollution
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Water ; Heavy metals ; Sediment ; Benthos
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.449-455
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Cultured nine year old breeders of Mugil cephalus L. were subjected to eight artificial propagation treatments from December to February, 2003. Some female breeders received two injections in an interval of 24 hours, and others received a gradual daily injection of 500 IU HCG per kilogram of body weight for five days and then subjected to the two injection protocol. Male breeders were given 5-10mg of 17-a MT in addition to HCG. The result of the process was the production of 117-2000,000 larvae in six series for each breeder. Water temperature and salinity during artificial propagation process were 20-23C and 32ppt, respectively. For larvae culture two trials were conducted. The final density of larvae was 20 individuals per liter. Water temperature and salinity in larvae culture tanks were 22-24C and 32-33ppt, respectively. The larvae were fed from their second day post-hatching with algae Nannochloropsis oculata with a density of 500000 cells/l, rotifer Brachionus plicatilis with a density of 20 individuals/ml and also Artemia nauplii with a density of 3-200 individuals/l. The particle size of dry feed used was 100, 300 and 500 microns. The daily water exchange in larval culture tanks at the first, second and third weeks of post- hatching were 10, 20-30 and 40-50 percent respectively. In the first round of larval culture trials which were carried out by means of circular tanks under water 80 cm deep; all larvae died 12 days post-hatching. In the second experiment, which was carried out by three black color fiberglass tanks with water 100 cm deep, the survival rate was 0.9 percent 50 days post-hatching. There are two vertical migrations during first two weeks of the grey mullet larvae culture. The first sinking takes place after the second day post-hatching and is probably related to the rapid absorption of the yolk sac and the resulting change in specific gravity. The second sinking happened 8-11days post-hatching and is probably related to the full absorption of oil globule and the resulting increase in specific gravity. These migrations were found coinciding with high larval mortalities (critical points). It seems that the characteristics of larval culture tank such as shape, volume and depth, the nutritional circumstances of larvae and the aeration procedure are important and effective factors for the mullet to pass successfully from these critical periods.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Rearing ; Breeding ; Fibre glass ; Fish culture ; Mugil cephalus ; Brackish ; Mortality ; Survival ; Larval development ; Fish larvae ; Aquaculture techniques
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.153-160
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  • 3
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    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22699 | 18721 | 2018-05-16 20:30:38 | 22699 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The coastal area of the Caspian Sea and Gorgan Bay are important ecosystems receiving discharge from their tributaries. In this study, concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn) and chromium (Cr) was seasonally determined at 8 sampling points during 2009-2010. Water samples were collected from the sampling stations and transferred to laboratory in polyethylene containers, whereas, sediment and benthic fauna samples were collected using a Van Veen grab. The levels of heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy method. Results showed that range of Pb, Cd, Cr and Zn in the water samples were 80-123, 61-97, 63-87 and 82-120 ppb, respectively and their ranges in the sediment samples were 479-1072, 98-293, 102-622 and 937-1577 ppb, respectively. The range of Pb, Cd, Cr and Zn in the benthos samples were 95-132, 59-110, 26-58 and 103-155 ppb, respectively. Zn and Pb were the most concentrate metals in all samples. Likewise, sediment had the highest heavy metal content amongst the samples. This study demonstrated that the level of metals in the environment is increasing, bringing a serious warning to industries and threat of man-made contamination, which can be restricted and a necessity to control ecosystem and food-chain pollution.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Water ; Heavy metals ; Sediment ; Benthos ; Gorgan Bay ; Golestan province ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 449-455
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/23740 | 18721 | 2018-07-22 15:23:11 | 23740 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Cultured nine year old breeders of Mugil cephalus L. were subjected to eight artificial propagation treatments from December to February, 2003. Some female breeders received two injections in an interval of 24 hours, and others received a gradual daily injection of 500 IU HCG per kilogram of body weight for five days and then subjected to the two injection protocol. Male breeders were given 5-10mg of 17-a MT in addition to HCG. The result of the process was the production of 117-2000,000 larvae in six series for each breeder. Water temperature and salinity during artificial propagation process were 20-23C and 32ppt, respectively. For larvae culture two trials were conducted. The final density of larvae was 20 individuals per liter. Water temperature and salinity in larvae culture tanks were 22-24C and 32-33ppt, respectively. The larvae were fed from their second day post-hatching with algae Nannochloropsis oculata with a density of 500000 cells/l, rotifer Brachionus plicatilis with a density of 20 individuals/ml and also Artemia nauplii with a density of 3-200 individuals/l. The particle size of dry feed used was 100, 300 and 500 microns. The daily water exchange in larval culture tanks at the first, second and third weeks of post- hatching were 10, 20-30 and 40-50 percent respectively. In the first round of larval culture trials which were carried out by means of circular tanks under water 80 cm deep; all larvae died 12 days post-hatching. In the second experiment, which was carried out by three black color fiberglass tanks with water 100 cm deep, the survival rate was 0.9 percent 50 days post-hatching. There are two vertical migrations during first two weeks of the grey mullet larvae culture. The first sinking takes place after the second day post-hatching and is probably related to the rapid absorption of the yolk sac and the resulting change in specific gravity. The second sinking happened 8-11 days post-hatching and is probably related to the full absorption of oil globule and the resulting increase in specific gravity. These migrations were found coinciding with high larval mortalities (critical points). It seems that the characteristics of larval culture tank such as shape, volume and depth, the nutritional circumstances of larvae and the aeration procedure are important and effective factors for the mullet to pass successfully from these critical periods.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Grey mullet ; Mugil cephalus ; Artificial peopagation ; Larvae culture ; Mortality ; critical points ; Golestan Province ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 153-160
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This research was conducted on shrimp farms complex in the northern of Gomishan city, Golestan province. In order to reduce water pollution, around 30 hectares of sedimentation lagoon was constructed on the way of the main outflow channel of shrimp farm. For this project, three sampling stations were considered at the entrance of the shrimp farm, entrance of the lagoon (before entering the lagoon) and way out of the lagoon during the last 3 months of shrimp farming (at the end of August, September and October 2015). Physicochemical parameters including EC, BOD, NO3 and PO4 were measured. The amounts of BOD, nitrate and phosphate ions were not significantly different (P〉0.05) at three sampling stations which indicated that the impact of shrimp farming on these factors was not severe. The amounts of these factors at the entrance of the farm were the lowest and at the entrance of the lagoon were the highest. The amounts of these parameters were reduced in lagoon outflow. However, all of these changes were not significantly different from each other (P〉0.05). In general, Gomishan shrimp farming with this volume of production and the 30 hectares lagoon is not a serious threat for Gomishan wetland and the Caspian Sea ecosystem. But if the area of shrimp farms increases, some solutions should be found for wastewater treatment because of the increasing possibility of wetland pollution.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Lagoon ; Effluent Sewage ; Gomishan Shrimp Farms
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.163-167
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