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  • 1
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    Peptone production from marine and culture wastes by commercial enzymes for bacterial culture media (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Thirty to 40% of total fish catch is converted to waste. Using different methods of hydrolysis of the protein can be recovered of fish waste and increase the amount of protein efficiency. In this study, the four enzymes Alcalase , protamex , pepsin and trypsin were used for hydrolysis of four fish species including common carp (Cyprinus carpio) , silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) , grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and the Big head (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis). The effects of pH, temperature and hydrolysis time on the rate of hydrolysis were studied on soluble proteins and degree of hydrolysis (phase I ). In the second step, proximate factors of peptone been evaluated and eventually replace commercial peptone media MRS ( Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus delberuki , Lactobacillus casei , Streptococcus thermophilus ) and TSB ( Listeria monocytogenes, two species of Bacillus and Pseudomonas, Streptococcus faecium) and the optical density of bacteria at different times were compared with control samples . Results showed that the highest degree of hydrolysis and soluble proteins were referred to alcalase and protamex, pepsin and trypsin respectively. The highest value of hydrolysis, in all treatments, was attributed to grass carp and silver carp, common carp and big head respectively. The best pH and temperature for alcalase, protamex, pepsin and trypsin 8.5and 55, 7.5 and 55, 3.5, 37, 7 and 37 respectively. Best time to achieve the highest degree of hydrolysis and soluble protein was 90 minutes. Qualitative analysis showed that the highest and lowest amounts of protein and fat in the treatment of alcalase (about 70 % protein and less than 0.5 % fat ) and protamex, pepsin and trypsin was then . The results of bacteria culture showed that the highest percentage growth of lactic acid bacteria was referred to Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus casei had the lowest rate of growth. In other bacteria, Pseudomonas and Bacillus species were the highest percentage of growth and Listeria monocytogenes and Streptococcus faecium respectively. In all treatments, alcalase had the best results and the peptone prepared from fish waste grass carp had the best condition for growth of used bacteria. It seems that the initial substrate , the parameters used such as temperature, pH, and enzyme hydrolysis time , have a significant effect on the quality of peptone and protein content in the final product is determined value of protein for culture of bacteria.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Commercial ; Warm water ; Protease enzymes ; Bacteria ; Degree of hydrolysis ; Soluble proteins ; Fish waste ; Peptone ; Marine ; Culture ; Alcalase ; Protamex ; Pepsin ; Common carp ; Cyprinus carpio ; Silver Carp ; Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ; Grass carp ; Ctenopharyngodon idella ; Big head ; Hypophthalmichthys nobilis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 92pp.
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  • 2
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    Effects of edible film of sodium alginate on quality changes of dressed kilka in frozen storage (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The likely effects of sodium alginate edible coating on the quality of dressed kilka fish in the frozen storage was investigated. Sodium alginate edible coating was prepared in four concentrations (0.25, 0.75, 1.25, and 1.75%). Then, dressed kilka fish were coated with sodium alginate for 1h, packed in polyethylene dishes with cellophane blanket and stored at - 18°C. The amount of hem Iron, pH, percent lipid and organoleptic characteristics (odor, color) were assessed within 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 months (sample size: 125 packs of 250g). Results showed a significant difference between the mean hem iron and percent lipid and increase in sodium alginate concentration (P〈0.05). The pH of samples showed no significant difference (P〉0.05) with different levels of coating. Organoleptic results showed that the mean color and odor value of the samples were affected significantly by different levels of coating (P〈0.05). Use of sodium alginate edible coating to protect hem iron and improve organoleptic properties can increase the quality of kilka in frozen storage up to 4 months.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Kilka ; Edible coating ; Sodiume alginate ; Fish ; Fish quality
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.23-30
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  • 3
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    Identification of boneless parts in silver carp (Hypophthalmicthys molitrix) fillets (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The silver carp (Hypophthalmicthys molitrix) comprises a bout 50% to 85% of the composition of fish species in the polyculture system of warm water species in Iran. However, the difficulty in preparation of this speci es and the presence of pin bones are among the main reasons to restrict the dema nd of this species in the domestic markets, particularly in non-coastal province s. The objective of this study was to identify parts with less and/or no bones i n silver carp fillets. The shape, size and location of bones found in the flesh were studied by three methods: Enzyme digestion, cooking in hot water and X-ray scanning. Results showed that except vertebral bones and ribs, the thin bones fo und in different parts of the flesh can be categorized into three groups: Pin sh aped, Y shaped and non-regular shaped (several bifurcations). On the basis of de nsity and arrangement of bones, we found that the fillets are made up of three d ifferent layers: External layer mostly of dark muscles and lipids with no bones, middle layer with the highest density of bones and the internal layer which com prises about one third of the depth of fish flesh. The shape and arrangement of the bones in fish tail was significantly different. On the basis of recent findi ngs, the deep part of the back and a narrow band on the upper part of the back a re considered as boneless parts in silver carp.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ; X-rays ; Fish physiology ; Polyculture ; Seafood ; Freshwater fish ; Fish fillets ; Fish culture ; Freshwater
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.121-128
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  • 4
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    Comparison of effect of Zataria multiflora and Rosemarinus officinalis extracts on quality of minced frozen silver carp (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The aim of the this study was to have a comparison between Zataria multiflora and Rosemarinus officinalis extractson quality of minced frozen silver carp preserved in cold storage temperature -18°C for six months. In this research, one control and three treatments of minced silver carp were prepared as Tr1 (+ Zataria), Tr2 (+Rosemary) and Tr3 (mixed with Rosemary and Zataria) all in normal packaging. After quick freezing of samples in the spiral freezer they were preserved in cold storage temperature -18°C for six months. In this period, the changes of Peroxide Value, Total Volatile Nitrogen, Tio Barbituric Acid and Free Fatty Acids in all treatments were measured based ona predetermined schedule. The results of this investigation showed a significant effect of anti-oxidant inall treatments (p〈.05) and it was concluded that Rosemary containing anti-oxidants maintains the best quality after six months of cold storage and corruption indices are not exceeded. Analysis of Peroxide Value, Total Volatile Nitrogen, Tio Barbituric Acid and Free Fatty Acids in different treatments during six months of reservation in freezing under the temperature of -18°C showed that the obtained results to the end of the reservation period for all treatments has increased and treatment containing Rosemary, with Peroxide Value 6.83±0.35meq.1000g-1, Tio Barbituric Acid 2.1±0.1mgMAL.kg-1 and Total Volatile Nitrogen with 19.16±0.28mg.100g -1 had the best quality of preservation compared with other treatments during the preservation period. Therefore, based on these results and statistical analyses, the effect of anti-oxidant and time in all treatments is significant (p〈.05) and the treatments containing Rosemary had the best quality preservation status in -18°C and did not surpass perishing criteria during this period.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fish processing ; Extract ; Zataria multiflora ; Rosemarinus officinalis ; Freezing ; Quality ; Silvercarp
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.20-29
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  • 5
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    Systematic review of Anguilliformes order in Iranian Museums from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study focuses on Anguilliformes specimens revising which collected during 2006-08 in some Iranian museums. For this study, all museum samples from Iranian coastal waters of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea were investigated. The results indicated that species diversity in the Iranian waters can be classified into six families of Anguiliformes (Eels and Morays fishes). A total of 11 species - consisting of six families have been identified, of these the highest species diversity belongs to the Muraenidae with five genus and eight species. Also, there were two endemic species Muraenesox cienerus (Muraenesocidae) and Gymnothorax undulates (Muraenidae). More than ten rare species were the first report and record from Iranian territorial waters. There are Ichthyapus acuticeps, Synaphobranchus affinis, Strophidon sathete, Rhynomuraena quaestia, Gymnothorax johnsoni, G.kidako, Muraenesox bagio, Pseudoxenomystax albescens, Muraenesox talabonoides, and Conger cinereus cinereus.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biology ; Physiology ; Molecular ; Muraenesocidae ; Gymnothorax undulates ; Muraenidae ; Ichthyapus acuticeps ; Synaphobranchus affinis ; Strophidon sathete ; Rhynomuraena quaestia ; Gymnothorax johnsoni ; Muraenesox bagio ; Pseudoxenomystax albescens ; Muraenesox talabonoides ; Conger cinereus cinereus ; Systematic ; Anguilliformes ; Morphology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.407-426
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  • 6
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    Effects of aflatoxin B1 on growth performance, health indices, phagocytic activity and histopathological alteration in Fenneropenaeus indicus (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Mycotoxins contamination of feedstuff for aquatic animals is common in regions with humid tropical conditions. In this study Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus, (11.79 ± 1.76 g) were fed with diets containing 0, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 ppb levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFLB1) for 8 weeks. Final weight, aflatoxin B1 residue (2-week intervals), Total Hemocyte Count (THC), Total Plasma Protein (TPP), Phagocytic Activity (PA), Survival rate (4-week intervals) were determined. Histopathological alterations in hepatopancreas, midgut and muscle tissues were studied at the end of 4 and 8 weeks. Shrimps fed with the 1600, 800 and 400 ppb concentrations of AFLB1 exhibited slow growth, and more reddish discoloration disseminated over the body at 4th week. Growth parameters, survival rate and health indices (THC, TPP) of F. indicus, are affected by the different doses of AFLB1 in diets. At the end of 8th week, doses of AFLB1 in the diets showed negative correlation to final weight, survival rate, THC and TPP (r = - 0.312, -0.603, -0.237 and - 0.649 at P〈0.001, respectively). Moreover, significant histopathological alterations in the hepatopancreas, midgut and muscle tissues of exposed shrimps to different levels of AFLB1 were observed and these alterations are obviously indicated by changes in the health indexes (THC and TPP).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fish disease ; Aflatoxin B1 ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; growth performance ; health indices ; histopathological alteration ; Histopathological ; Growth
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.723-737
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  • 7
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    Fluctuation in density of ciliates in Bukan dam reservoir ,Zarrinehrud, Iran (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The abundance and species composition of ciliates were analyzed in the Bukan Dam Reservoir (West Azerbaijan, Iran) from January to December 2008. Surface water samples were collected at monthly intervals from the middle (Stations 1 and 3) and shallow (Stations 2 and 4) areas of the lake. Three samples were taken in the water column using a 5-litre sampler. Totally 30 liters water was collected, 200 ml of which was fixed immediately with 8.6 ml of a saturated HgCl2 solution and stained with 0.04% bromophenol blue. Three subsamples were counted in a 5-ml chamber and examined with a microscope (100 x) as well as Chlorophyll a and a few ecological parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH, transperancy and water temperature were measured. Totally 50 ciliates species were found in Bukan Dam Reservoir. Regarding the density, a high-density period was detected from January to April with a mean density of 2.86 x 103 cells.l-1 Ciliata at stations 1 and 3 and 4.16 x 103 cells.l-1 at stations 2 and 4. The high density of ciliate in summer may be due to the increase in the density of bacteria and moderate metazooplankton as a result of the appearance of non-edible algae . The ciliata occurring at the highest densities were Coleps tessellates, Didinium nasutum, Paradileptus elephantinus, Stentor polymorphus, Zosterograptus labiatus, Paramecium bursaria, Cyclidium citrullus, Vorticella campanula, Halteria grandinella and Aspidisca costata. The maximum and minimum chlorophyll a values observed at the reservoir water were 10.39 µg.l-l and 1.0 µg.l-l being obtained in May and Octobor respectively.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ciliata ; Density ; Bukan dam reservoir
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.444-453
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  • 8
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    Effects of aflatoxin B1 on growth performance, health indices, phagocytic activity and histopathological alteration in Fenneropenaeus indicus (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Mycotoxins contamination of feedstuff for aquatic animals is common in regions with humid tropical conditions. In this study Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus, (11.79 ± 1.76 g) were fed with diets containing 0, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 ppb levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFLB1) for 8 weeks. Final weight, aflatoxin B1 residue (2-week intervals), Total Hemocyte Count (THC), Total Plasma Protein (TPP), Phagocytic Activity (PA), Survival rate (4-week intervals) were determined. Histopathological alterations in hepatopancreas, midgut and muscle tissues were studied at the end of 4 and 8 weeks. Shrimps fed with the 1600, 800 and 400 ppb concentrations of AFLB1 exhibited slow growth, and more reddish discoloration disseminated over the body at 4th week. Growth parameters, survival rate and health indices (THC, TPP) of F. indicus, are affected by the different doses of AFLB1 in diets. At the end of 8th week, doses of AFLB1 in the diets showed negative correlation to final weight, survival rate, THC and TPP (r = - 0.312, -0.603, -0.237 and - 0.649 at P〈0.001, respectively). Moreover, significant histopathological alterations in the hepatopancreas, midgut and muscle tissues of exposed shrimps to different levels of AFLB1 were observed and these alterations are obviously indicated by changes in the health indexes (THC and TPP).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biology ; Physiology ; Aflatoxin B1 ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Growth performance ; Health indices ; Histopathological alteration ; Phagocytic ; Growth
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.813-826
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  • 9
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    Effect of nicin z on some of spoilage chemical and bacterial properties in surimi of kilka (Clupeonella cultriventris caspia) stored in 4° c (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The effect of antibacterial and antioxidant of nicin z in two forms (free and encapsulated) was investigated on Total Viable Count (TVC) , Psychrotrophic Counts (PTC) , Peroxide Value (PV) , Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and Total volatile nitrogen (TVN) in zero, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days of storage.Two concentrations (700IU/gr ,1000IU/gr) of free and encapsulated nicin in liposome (by spray-dried method) were added as spray on surimi of kilka and one treatment was selected as a control. The results showed that change of chemical and bacterial parameters in treatment of encapsulated nicin was lower than free nicin and control treatments. Concentration of 1000IU/gr of nicin was better than results of other treatments. The shelf life of surimi of kilka in control, free and encapsulated nicin treatments for bacterial results were 9,12 , 15 days, respectively, and for TBA , TVN and PV were 6 , 15 and at least 15 days, respectively. The conclusion was that encapsulated nicin in liposome improved shelf life of surimi of kilka.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Free nicin ; Encapsulated nicin ; Surimi ; Kilka ; Clupeonella cultriventris caspia ; Bacterial ; Chemical ; Parameters
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.41-56
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  • 10
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    Application of sodium alginate cover in frozen and cleaned common kilka and its quality evaluation by bacterial,chemical and sensory tests (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This project was carried out to increase shelf life of kilka and prevent color changes during cold storage. Edible film made by sodium alginate (0.5% concentration) was used for fish packaging at time zero. The covered samples were kept at -18oC. Examination were carried out for a period of six months. Coliform, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas bacteria contamination were negative until the end of storage period in the covered samples. Total bacterial counts and Acetaphylococcus bacteria count were lower in the treated samples (2.93 and 1.46log cfu/g, respectively) compared with the control specimens (3.21 and 2.28log cfu/g, respectively). Chemical factors consisting of humidity, protein, lipid, ash and calorie were higher in the treated samples (73.34%, 18.96%, 4.62%, 2.88% and 134. 63% kcal/kg, respectively) compared with the control samples (59.43%, 18.04%, 4.03%, 2.87% and 108.43% kcal/kg, respectively) and fresh fish samples (73.93%, 18.91%, 4.59%, 2.87% and 117.28% kcal/kg, respectively). Free fatty acids (0.77 and 9.21g/100), thiobarbitoric acid (0.001 and 0.15mg/kg), peroxide value (0.06 and 3.75meq/kg oil), TVN (6.92 and 16.28mg/100g) and pH (6.34 and 6.91) were lower in the treated samples compared with the control samples. However, no statistically significant decreases were observed in chemical factors including moisture, peroxide value, TVN and pH in the covered samples compared with the control samples during cold storage (P〉0.05). According to the statistical analyses of sensory specifications including taste, odor, color, tissue and total acceptance, there was a significant difference between the covered samples and the control ones (P〈0.05). Using the results of bacterial, chemical and sensory tests and statistical analyses, the covered samples had a favorable quality until the end of storage period. Also, based on the results of sensory analyses and moisture test, the control samples had a favorable quality for a period of three months.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Colour ; Storage conditions ; Packing fishery products ; Escherichia coli ; Acetaphylococcus ; Brackish ; Tissues ; Chemical composition ; Lipids ; Storage life ; Proteins ; Humidity
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.61-76
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