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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A test of a model for planktivorous filter feeding by bream Abramis brama (1985)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 13 (1985), S. 289-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Feeding modes ; Particulate feeding ; Daphnia hyalina ; Bosmina coregoni ; Gill-raker system ; Evasive behaviour ; Zooplankton distribution ; Tjeukemeer ; Fishes ; Cyprinidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The planktivorous feeding of bream, Abramis brama on Daphnia hyalina and Bosmina coregoni was analyzed in a stepwise regression analysis with the average size (and standard deviation) of consumed organisms as dependent variable and the size of the fish, the average size (and standard deviation) of the organisms and their density in the environment as independent variables. Three basic predictions on filter feeding were formulated and tested. It was predicted that the (average) prey size should increase with fish size, but that the standard deviation should decline. Secondly the prey size should be strongly correlated with the prey size available and thirdly the prey density should have little effect on the size selection. These hypotheses could not be rejected for bream〉10 cm feeding on B. coregoni and for bream〉20 cm feeding on D. hyalina. The hypotheses were not valid for smaller bream as these acted as particulate or combined filter- and particulate feeders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002913
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability of mouth width in European eel,Anguilla anguilla, in relation to varying feeding conditions in three Dutch lakes (1989)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 26 (1989), S. 63-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Diet shift ; Chironomids ; Prey-fish ; Condition ; Adaptive response ; Young-of-the-year ; Density ; Sex ; Maturation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Mouth widths of eels in three Dutch lakes were compared relative to feeding conditions over two years. Average mouth width varied by season and year and per lake. Of two groups of feeding specialists distinguished in each population chironomid feeders showed a smaller mouth width compared to fish feeders of the same body length. Proportions of these specialists differed between years, lakes, and seasons and changed in response to changing feeding conditions. The shift to fish feeding occurred when chironomid biomass decreased and young fish recruited. The shift was greatest in the year when chironomids collapsed completely and in the lakes with high eel densities. Mature males were narrow-headed and left the lakes at sizes between 30 and 40 cm. Larger eels were always broad-headed females. Implications for foraging efficiency and population structure are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002476
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model for switching between particulate-feeding and filter-feeding in the common bream, Abramis brama (1992)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 33 (1992), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Snap frequency ; Zooplankton density ; Buccal cavity ; Swimming speed ; Energy costs ; Cyprinidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis A model has been developed to describe the process of switching between particulate- and filter-feeding in common bream, Abramis brama, in relation to fish size and zooplankton density. The model assumes that the encounter rate of fish and zooplankton is determined by the density of zooplankton and the swimming speed of fish. However, if zooplankton density is so high as to allow at least one prey to be engulfed per random snap, the encounter rate is determined by the volume of the buccal cavity and by zooplankton density, but is independent of swimming speed. The snapping frequency will be maximal at the time of switching, decreasing with increasing zooplankton density because of the extra time needed for intra-oral prey handling. The model predicted switching from particulate- to filter-feeding only for bream〉 15 cm standard length at zooplankton densities 〈 500 l-1. The snap frequency of six size classes of bream (7.5, 10.4, 12.5, 15, 24 and 29.5 cm) was measured at varying densities of Daphnia. The model predictions for snap frequencies of all size classes corresponded to the highest values observed. The average of the observed snap frequencies was only 50% of the predicted values, probably because the calculated average distance between prey animals assumed an ideal swimming route of the fish and error-free vision for particulate-feeding, and the handling time was ignored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002549
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of predation and competition in determining the distribution of common bream, roach and white bream in Dutch eutrophic lakes (1992)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 33 (1992), S. 195-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Cyprinids ; Size structured populations ; Pikeperch ; Smelt ; Feeding efficiency ; Predator-prey-relationships
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Most of the lakes in The Netherlands are turbid and without vegetation. This is regarded as the result of increasing eutrophication within the last decades. Under these conditions common bream, roach, and white bream are the most common cyprinids. In six shallow (1–3 m), wind exposed lakes the abundance of common bream and roach was linked to the abundance of pikeperch; bream dominated when pikeperch was abundant, but when the latter species was rare, roach was dominant and the biomass of bream was reduced. The biomass of white bream was always relatively low. In lake Tjeukemeer the distribution of roach 〈 20 cm fork length (FL) and bream was also related to the distribution of pikeperch. Only roach 〉 20 cm FL managed to coexist with pikeperch in the open water area, whereas roach 〈 20 cm was confined to the littoral zone where pikeperch was nearly absent. Bream occurred mainly in the open water and avoided the littoral zone where it competed with roach. White bream occupied an intermediate position, occurring in relatively low density both in the littoral zone and in open water. The importance of predation and competition in determining the distribution and abundance of roach and common bream in the eutrophic lakes of The Netherlands is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002564
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The barbs (Barbus spp.) of Lake Tana: a forgotten species flock? (1994)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 39 (1994), S. 1-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Cyprinids ; Ethiopia ; Morphotypes ; Food-niche ; Biodiversity ; Feeding ; Evolution ; Fisheries ; Resource partitioning ; Piscivory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis In October–December 1990, the large barbs (Barbus) that contribute more than 35% of the catch in lake Tana (northern Ethiopia) were studied. Previous authors (Rüppell 1837, Boulenger 1902,1911, Bini 1940) described from 6 to 23 (sub)species for the lake. Banister (1973) lumped all of these into one subspecies: Barbus intermedius intermedius Rüppell,1837. We found that the Lake Tana Barbus could be readily categorized in at least 13 discrete morphotypes, some of which were already distinguished by local fishermen. None of the known descriptions are adequate to distinguish the barbs unambiguously, which is important for monitoring and management of developing fisheries. Intermediates between morphotypes were rare (〈 10%). By applying canonical discriminant analysis on a set of 17 morphometric characters (including some directly associated with feeding) our initial morphotype-distinction was confirmed. Also, differences between the morphotypes in distribution, related to depth and substratum were found, as well as differences in intestinal contents, a key to the food-niche. The high number of piscivorous morphotypes (8 out of 13) was striking as piscivory is relatively rare among cyprinids. Piscivory was found to be highly correlated with morphological (feeding related) characters. The presence of discrete morphotypes, that also differ in food-niche and distribution, strongly suggests that several distinct populations exist, that may be (partly or completely) reproductively segregated. Knowledge about these populations, that may represent separate units of fish stock, is of crucial importance for the management of sustainable fisheries and protection of the biodiversity in Lake Tana. It is possible that several species or even a unique cyprinid species flock are present, that urgently need protection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004751
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal variation in the interactions between piscivorous fish, planktivorous fish and zooplankton in a shallow eutrophic lake (1990)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 207 (1990), S. 279-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: food web ; trophic interactions ; production ; consumption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The interactions between the higher trophic levels in a shallow eutrophic lake were studied during the course of a year. Three fish species determined the main pathways of organic matter flow within the system: the predominantly planktivorous bream (Abramis brama), the obligate planktivorous smelt (Osmerus eperlanus), and the piscivorous pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca). Of the thirteen common zooplankton taxa Daphnia hyalina and cyclopoid copepods were utilized most by the planktivorous fish, while the large production of small cladocerans is almost left unutilized. The seasonal variations of production and consumption are large. This is mainly affected by seasonal variation of the water temperature. The production of O + smelt is efficiently utilized by the pikeperch. Being the most important zooplankton consumer, as well as the most important prey group, O + fish plays a key role in the Tjeukemeer food web.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041466
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    P-load, phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish stock in Loosdrecht Lake and Tjeukemeer: confounding effects of predation and food availability (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 233 (1992), S. 87-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: bream ; Daphnia ; cladocerans ; copepods ; cyanobacteria ; green algae ; trophic interactions ; feeding conditions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The fish community in the Loosdrecht lakes is dominated by bream, pikeperch and smelt and is characteristic of shallow eutrophic lakes in The Netherlands. The biomasses of the respective fish species amount to ca. 250, 25 and 10 kg ha−1 and correspond to those in Tjeukemeer, another lake in The Netherlands. The average size of bream, however, is much smaller in the Loosdrecht lakes as a consequence of poorer feeding conditions. The zooplankton community in the Loosdrecht lakes is predominantly composed of relatively small species such as Daphnia cucullata, Bosmina coregoni and cyclopoid copepods, whereas in Tjeukemeer, Daphnia hyalina is permanently present in relatively high densities and the other species show a larger mean length. In the Loosdrecht lakes, the absence of D. hyalina and the smaller sizes of the other zooplankton species could be the consequence of a higher predation pressure, in combination with unfavourable feeding conditions for the zooplankton including the low density of green algae and the high density of filamentous cyanobacteria. A biomanipulation experiment in Lake Breukeleveen, one of the Loosdrecht lakes, indicated that feeding conditions were too unfavourable for large zooplankton to develop in spring, when the reduced fish biomass was not yet supplemented by natural recruitment and immigration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016098
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relation of biotic and abiotic interactions to eutrophication in Tjeukemeer, The Netherlands (1990)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 191 (1990), S. 29-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: total-P ; chlorophyll a ; Daphnia hyalina ; temperature ; predation ; smelt ; bream ; hydrology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During the summer months of 1974–1985 chlorophyll-a and total P concentration, biomass of Daphnia hyalina, smelt Osmerus eperlanus, bream Abramis brema and pikeperch Stizostedion lucioperca, water temperature and water intake from lake IJsselmeer were monitored in Tjeukemeer. During this period there were manipulations with the bream and pikeperch stocks as a consequence of the termination of a gill-net fishery in 1977, and larval smelt immigrated each year from the large lake IJsselmeer and contributed largely to the yearly smelt recruitment. The correlation matrix of the nine variables mentioned above showed a positive correlation between bream and chlorophyll-a, but surprisingly a negative one between smelt and chlorophyll-a. The latter can only be explained when smelt is the dependent variable. In a multi-linear regression there was a negative effect of temperature, chlorophyll a and pikeperch on smelt and a positive effect of water intake. Daphnia hyalina was negatively influenced by the biomass of smelt and the water intake of lake IJsselmeer. The positive relation of Daphnia hyalina and chlorophyll-a was probably related to better survival chances of D. hyalina in an Oscillatoria-rich environment when smelt is the most important predator. An increasing biomass of bream coincided with higher total-P levels and probably contributed to higher chlorophyll-a levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026036
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphorus dynamics following restoration measures in the Loosdrecht Lakes (The Netherlands) (1990)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 191 (1990), S. 87-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: lake restoration ; phosphorus-dynamics ; total-phosphorus ; chlorophyll a
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract External phosphorus loads to three shallow lakes in the Netherlands were reduced by eliminating waste-water discharge and by dephosphorization of the supply water, with which water level is controlled. Concentrations of total-phosphorus and chlorophyll a were significantly reduced during 1980–1986 in L. Breukeleveen, but not in L. Vuntus and L. Loosdrecht. In 1983–1986 the phosphorus flow through several trophic levels was determined. Changes over these years were not significant. External input to the lakes still contributes substantially to the phosphorus input. Release from the sediments also contributed to the cycling of the phosphorus. Excretion by large crustacean zooplankters was important in phosphorus recycling, and delivered 20–30% of the daily phytoplankton phosphorus demand. A similar contribution is expected from fish. If one wants recovery of the lakes to be accelerated, additional measures are needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026042
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The central role of fish in lake restoration and management (1999)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 395-396 (1999), S. 191-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: fish stock management; gill-net fishery; planktivory; benthivory; piscivory; fish community development; trophic levels; Daphnia spp.; bream; carp; pikeperch; roach; inedible prey; individual based model; sediment resuspension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The central role of fish in lake restoration and management has a practical purpose: fish are much easier to manipulate than nutrients, phytoplankton and zooplankton, and therefore they are a relatively easy (additional) instrument in restoration and management. The management of the fish stock may be a measure of water quality, of fish stock composition or a measure of both and may vary from very drastic removal of planktivorous and benthivorous fish to a more gradual change in the population by continual predator management and less drastic reduction of inedible prey. For lake restoration, drastic removal is the most efficient in order to obtain clear water and vegetation and a subsequent fish community adapted to this. Continual management will result in a more gradual change and may be more acceptable to the interest of both fishermen and water quality managers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017053719871
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