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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method for estimating free Ca within human red blood cells, with an application to the study of their Ca-dependent K permeability (1982)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 66 (1982), S. 235-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: human red cells (or erythrocytes) ; intracellular free Ca ; digitonin ; null-point ; Ca-dependent K permeability (or K permeability)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Murphy, Coll, Rich and Williamson (J. Biol. Chem. 255:6600–6608, 1980) described a null-point method for estimating intracellular free Ca in liver cells. They used digitonin to lyse the cells in solutions of varying Ca concentration. This method has been adapted for use with human red cells. The values found are about 0.4 μm Ca in fresh cells, and from 0.4 to 0.7 μm Ca in blood-bank cells, at pH 7.2 and 37°C. These are likely to be overestimates, and the errors and limitations of the method are discussed. Red cells may be loaded with Ca by metabolic depletion in Ca-containing solutions. Such cells have an elevated K permeability, and the relationships between free Ca, total Ca and K permeability were investigated, using86Rb as a tracer for K.86Rb flux studies show that the affinity of the K channel for Ca is the same in cells as in resealed ghosts where intracellular Ca can be controlled with Ca buffers, but the rate of tracer equilibration is 3–6 times faster in ghosts than in cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868498
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of lead ions on cation permeability in human red cell ghosts (1985)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 84 (1985), S. 61-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: human red cells (or erythrocytes) ; Ca-dependent K permeability (or K permeability) ; Pb ; Pb ion buffers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Intracellular Pb2+ ions can replace Ca2+ ions in stimulating the Ca-dependent K permeability of human red blood cells. In metabolically depleted resealed ghosts, the threshold for stimulation of86Rb efflux by internal Pb2+ is around 5×10−10 m, and stimulation is half-maximal at about 2×10−9 m, and maximal at 10−8 m Pb2+. There is no effect on22Na efflux in this concentration range.86Rb efflux is antagonized by internal Mg2+ ions, and by the channel-blocking drugs quinidine and diS-C2(5), as observed for the Ca-dependent K permeability in red cells. In ghosts containing EDTA, which prevents any internal effects of Pb2+ ions, external Pb2+ increases both22Na and86Rb permeability when its concentration exceeds 6×10−7 m. This effect is seemingly unrelated to the Ca-dependent K permeability. This work makes extensive use of Pb2+ ion buffers, and gives information about their preparation and properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01871648
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbocyanine dyes inhibit Ca-dependent K efflux from human red cell ghosts (1976)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 264 (1976), S. 467-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Recordings of ghost suspensions dyed with 280 nM 3,3'-diethylthiadicarbocyanine iodide. The ghosts were prepared to contain 2 mM Ca, 3 mM HEDTA, 2 mM phosphate and about 100 mM KC1 (ref. 6), and were washed in a 100-mM K solution. The solutions used contained 100 mM (K+choline) 98 mM ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/264467a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wind-induced changes of temperature and currents in Lake Constance (1978)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 27 (1978), S. 333-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um die Ursachen des stark veränderlichen Strömungssystems im Bodensee genauer aufzuklären, sind im Herbst 1972 synoptische Messungen über die Windeinwirkung auf den See mit selbsttätig registrierenden ozeanographischen und meteorologischen Instrumenten angestellt worden. Am Beispiel eines starken Westwindfeldes werden die Auftriebsvorgänge im westlichen Teil des Sees sowie der Wasseraustausch durch die See-Enge von Mainau (s. Abb. 1) eingehend analysiert. Zur quantitativen Interpretation der Vorgänge wird die Reaktion des Sees auf das Windfeld durch numerische Modellrechnungen simuliert. Der Vergleich der berechneten und beobachteten Temperatur- und Strömungsschwankungen zeigt, daß die Corioliskraft linkerhand von der Richtung, in die der Wind weht, eine beträchtliche Verstärkung des Auftriebs bewirkt und daß die Auftriebsbewegungen in starkem Maße von der räumlichen Verteilung der anregenden Kräfte abhängen.
    Notes: Summary In the autumn of 1972 the wind-induced motions in Lake Constance have been measured simultaneously by means of self-recording oceanographical and meteorological instruments. For the case of a strong westerly wind field the process of upwelling in the western part of the lake is analysed and a detailed description of the corresponding exchange of water through the channel of Mainau at the mouth of the narrow western appendix (see Fig. 1) is given. In order to provide a quantitative interpretation of the dynamics involved the response of the lake is simulated by numerical models. The comparison of the calculated response against the measured reaction of the lake yields a considerable influence of the Coriolis force, which results in a pronounced increase of upwelling along the northern shore in that case. The response exhibits furthermore a high sensitivity to the spatial distribution of the driving force.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247955
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lead contamination (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 337 (1989), S. 514-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR—Markovac and Goldstein (Nature 334, 71-73; 1988) report that picomolar concentrations of lead stimulate protein kinase C. This conclusion may not be justified, as the authors do not seem to have taken into account the contamination of biochemical reagents with lead, and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/337514b0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vanadate : a new tool for biologists (1979)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 281 (1979), S. 337-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] RESEARCH on the biological actions of vanadate has increased enormously during the past three years. Vanadium compounds can be highly toxic to man and animals and yet removal of the minute quantities normally present in the diet leads to deficiency disorders in experimental animals1. The biological ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/281337a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium-dependent zinc efflux in human red blood cells (1991)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 123 (1991), S. 73-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: calcium ; zinc ; erythrocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Zinc efflux from human red blood cells is largely brought about by a saturable mechanism that depends upon extracellular Ca2+ ions. It has aV max of about 35 μmol/1013 cells hr, aK m for external Ca2+ of 1×10−4 m, and aK m for internal Zn2+ of 1×10−9 m. External Zn2+ inhibits with aK 0.5 of 3×10−6 m. Sr2+ is a substitute for external Ca2+, but changes in monovalent anions or cations have little effect on the Zn2+ efflux mechanism. It is unaffected by most inhibitors of red cell transport systems, although amiloride and D-600 (methoxyverapamil, a Ca2+ channel blocker) are weakly inhibitory. The transport is capable of bringing about the net efflux of Zn2+, against an electrochemical gradient, provided Ca2+ is present externally. This suggests it may be a Zn2+:Ca2+ exchange, which would be able to catalyze the uphill movement of Zn2+ at the expense of an inward Ca2+ gradient, which is it self maintained by the Ca2+ pump.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01993965
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular free zinc and zinc buffering in human red blood cells (1991)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 123 (1991), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: zinc ; erythrocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Zn2+ has been allowed to equilibrate across the red cell membrane using two agents that increase membrane permeability to this ion: the ionophore A23187 and the specific carrier ethylmaltol. Extracellular free Zn2+ was controlled with EGTA (1,2-di(2-aminoethoxy)ethane-NNN′N′tetra-acetic acid)) buffers, except in the case of ethylmaltol, which itself acts as a buffer. Measurement of cellular zinc content at different levels of free Zn2+ facilitated the study of intracellular Zn2+ binding. It was also possible to estimate intracellular free Zn2+ concentration in untreated cells using a “null-point” technique. Intracellular zinc was found to consist of an inexchangeable component of about 129 μmol/1013 cells and an exchangeable component of 6.7±1.5 μmol/1013 cells, with a free concentration of about 2.4×10−11 m. The main component of Zn2+ buffering is hemoglobin, with a dissociation constant of about 2×10−8 m.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01993964
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  • 9
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    Book review (1979)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0149-0419
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-060X
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Taylor & Francis
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  • 10
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    Wind-induced changes of temperature and currents in Lake Constance (1978)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0177-7971
    Electronic ISSN: 1436-5065
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Published by Springer
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