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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 10 (1966), S. 253-257 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Changes in the molecular weight distribution of natural rubber, after mill mastication, have been studied by using a Water's gel permeation chromatography. This study indicates that as the polymer is milled the distribution is narrowed primarily through the breaking down of large molecular weight molecules. The peak of the distribution curve shifts to lower and lower molecular weight with increased milling time but it appears to be approaching a limiting molecular weight after 76 min. of milling time. One unexpected result is the development of a secondary hump in the distribution curve at the high molecular weight end. This hump gets larger and moves to lower molecular weight with increasing milling time until 76 min. of milling, at which time it disappears entirely.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 717-720 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Rubidium hydroxide iodide ; synthesis ; single-crystals ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Rb2I(OH): A Hydroxide Iodide in the System RbOH/RbIThe pseudobinary system RbOH/RbI was investigated by X-ray methods. The crystal structure of Rb2I(OH) was solved by single crystal data: Rb2I(OH): Pnma, Z = 4, a = 7.748(1) Å, b = 5.654(2) Å,c = 13.254(2) Å Z(Fo) with (Fo)2 ≥ 3σ = (Fo)2 = 449, Z (parameter) = 25, R/Rw = 0.021/0.023 Rb2I(OH) crystallizes in a new type of structure, built up by a three dimensional network of ∞3[Rb2(OH)+] containing the iodide ions.
    Notes: Das pseudobinäre System RbOH/RbI wurde röntgenographisch untersucht und die Struktur von Rb2I(OH) an Einkristallen aufgeklärt: Rb2I(OH): Pnma, Z = 4, a = 7,748(1) Å, b = 5,654(2) Å, c = 13,254(2) Å, Z(Fo) mit (Fo)2 ≥ 3σ = (Fo)2 = 449, Z (Parameter) = 25, R/Rw = 0,021/0,023 Rb2I(OH): kristallisiert in einem eigenen Strukturtyp, der aus einem dreidimensionalen Netzwerk von ∞3[Rb2(OH)+] aufgebaut ist, das I- enthält.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 721-723 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Lithium chromate dihydrate ; single-crystals ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Li2CrO4 · 2H2O: Unusual Hydrogen Bridge Bonding and Coordination for Oxygen of the Anions CrO42-The crystal structure of Li2CrO4 · 2H2O was solved including the positions of hydrogen by X-ray methods. Li2CrO4 · 2H2O: P212121, Z = 4, a = 5.503(1) Å, b = 7.733(2) Å, c = 11.987(2) Å, Z(Fo) with (Fo)2 ≥ 3σ(Fo)2 = 2284, Z (parameter) = 99, R/Rw = 0.025/0.029 LiCrO4 · 2H2O contains a locally bordered hydrogen bridge bonding system between water molecules as donors and two O of CrO42- as acceptors. This system connects anions in the direction [010]. It is noticeable that oxygen ligands of the anion CrO42- have strongly differing coordination.
    Notes: Die Kristallstruktur von Li2CrO4 · 2 H2O wurde einschließlich der Wasserstofflagen röntgenographisch ermittelt: Li2CrO4 · 2 H2O: P212121, Z = 4, a = 5,503(1) Å, b = 7,733(2) Å, c = 11,987(2) Å, Z(Fo) mit (Fo)2 ≥ 3σ(Fo)2 = 2284, Z (Parameter) = 99, R/Rw = 0,025/0,029 Li2CrO4 · 2H2O enthält lokal begrenzte Wasserstoffbrückenbindungssysteme zwischen Wassermolekülen als Donatoren und zwei O von CrO42- als Akzeptoren. Sie verknüpfen Anionen in Richtung [010]. Auffallend ist die sehr unterschiedliche Koordination der O-Liganden des Anions CrO42-.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 885-888 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Barium tetra nitridotungstate(VI) dichloride ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ba4[WN4]Cl2: Das erste Nitridowolframat(VI)-chloridDurch Umsetzung von Ba(NH2)2 mit W in einer KCl-Schmelze bei 850°C unter strömendem Stickstoff wurden transparente gelbe Kristalle von Ba4[WN4]Cl2 gezüchtet. Die Verbindung kristallisiert monoklin in P21/m und Z = 2 mit den Zellparametern a = 8,447(4) Å, b = 6,143(2) Å, c = 10,727(6) Å und β = 99,04(4)°. Die Kristallstruktur enthält isolierte Ionen [WN4]6- und Cl-. Es ist das erste bisher beschriebene Nitridowolframat(VI)-chlorid.
    Notes: Transparent yellow crystals of Ba4[WN4]Cl2 were grown at 850°C by the reaction of Ba(NH2)2 with W in a KCl melt under flowing nitrogen. The compound crystallizes monoclinic in P21/m and Z = 2 with the cell parameters a = 8.447(4) Å, b = 6.143(2) Å, c = 10.727(6) Å and β = 99.04(4)°. The crystal structure contains isolated anions [WN4]6- and Cl-. It is the first nitridotungstate(VI) chloride reported so far.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 881-884 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Penta caesium sodium nitrido tetra tungstate(VI) ; synthesis ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cs5[Na{W4N10}]: Das erste Nitridowolframat(VI) mit GerüststrukturCs5[Na{W4N10}] wurde aus einem Gemenge von NaNH2, CsNH2 und Wolframpulver (Molverhältnis 1 : 10 : 4) bei 700°C in Autoklaven dargestellt. Nach beendeter Reaktion ist das Nitrid in einer Alkalimetallmatrix eingebettet. Dunkelrote Kristalle werden durch Auswaschen des Alkalimetalls mit flüssigem Ammoniak bei Raumtemperatur isoliert. Die Struktur von Cs5[Na{W4N10}] wurde über Röntgeneinkristalldaten bestimmt: I41 (Nr. 80), Z = 4, a = 13,926(3) Å, c = 8,723(3) Å, Z(Fo2) ≥ 3σ(Fo2) = 1535, Z(Variable) = 63, R/Rw = 0,040/0,052.An feuchter Luft hydrolysiert die Verbindung schnell zu Oxowolframat und Ammoniak. Sie enthält ein Tetraedergerüst ∞3[WNN3/21.5-]. Natrium ist von vier terminalen Stickstoffliganden umgeben. Einschließlich des Natriums ergibt sich eine Anordnung vom β-Cristobalittyp ∞3[Na{W4N10}5-]. Dieses enthält Caesium in allen Lücken, sogenannten Friauf-Polyedern, die durch zwölf Stickstoffliganden gebildet werden.
    Notes: Cs5[Na{W4N10}] was prepared from a mixture of NaNH2, CsNH2 and tungsten powder (molar ration 1 : 10 : 4) at 700°C in autoclaves. After the reaction is finished the nitride is embedded in an alkali metal matrix. Dark red crystals were isolated by washing out the alkali metal with liquid ammonia at room temperature. The structure of Cs5[Na{W4N10}] was solved by X-ray single crystal data: I41 (No. 80), Z = 4, a = 13.926(3) Å, c = 8.723(3) Å, Z(Fo2) ≥ 3σ(Fo2) = 1535, Z(Variables) = 63, R/Rw = 0.040/0.052.The compound is highly sensitive against moisture giving oxotungstates and ammonia. It contains a framework of tetrahedra ∞3[WNN3/21.5-]. Sodium shares four terminal nitrogen ligands. Including sodium a distorted, β-cristobalite type arrangement ∞3[Na{W4N10}5-] results. It contains caesium in all interstices formed by twelve nitrogen ligands in so-called Friauf polyhedra.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 623 (1997), S. 1108-1112 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Sodium tetra amido manganate(II) ; sodium manganese (II) amide ; X-ray structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Na2Mn(NH2)4: A New Type of Layered StructureThe structure of Na2Mn(NH2)4 was solved by X-ray single crystal data including H-positions: P21/c, Z = 4, a = 6.331(1) Å, b = 14.542(3) Å, c = 7.212(1) Å, β = 116.29(1)°, Z(F20 ≥ 3σ = (F20)) = 1343, Z(parameters) = 96, R/RW = 0.023/0.029.The compound crystallizes in a new type of structure. Within layered blocks the amide ions are arranged with the motif of a hexagonal closest packing of spheres. Within these blocks alternating layers contain sodium in all octahedral sites and manganese in an ordered way in a quarter of tetrahedral sites.
    Notes: Die Struktur von Na2Mn(NH2)4 wurde röntgenograhisch über Einkristalldaten einschließlich der H-Lagen bestimmt: P21/c, Z = 4, a = 6,331(1) Å, b = 14,542(3) Å, c = 7,212(1) Å, β = 116,29(1)°, Z(F0) mit (F0)2 ≥ 3σ(F0)2 = 1343, Z(Parameter) = 96, R/RW = 0,023/0,029.Die Verbindung kristallisiert in einem neuen Strukturtyp. Die Amidionen bilden innerhalb von Schichtenpaketen das Motiv einer hexagonal dichtesten Kugelpackung. In ihr sind in einzelnen Ebenen abwechselnd entweder alle Oktaederlücken durch Natrium oder geordnet 1/4 der Tetraederlücken durch Mangan besetzt.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 623 (1997), S. 1103-1107 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Potassium tetraamido zincate ; X-ray structure determination ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Positions of the Protons in Potassium Tetraamidozincate, K2Zn(NH2)4X-ray single crystal data for K2Zn(NH2)4 allowed the determination of the so far unknown positions of the protons: P1, Z = 2, a = 6.730(1) Å, b = 7.438(1) Å, c = 8.019(2) Å, α = 72.03(2)°, β = 84.45(2)°, γ = 63.82(1)°, Z(F0) with (F0)2 ≥ 3σ(F0)2 = 2166, Z(parameters) = 96, R/RW = 0.032/0.039.In the structure of K2Zn(NH2)2 the amide ions are nearly hexagonal close packed. One layer of octahedral holes parallel to (010) is fully occupied by potassium atoms and zinc is in an ordered way in a quarter of the tetrahedral holes of the next layer. The orientation of the protons of the amide ions is characteristic for this type of structure (filled up CdI2 type).
    Notes: Die bisher unbekannten Protonenlagen bei K2Zn(NH2)4 wurden röntgenographisch über Einkristalldaten bestimmt: P1, Z = 2, a = 6,730(1) Å, b = 7,438(1) Å, c = 8,019(2) Å, α = 72,03(2)°, β = 84,45(2)°, γ = 63,82(1)°, Z(F0) mit (F0)2 ≥ 3σ(F0)2 = 2166, Z(Parameter) = 96, R/RW = 0,032/0,039.Die Amidionen bilden das Motiv einer hexagonal dichtesten Kugelpackung. Darin sind in Ebenen parallel (010) abwechselnd alle Oktaederlücken durch Kalium oder geordnet 1/4 der Tetraederlücken durch Zink besetzt. Die Orientierung der Protonen an den Amidionen ist für diesen Strukturtyp (aufgefüllter CdI2-Typ) charakteristisch.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Strontium hydride imide nitride ; preparation ; crystal structure determination ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structure Determination of a Strontium Hydride Imide Nitride - Sr2(H)N/SrNH resp. Sr2(D)N/SrND - by X-Ray, Neutron, and Synchrotron RadiationStrontium reacts with nitrogen and hydrogen resp. deuterium under well defined conditions to a phase containing hydride, imide and nitride ions.Sr is evaporated at 1000°C. The Sr vapor reacts with N2 and H2 resp. D2 (p(N2) = p(H2/D2) = 50 mbar) in the gas phase. The product crystallizes as orange-yellow resp. black needles at 800°C.Neither X-ray single crystal nor X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data led to an acceptable model for the crystal structure. A high resolution diffraction experiment with synchrotron radiation gave the needed informations:Splitting of reflections led to a model in R3m with a = 3.870(1) Å and c = 18.958(3) Å. Further split reflections indicate, that the crystals contain areas where SrNH is a second phase besides Sr2(H)N. Neutron diffraction data (measured at 2 K, 10 K, 300 K and 505 K) were interpreted by a two phase model with Sr2(D)N/SrND: In a slightly distorted cubic close packing of Sr-atoms hydride and nitride resp imide ions occupy each by one third octahedral sites fully and in an ordered way.
    Notes: Strontium reagiert mit Stickstoff und Wasserstoff bzw. Deuterium unter definierten Bedingungen zu einer Phase, in der Hydrid-, Imid- und Nitridionen nebeneinander vorliegen.Sr wird bei bei 1000°C verdampft. Die Reaktion mit N2 und H2 bzw. D2 (p(N2) = p(H2/D2) = 50 mbar) findet in der Gasphase statt. Das Produkt kristallisiert als orange-gelbe bzw. schwarze Kristallnadeln bei 800°C.Weder aus Röntgen-Einkristall- noch aus Röntgen- oder Neutronenbeugungs-Pulverdaten konnte die Kristallstrukur eindeutig bestimmt werden. Erst ein hochauflösendes Beugungsexperiment mit Synchrotronstrahlung am Pulver gab entscheidende Hinweise auf ein Strukturmodell:Aufspaltungen von Reflexen können nur mit einem Modell in R3m mit a = 3,870(1) Å und c = 18,958(3) Å erklärt werden. Zusätzliche Reflexe zeigen, daß in den Kristallen neben Sr2(H)N Bereiche mit SrNH als zweiter Phase vorhanden sind. Die Verfeinerung von Neutronenbeugungsdaten (Messungen bei 2 K, 10 K, 300 K und 505 K) mit einem Zweiphasenmodell Sr2(D)N/SrND führt zu einem sinnvollen Ergebnis: In einer leicht verzerrten kubisch dichten Anordnung von Sr-Atomen besetzen schichtenweise in Domänen Hydrid- und Nitridionen bzw. Imidionen Oktaederlücken vollständig und geordnet jeweils zu einem Drittel.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 623 (1997), S. 429-433 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Potassium nitridophosphate ; synthesis ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Potassium Nitridophate, K3P6N11Single phase microcrystalline K3P6N11 was obtained by the reaction of P3N5 KNH2 in supercritical ammonia (6 kbr, 500°C) after 7 d reaction time in autoclaves. The structure was solved by X-ray powder diffraction methods. K3P6N11: P4132, a = 10.388(3) Å, Z = 4, RBragg (F02) = 0.087, 51 reflections K3P6N11 contains two- and three-fold corner-sharing tetrahedra PN4. These form a three-dimensional framework with potassium in voids coordinated by (2 + 6) N for K(1) and (3 + 3 + 3) N for K(2).
    Notes: Röntgenographisch phasenreines mikrokristallines K3P6N11 entsteht bei der Umsetzung von P3N5 mit KNH2 in Ammoniak unter ammonothermalen Bedingungen (6kbar, 500°C) nach 7d Reaktionszeit in Autoklaven. Die Struktur konnte über eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse am Pulver geklärt werden. K3P6N11: P4132, a = 10,388(3) Å, Z = 4, RBragg (F02) = 0,087, 51 Reflexe K3P6N11 ist aus zweifach- und dreifach eckenverknüpften Tetraedern PN4 aufgebaut, die ein dreidimensionales Gerüst bilden, in dessen Hohlräumen die Kaliumionen K(l) von (2 + 6) N von K(2) von (3 + 3 + 3) N umgeben sind.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 623 (1997), S. 423-428 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Barium hexahydroxodizincate pentahydrate ; synthesis ; crystal structure ; hydroxozincate ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of BaZn2(OH)6 · 5 H2OThe electrochemical corrosion of zinc in a zinc/iron pair leads in an ammonia containing solution of barium hydroxide at room temperature to colourless platelets of crystals of BaZn2(OH)6 · 5H2O. The X-ray structure determination on these crystals was successful including all hydrogen positions: P21/c, Z = 4, a = 6.181(2) Å, b = 16.126(3) Å, c = 11.121(2) Å, β = 99.69(2)° Z(Fo2 ≥ 3 σ Fo2) = 3281, Z(Var.) = 178, R/Rw = 0.020/0.021 BaZn2(OH)6 · 5 H2O crystallizes in a layer structure. The layers contain Zn2+ in tetrahedral coordination by OH- and Ba2+ in an onefold capped tetragonal antiprism of 6 H2O and 3 OH-. Hydrogen bridge bonds of a further H2O molecule between the layers to OH- and H2O connect these three-dimensionally.
    Notes: Die elektrochemische Korrosion von Zink in einem Zink/Eisen-Paar führt in einer ammoniakalischen wäßrigen Lösung von Bariumhydroxid bei Raumtemperatur zu plättchenförmigen farblosen Kristallen von BaZn2(OH)6 · 5H2O. An ihnen wurde röntgenographisch die Struktur einschließlich aller H-Lagen bestimmt: P21/c, Z = 4, a = 6,181(2) Å, b = 16,126(3) Å, c = 11,121(2) Å, β = 99,69(2)° Z(Fo2 ≥ 3 σ Fo2) = 3281, Z(Var.) = 178, R/Rw = 0,020/0,021 BaZn2(OH)6 · 5H2O kristallisiert in einer Schichtstruktur. Innerhalb der Schichten ist Zn2+ tetraedrisch von OH- und Ba2+ einfach überkappt tetragonal antiprismatisch von 6H2O und 3OH- umgeben. Über Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen eines weiteren Moleküls H2Q zu OH- und H2O sind die Schichten dreidimensional verknüpft.
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