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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atmospheric Turbulence (1992)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 24 (1992), S. 205-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.001225
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cup, Propeller, Vane, and Sonic Anemometers in Turbulence Research (1981)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 13 (1981), S. 399-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.13.010181.002151
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on ‘Flow distortion by supporting structures’, by A. C. Dyer (1982)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 22 (1982), S. 263-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00118262
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on ‘a revaluation of the Kansas mast influence on measurements of stress and cup anemometer overspeeding’ (1982)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 22 (1982), S. 245-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00118258
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow-distortion effects on scalar flux measurements in the surface layer: Implications for sensor design (1988)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 42 (1988), S. 19-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Scalar fluxes measured through the eddy-correlation technique are prone to two types of errors caused by the sensor-induced flow distortion: those due to crosstalk from the horizontal flux, and those due to amplification or attenuation due to flow blocking. We show that the crosstalk error can be eliminated by designing the sensor array to be vertically symmetric about its horizontal midplane. In such an array, the flow-blocking effect causes the scalar flux to be overestimated, but this error can be made negligible by designing an array with minimal stagnation loss in streamwise speed at the flux-measurement point.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00119872
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recurrence of high concentration values in a diffusing, fluctuating scalar field (1989)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 47 (1989), S. 263-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We propose a simple model for esimating the average number of occurrences per unit time η(c o) that a threshold concentration c o is exceeded. It is based on the joint probability density of the observed concentration c(t) and its time derivative ċ(t) under the assumption that c(t) is a stationary time series; this assumption leads to the hypothesis that c(t) and ċ(t) are statistically independent. Adopting plausible forms of the frequency distributions of c and ċ, we apply the model to diffusion from an infinite area source and from an elevated point source, both in the neutral boundary layer, and obtain simple results for η(c o) and the average duration of one excursion above c o as functions of c o, the mean and the standard deviation of the concentration, and surface-layer variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00122333
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the response of a turbulent-pressure probe and the measurement of pressure transport (1994)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 69 (1994), S. 379-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Wind-tunnel calibrations of turbulent-pressure sensors usually reveal deviations from ideal response. These deviations are typically reported in dimensional form (e.g., in microbars) or as a fraction of the dynamic pressure. Neither presentation gives a direct indication of the reliability of pressure statistics measured in a turbulent flow. We derive a general response equation for a turbulent-pressure probe. The coefficients in the equation are obtainable from standard wind-tunnel calibration results. The form of the response equation makes it straightforward to relate the errors in measured pressure statistics to the statistics of the turbulence. We demonstrate this by evaluating the reliability of measurements of some important pressure covariances, including the pressure-transport term in the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) budget in the unstable surface layer. The preliminary finding is that the Nishiyama-Bedard sensor is capable of measuring pressure transport of TKE there to within 10–20%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00718126
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evolution of a convective planetary boundary layer — A higher-order-closure model study (1974)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 7 (1974), S. 289-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The evolution of the boundary layer on day 33 of the Wangara experiment in southeast Australia is calculated with a higher-order-closure turbulence model. This model, which includes equations for the mean field as well as the second moments of the turbulent field, is described in detail. The mean profiles of wind, temperature, and humidity, the profiles of heat and humidity fluxes, the Reynolds stress distributions, and the height of the boundary layer are shown between 10 a.m. and 6 p.m. The results agree well with those from Deardorff's 3-D simulation and take relatively little computer time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240833
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local advection of momentum, heat, and moisture in micrometeorology (1974)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 7 (1974), S. 331-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The local advection of momentum, heat and moisture in micrometeorology due to a horizontal inhomogeneity in surface conditions is numerically investigated by a higher-order turbulence closure model which includes equations for the mean quantities, turbulent fluxes, and the viscous dissipation rate. The application of the two-dimensional model in this paper deals with the simulation of the flow from an extensive smooth dry area to a grassy wet terrain. The mean wind speed, temperature, and humidity distributions in the resulting internal boundary layer downstream of the surface discontinuity are determined such that the energy and moisture balances at the Earth's surface are satisfied. Numerical calculations of the mean temperature and humidity profiles are compared with available observed ones. The results include the advective effects on turbulent flux distributions, surface energy balance, evaporation rate, and Bowen ratio. The sensitivity of the predicted mean profiles and turbulent flux distributions to the surface relative humidity, thermal stratification, and the roughness change is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240836
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-point coherence in the atmospheric surface layer (1996)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 81 (1996), S. 105-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two-point, one-dimensional coherence in horizontally homogeneous atmospheric turbulence is studied, both by experiment and analysis. Measurements are carried out using horizontally spaced sensors with the separation perpendicular to the mean velocity. Two-dimensional spectral models and three-dimensional inertial-range spectral tensors are used in the coherence calculations. The one-dimensional coherence for both velocity and scalar fluctuations is found to roll off at a wavenumber much smaller than we would expect from the classical notion of eddy correlation. This is a consequence of the cancellation of Fourier components aliased from the direction of the sensor separation into the streamwise direction. However, the coherence for the three velocity components behaves somewhat differently, reflecting the relative orientations of the velocity component, sensor separation and the mean velocity. These features are well predicted by the calculation. The analysis is also extended to calculate the two-point scalar-vertical velocity cospectrum and the results are in good agreement with our experimental data. The ratio of two- to one-point cospectra decreases at slightly larger wavenumber than the two-point scalar coherence does.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00119061
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