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  • 1
    Unknown
    Tokyo : TERRAPUB
    Keywords: space plasmas ; computer simulations ; particle simulations ; MHD simulations
    Description / Table of Contents: PART I PARTICLE SIMULATIONS --- INTRODUCTION TO PARTICLE SIMULATION MODELS AND OTHER APPLICATION TO ELECTROSTATIC PLASMA WAVES / Hideo Okuda / pp. 3-41 --- PARTICLE SIMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND ITS APPLICATION TO SPACE PLASMAS / Hiroshi Matsumoto and Yoshiharu Omura / pp. 43-102 --- RELATIVISTIC CODE APPLIED TO RADIATION GENERATION / A. T. Lin / pp. 103-116 --- MODERN DEVELOPMENT IN PARTICLE SIMULATION / J. C. Adam / pp. 117-130 --- PART II MHD SIMULATIONS --- PRINCIPLES OF MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION IN SPACE PLASMAS / Tetsuya Sato / pp. 133-153 --- MHD MODELLING OF THE EARTH'S MAGNETOSPHERE / C. C. Wu / pp. 155-177 --- NUMERICALLY-SIMULATED FORMATION AND PROPAGATION OF INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS / S. T. Wu / pp. 179-201 --- ANOMALOUS TRANSPORT BY KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITIES / Akira Miura / pp. 203-224 --- PART III OTHER-METHOD SIMULATIONS --- PARTICLE BEHAVIOR IN THE MAGNETOSPHERE / R. A. Wolf and R. W. Spiro / pp. 227-254 --- HYBRID SIMULATION TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO THE EARTH'S BOW SHOCK / D. Winske and M. M. Leroy / pp. 255-278 --- VLASOV SIMULATION OF ION ACOUSTIC DOUBLE LAYERS / G. Chanteur / pp. 279-301 --- SIMULATION MODELS FOR SPACE PLASMAS AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS AS A KEY TO THEIR DESIGN AND ANALYSIS / Christian T. Dum / pp. 303-375
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 380 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9027719527
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 3289-3294 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photodissociation of ozone at 226 nm is studied for O3→O2(X3 Σ−g)+O(2p3Pj) by probing O(3Pj) atomic photofragments with a resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization method. Angular and kinetic energy distributions are determined by measuring time-of-flight spectra as a function of the angle between the polarization vector of the dissociation laser and the detector axis. The Doppler width of O(3Pj) photofragments is also measured. The translational energy distribution is well represented by assuming the formation of vibrationally excited O2 molecules with an average vibrational quantum number of 12. The anisotropy parameter β for the angular distribution is found to be 0.7±0.1. The predissociation dynamics from the photoprepared O3(1B2) state to the repulsive potential surface is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 6455-6463 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to study structure formation of a single polymer chain with 500 CH2 groups. Our simulations show that the orientationally ordered structure is formed at a low temperature both by gradual stepwise cooling and by quenching from a random configuration at a higher temperature. The growth of the global orientational order proceeds in a gradual manner in the case of gradual stepwise cooling, whereas it proceeds in a stepwise manner in the case of quenching. The latter feature endorses the previously proposed hypothetical grand view of self-organization [e.g., see T. Sato, Phys. Plasmas 3, 2135 (1996)]: when a system is driven far from equilibrium, it will evolve to a more stable state in a stepwise fashion irrespective of its fundamental interaction forces. From the microscopic analysis of the structure formation process, we find the following characteristic features: (i) In the case of gradual stepwise cooling, the global orientational order grows gradually through the incorporation of small trans domains and the surrounding trans segments into the largest trans domain. (ii) In the case of quenching, the growth of the orientational order is either due to the incorporation of small trans domains and the surrounding trans segments into the largest trans domain or to the elongation of the trans segments in the largest trans domain. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 4073-4082 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Gas-phase clustering reactions of NO+, O+2, N2O+, N2OH+, and H3O+ with N2O were measured with a pulsed electron-beam high pressure mass spectrometer. The bond in NO+(N2O)n is found to be electrostatic, while those in O+2(N2O)1, N2O+(N2O)1, and N2OH+(N2O)1 have covalent character. The observed n dependence of −ΔH0n−1,n for the clustering reactions suggests that the cluster ions have the structures of the core ion plus ligand molecules, i.e., NO+(N2O)3(N2O)n−3, O+2N2O(N2O)n−1, (N2O)+2(N2O)n−1, H+N2O(N2O)1(N2O)n−1, and H3O+(N2O)3(N2O)n−3. The N2O molecule forms stronger bonds with NO+, O+2, and H3O+ ions than the isoelectronic CO2 molecule, indicating that N2O is a stronger nucleophilic reagent than CO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 9757-9764 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to study the structure formation of 100 short chain molecules, each of which consists of 20 CH2 groups. Our simulations show that the orientationally ordered structure is formed from a random configuration by quenching. The global orientational order starts to increase suddenly after a certain duration and grow in a stepwise fashion afterwards. This behavior is also found in the growth process of the local orientationally-ordered domains. It is found from the microscopic analysis of the structure formation process, that parallel ordering of chain molecules starts to occur after the chain molecules stretch to some extent. From the analysis of the obtained orientationally ordered structure and the molecular mobility, we also find the following characteristic features: (i) The chain molecules are packed hexagonally at 400 K and the transition from the hexagonal phase toward the orthorhombic phase takes place as the temperature decreases. (ii) The gauche bonds in the same chain molecule tend to form gauche pairs. The gauche pairs with the same sign form the double gauche defects and those with the opposite sign form the kink defects. (iii) In the hexagonal phase, the chain molecules become longitudinally mobile. This result, which is obtained by the microscopic analysis of the chain motion, is the microscopic evidence to confirm the existence of the chain sliding diffusion in the hexagonal phase which underlies the sliding diffusion theory of polymer crystallization proposed by Hikosaka [Polymer 28, 1257 (1987); 31, 458 (1990)]. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 613-622 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structural formation of a single polymer chain with 500 CH2 groups is studied by the molecular dynamics simulations. Our simulations show that the bond-orientationally ordered structure at low temperatures is formed from a random-coil structure at high temperatures by a gradual stepwise cooling. From the radii of gyration and the bond-orientational order parameters, it is found that the anisotropy of a polymer chain also grows during the growth of the bond-orientational order. In the bond-orientationally ordered structure at low temperatures, 16 stems form a structure with deformed hexagonal symmetry and the stems in the outer layer have a tilted configuration. Furthermore, the gauche states are localized in the fold surface and the conformational states in the fold surface change more readily than those in the orientationally-ordered region. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 3459-3465 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The drift-kink instability in field-reversed configurations with a beam component is investigated by means of a three-dimensional particle simulation. The unstable mode with the toroidal mode number n=4 grows with the rate γ∼0.1−1.0ωci for a strong beam current and deforms the plasma profile along the beam orbit in the vicinity of the field-null line. This mode is nonlinearly saturated as a result of the relaxation of current profile. Both the saturation level and the growth rate tend to increase as the ratio of the beam current to the plasma current Ib/Ip increases. It is also found that there is a threshold value of the beam velocity vb∼vTi (ion thermal velocity) for the excitation of the instability. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 4565-4574 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Generation of anomalous resistivity and dynamical development of collisionless reconnection in the vicinity of a magnetically neutral sheet are investigated by means of a three-dimensional particle simulation. For no external driving source, two different types of plasma instabilities are excited in the current layer. The lower hybrid drift instability (LHDI) is observed to grow in the periphery of current layer in an early period, while a drift kink instability (DKI) is triggered at the neutral sheet in a late period as a result of the nonlinear deformation of the current sheet by the LHDI. A reconnection electric field grows at the neutral sheet in accordance with the excitation of the DKI. When an external driving field exists, the convective electric field penetrates into the current layer through the particle kinetic effect and collisionless reconnection is triggered by the convective electric field earlier than the DKI is excited. It is also found that the anisotropic ion distribution is formed through the anomalous ion heating by the DKI. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 1569-1575 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Computer simulation of the magnetohydrodynamic dynamo in a rotating spherical shell geometry is performed. The convection velocity and the magnetic field structures are investigated in detail when the magnetic field is exponentially growing. It is found that the magnetic energy is strongly localized in space. The energy is generated when toroidal field lines are stretched by the fluid flows in columnar convection cells. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 277-289 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nonlinear development of collisionless driven reconnection and the consequent energy conversion process between the field and particles in a sheared magnetic field are investigated by means of a two-and-one-half-dimensional particle simulation. Magnetic reconnection takes place in two steps irrespective of a longitudinal magnetic field, but the growth rate of the reconnection field varies in proportion to the E×B drift velocity at an input boundary. It is clearly observed that the triggering mechanism of collisionless driven reconnection for the fast growing phase changes from an electron meandering dominance in a weak longitudinal field to an electron inertia dominance in a strong field. The electron acceleration and heating take place in the reconnection area under the influence of reconnection electric field, while the electron energy is converted to the ion energy through the action of an electrostatic (ambipolar) field excited by magnetic compression in the downstream. It is also found that, in the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field, the electron acceleration by the reconnection field takes place effectively and the generated force-free current is maintained for a long period while forming an asymmetric spatial profile of current layer. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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