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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis and Simulation of Density Structure Formation in Integral-Skin-Foams (1999)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 308-311 (May 1999), p. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/04/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.308-311.107.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Broad range variation in surface tension by plasma-polymerized coatings on polymethyl methacrylate
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Surface & Coatings Technology 59 (1993), S. 338-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 0257-8972
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0257-8972(93)90108-Z
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die degradative Extrusion — Stand und Aussichten (1996)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 127 (1996), S. 821-839 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Postconsumer thermoplastic waste ; Transformation into a product usable for petrochemical or metallurgical processes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The chemical recycling of thermoplastics from post consumer waste needs a preparation in a special process. The waste has to be homogenized to fullfil the specification of the downstreams following petrochemical or metallurgical processes and to be transferred in a state that allows to transport this product either as a liquid or as granules pneumatically. There are some different possible processes; the youngest of them is thedegradative extrusion. Although it has been carefully tested and seems to be cheaper than the others, it is not yet used in industrial practice. The tests have been made on machines of different size and throughputs and with different materials and mixtures of thermoplastics. By this reason, a broad knowledge exists how to design such a plant of any size and kind of material and what are the necessary investment and production costs. In contrary to all other processes, it is possible to degrade 100% of PVC as well.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das chemisch-stoffliche Recycling von thermoplastischen Kunststoffen mit Einsatz in der Petrochemie, in der Metallurgie u.a. verlangt eine sorgfältige Aufbereitung in ein den Spezifikationen der Großanlagen angepaßtes homogenes, pump- oder pneumatisch-förderbares Gut. Eine bisher großtechnisch noch nicht benutzte Methode ist diedegradative Extrusion. Sie wurde jedoch von verschiedenen Laboratorien intensiv auf ihre Anwendungsbreite und die erforderliche Ausrüstung in einem solchen Maße erforscht, daß Großanlagen sofort eingerichtet werden könnten. Hieraus lassen sich auch die zu erwartenden Kosten von Anlagen und Betrieb beliebig großer Anlagen abschätzen. Die möglichen Anwendungen umfassen alle Thermoplaste und erlauben auch die Aufarbeitung von 100% PVC. Hierüber wird zusammenfassend berichtet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807021
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface modification of an aramid fibre treated in a low-temperature microwave plasma (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 31 (1996), S. 6043-6053 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The surface modification of an aramid fibre treated in a low-temperature microwave (mw) plasma was investigated. Three different plasma gases, oxygen, argon and ammonia, were used to achieve different surface modifications during fibre treatment. The modification of the fibre surface was analysed with electron spectroscopy and electron microscopy. The influence of the surface modification on the fibre-matrix interaction was inspected by measuring the interlamellar shear strength of the composites and the pull-out strength of a fibre bundle in model composites. The process gas and thus the kind of plasma has no significant influence on the fibre modification resulting from plasma treatment. It was shown that a fibre cleaning with subsequent surface ablation is the dominate modification process during mw plasma treatment, independent of the process gas. The degree of surface cleaning and removal of a contamination layer strongly depended on the treatment range. No incorporation of oxygen or nitrogen containing functional groups was observed. This was explained with the composition of the process gas. The improvements of the composite properties demonstrate the advantage of the mw plasma treatment as a fast, environmentprotected, cost-efficient process for fibre modification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01152157
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic investigation into the chemical structure of deposits formed from hexamethyldisiloxane/ oxygen plasmas (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 31 (1996), S. 1879-1885 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of oxygen addition to microwave-sustained plasmas of hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) has been investigated. Attention was directed to the solid products formed on aluminium substrates (plasma deposits). To enable a quantitative analysis of these, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of standard silicon-containing materials was carried out. When suitable charge correction is applied to the XP spectra of HMDSO/O2 plasma deposits, a number of very clear trends emerge. From changes in elemental composition, core line binding energies (Si2p, C 1s, and O 1s) and widths, we show how oxygen addition to the plasma affects the chemical nature of the plasma deposit. The data reported also provide (some limited) information on the reactions taking place in the plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372203
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradative extrusion as a pretreating process for chemical recycling of plastics wastePaper presented at the “16th International Conference on Advances in the Stabilization and Degradation of Polymers” in Luzern (Switzerland), June 14-17, 1994. (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 232 (1995), S. 167-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Chemical conversion processes can also be used for the recycling of plastics waste. The plastics, however, must be adapted to chemical recycling processes by liquefaction and dehalogenation. A reprocessing method for plastics waste has been developed, which pretreats these waste fractions by degradative extrusion. The polymers are cracked in an extruder under the influence of thermal and mechanical energy and with the introduction of degradation-promoting additives. Decomposition products such as halogens are eliminated and recovered in a defined manner through degassing and also a sufficient reduction of the melt viscosity was carried out by molecular degradation.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1995.052320111
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    UV protecting layers on PVC made by plasma polymerization (1993)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 15 (1993), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: UV protection is necessary for many plastics if they are to be used for outdoor applications. Plasma polymerization, a new surface coating technology, permits the depositing of thin polymer layers on plastics as UV and weather protection. With these layers, even the UV resistance of polyvinylchloride (PVC) containing a conventional UV stabilizer can be improved; After a QUV panel test of 5000 h the plasma polymerized films show a decrease in the degree of yellowing by a factor of 3 compared to the uncoated samples. Different types of monomers and other process parameters of the plasma polymerization apparatus show a significant influence on deposition rates, surface chemistry, and UV protecting properties.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730150205
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface modification of polyethylene fibers treated in an oxygen microwave plasma (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 47 (1996), S. 112-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The surface modification of a commercial polyethylene fiber treated in an oxygen low temperature microwave plasma was investigated. The change in surface chemistry was analyzed with electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis. A controlled state of oxidation of the fiber surface was reached by variation of gas flux, process pressure and microwave energy. The oxygen was incorporated into the fiber surface in the form of functional groups. In the determined treatment range, a change in surface morphology as a result of the plasma treatment was not observed with electron microscopy. The higher oxygen content in the fiber surface increased the fiber-matrix adhesion as shown by mechanical tests.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1996.010470208
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Konstruieren mit Kunststoffen. Von G. Erhurd. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munchen 1993. 323 Seiten, 408 Bilder, 38 Tabellen, DM 148- (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 67 (1995), S. 352-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330670322
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kunststoffe im Automobilbau mit Fachtagung Textilien und Oberflächenmaterialien (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 385-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19980290711
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