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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-09-08
    Description: ABSTRACT In many areas of the world, subsidence related to the lowering of the water table is modifying the landscape and provoking costly environmental hazards. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. We consider the Dead Sea (the Earth's lowest lake) as a model. Its water level was 395 m bMSL in the 1960s. Due to water diversions in the catchment area, as of 2016, the level has dropped to about 430 m bMSL. Here, as in other parts of the Anthropocene world, from China, to Iran, to Turkey, to Canada and the United States, consequences of human interventions are rapidly modifying the environment. Aggressive geomorphic processes leading to accelerated degradations are taking place and affecting landforms and infrastructures. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. In Tectonic terms, the lake is a pull-apart basin resulting from the motion of the Dead Sea Transform fault. Since the 1960s, a slice of brine of about 35 km 3 had been lost. The water table is dropping more rapidly in the lake than in the coastal zone creating an ever-increasing head difference. Consequently, groundwater moves towards the sea to compensate for the imbalance, provoking the reactivation of the area's paleo-channels with subsidence, sinkholes, and landslides. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Since the 1980s, industrial-touristic infrastructure has covered newly emerging lands in geomorphic hazards prone areas of the coastal zone. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Time series analysis of high to very high resolution visible/radar satellite images acquired from the 1970s to present, revealed major landscape evolution. Such dynamic systems prevailing in the last decades permitted the study of human/environment interactions to help minimizing their effects. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Major deformations of an industrial dike were analysed and quantified. The results underline the necessity in the Anthropocene of careful analysis of relevant data sources acquired before and during subsidence, particularly in karst topography zones and prior to the development of major human activities in economically appealing environments around the world. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0197-9337
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-9837
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-12-12
    Description: Remote Sensing, Vol. 9, Pages 1291: Evaluation of the SBAS InSAR Service of the European Space Agency’s Geohazard Exploitation Platform (GEP) Remote Sensing doi: 10.3390/rs9121291 Authors: Jorge Galve José Pérez-Peña José Azañón Damien Closson Fabiana Caló Cristina Reyes-Carmona Antonio Jabaloy Patricia Ruano Rosa Mateos Davide Notti Gerardo Herrera Marta Béjar-Pizarro Oriol Monserrat Philippe Bally The analysis of remote sensing data to assess geohazards is being improved by web-based platforms and collaborative projects, such as the Geohazard Exploitation Platform (GEP) of the European Space Agency (ESA). This paper presents the evaluation of a surface velocity map that is generated by this platform. The map was produced through an unsupervised Multi-temporal InSAR (MTI) analysis applying the Parallel-SBAS (P-SBAS) algorithm to 25 ENVISAT satellite images from the South of Spain that were acquired between 2003 and 2008. This analysis was carried out using a service implemented in the GEP called “SBAS InSAR”. Thanks to the map that was generated by the SBAS InSAR service, we identified processes not documented so far; provided new monitoring data in places affected by known ground instabilities; defined the area affected by these instabilities; and, studied a case where GEP could have been able to help in the forecast of a slope movement reactivation. This amply demonstrates the reliability and usefulness of the GEP, and shows how web-based platforms may enhance the capacity to identify, monitor, and assess hazards that are associated to geological processes.
    Electronic ISSN: 2072-4292
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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