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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2006-12-16
    Description: The Stardust spacecraft collected thousands of particles from comet 81P/Wild 2 and returned them to Earth for laboratory study. The preliminary examination of these samples shows that the nonvolatile portion of the comet is an unequilibrated assortment of materials that have both presolar and solar system origin. The comet contains an abundance of silicate grains that are much larger than predictions of interstellar grain models, and many of these are high-temperature minerals that appear to have formed in the inner regions of the solar nebula. Their presence in a comet proves that the formation of the solar system included mixing on the grandest scales.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brownlee, Don -- Tsou, Peter -- Aleon, Jerome -- Alexander, Conel M O'd -- Araki, Tohru -- Bajt, Sasa -- Baratta, Giuseppe A -- Bastien, Ron -- Bland, Phil -- Bleuet, Pierre -- Borg, Janet -- Bradley, John P -- Brearley, Adrian -- Brenker, F -- Brennan, Sean -- Bridges, John C -- Browning, Nigel D -- Brucato, John R -- Bullock, E -- Burchell, Mark J -- Busemann, Henner -- Butterworth, Anna -- Chaussidon, Marc -- Cheuvront, Allan -- Chi, Miaofang -- Cintala, Mark J -- Clark, B C -- Clemett, Simon J -- Cody, George -- Colangeli, Luigi -- Cooper, George -- Cordier, Patrick -- Daghlian, C -- Dai, Zurong -- D'Hendecourt, Louis -- Djouadi, Zahia -- Dominguez, Gerardo -- Duxbury, Tom -- Dworkin, Jason P -- Ebel, Denton S -- Economou, Thanasis E -- Fakra, Sirine -- Fairey, Sam A J -- Fallon, Stewart -- Ferrini, Gianluca -- Ferroir, T -- Fleckenstein, Holger -- Floss, Christine -- Flynn, George -- Franchi, Ian A -- Fries, Marc -- Gainsforth, Z -- Gallien, J-P -- Genge, Matt -- Gilles, Mary K -- Gillet, Philipe -- Gilmour, Jamie -- Glavin, Daniel P -- Gounelle, Matthieu -- Grady, Monica M -- Graham, Giles A -- Grant, P G -- Green, Simon F -- Grossemy, Faustine -- Grossman, Lawrence -- Grossman, Jeffrey N -- Guan, Yunbin -- Hagiya, Kenji -- Harvey, Ralph -- Heck, Philipp -- Herzog, Gregory F -- Hoppe, Peter -- Horz, Friedrich -- Huth, Joachim -- Hutcheon, Ian D -- Ignatyev, Konstantin -- Ishii, Hope -- Ito, Motoo -- Jacob, Damien -- Jacobsen, Chris -- Jacobsen, Stein -- Jones, Steven -- Joswiak, David -- Jurewicz, Amy -- Kearsley, Anton T -- Keller, Lindsay P -- Khodja, H -- Kilcoyne, A L David -- Kissel, Jochen -- Krot, Alexander -- Langenhorst, Falko -- Lanzirotti, Antonio -- Le, Loan -- Leshin, Laurie A -- Leitner, J -- Lemelle, L -- Leroux, Hugues -- Liu, Ming-Chang -- Luening, K -- Lyon, Ian -- Macpherson, Glen -- Marcus, Matthew A -- Marhas, Kuljeet -- Marty, Bernard -- Matrajt, Graciela -- McKeegan, Kevin -- Meibom, Anders -- Mennella, Vito -- Messenger, Keiko -- Messenger, Scott -- Mikouchi, Takashi -- Mostefaoui, Smail -- Nakamura, Tomoki -- Nakano, T -- Newville, M -- Nittler, Larry R -- Ohnishi, Ichiro -- Ohsumi, Kazumasa -- Okudaira, Kyoko -- Papanastassiou, Dimitri A -- Palma, Russ -- Palumbo, Maria E -- Pepin, Robert O -- Perkins, David -- Perronnet, Murielle -- Pianetta, P -- Rao, William -- Rietmeijer, Frans J M -- Robert, Francois -- Rost, D -- Rotundi, Alessandra -- Ryan, Robert -- Sandford, Scott A -- Schwandt, Craig S -- See, Thomas H -- Schlutter, Dennis -- Sheffield-Parker, J -- Simionovici, Alexandre -- Simon, Steven -- Sitnitsky, I -- Snead, Christopher J -- Spencer, Maegan K -- Stadermann, Frank J -- Steele, Andrew -- Stephan, Thomas -- Stroud, Rhonda -- Susini, Jean -- Sutton, S R -- Suzuki, Y -- Taheri, Mitra -- Taylor, Susan -- Teslich, Nick -- Tomeoka, Kazu -- Tomioka, Naotaka -- Toppani, Alice -- Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M -- Troadec, David -- Tsuchiyama, Akira -- Tuzzolino, Anthony J -- Tyliszczak, Tolek -- Uesugi, K -- Velbel, Michael -- Vellenga, Joe -- Vicenzi, E -- Vincze, L -- Warren, Jack -- Weber, Iris -- Weisberg, Mike -- Westphal, Andrew J -- Wirick, Sue -- Wooden, Diane -- Wopenka, Brigitte -- Wozniakiewicz, Penelope -- Wright, Ian -- Yabuta, Hikaru -- Yano, Hajime -- Young, Edward D -- Zare, Richard N -- Zega, Thomas -- Ziegler, Karen -- Zimmerman, Laurent -- Zinner, Ernst -- Zolensky, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1711-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. brownlee@astro.washington.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2006-12-16
    Description: Organics found in comet 81P/Wild 2 samples show a heterogeneous and unequilibrated distribution in abundance and composition. Some organics are similar, but not identical, to those in interplanetary dust particles and carbonaceous meteorites. A class of aromatic-poor organic material is also present. The organics are rich in oxygen and nitrogen compared with meteoritic organics. Aromatic compounds are present, but the samples tend to be relatively poorer in aromatics than are meteorites and interplanetary dust particles. The presence of deuterium and nitrogen-15 excesses suggest that some organics have an interstellar/protostellar heritage. Although the variable extent of modification of these materials by impact capture is not yet fully constrained, a diverse suite of organic compounds is present and identifiable within the returned samples.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sandford, Scott A -- Aleon, Jerome -- Alexander, Conel M O'd -- Araki, Tohru -- Bajt, Sasa -- Baratta, Giuseppe A -- Borg, Janet -- Bradley, John P -- Brownlee, Donald E -- Brucato, John R -- Burchell, Mark J -- Busemann, Henner -- Butterworth, Anna -- Clemett, Simon J -- Cody, George -- Colangeli, Luigi -- Cooper, George -- D'Hendecourt, Louis -- Djouadi, Zahia -- Dworkin, Jason P -- Ferrini, Gianluca -- Fleckenstein, Holger -- Flynn, George J -- Franchi, Ian A -- Fries, Marc -- Gilles, Mary K -- Glavin, Daniel P -- Gounelle, Matthieu -- Grossemy, Faustine -- Jacobsen, Chris -- Keller, Lindsay P -- Kilcoyne, A L David -- Leitner, Jan -- Matrajt, Graciela -- Meibom, Anders -- Mennella, Vito -- Mostefaoui, Smail -- Nittler, Larry R -- Palumbo, Maria E -- Papanastassiou, Dimitri A -- Robert, Francois -- Rotundi, Alessandra -- Snead, Christopher J -- Spencer, Maegan K -- Stadermann, Frank J -- Steele, Andrew -- Stephan, Thomas -- Tsou, Peter -- Tyliszczak, Tolek -- Westphal, Andrew J -- Wirick, Sue -- Wopenka, Brigitte -- Yabuta, Hikaru -- Zare, Richard N -- Zolensky, Michael E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1720-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Astrophysics Branch, NASA-Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. ssandford@mail.arc.nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170291" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carbon/analysis ; Cosmic Dust/analysis ; Deuterium/analysis ; *Meteoroids ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Nitrogen Isotopes/analysis ; Organic Chemicals/*analysis ; Oxygen/analysis ; Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis ; Spacecraft
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2006-12-16
    Description: The bulk of the comet 81P/Wild 2 (hereafter Wild 2) samples returned to Earth by the Stardust spacecraft appear to be weakly constructed mixtures of nanometer-scale grains, with occasional much larger (over 1 micrometer) ferromagnesian silicates, Fe-Ni sulfides, Fe-Ni metal, and accessory phases. The very wide range of olivine and low-Ca pyroxene compositions in comet Wild 2 requires a wide range of formation conditions, probably reflecting very different formation locations in the protoplanetary disk. The restricted compositional ranges of Fe-Ni sulfides, the wide range for silicates, and the absence of hydrous phases indicate that comet Wild 2 experienced little or no aqueous alteration. Less abundant Wild 2 materials include a refractory particle, whose presence appears to require radial transport in the early protoplanetary disk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zolensky, Michael E -- Zega, Thomas J -- Yano, Hajime -- Wirick, Sue -- Westphal, Andrew J -- Weisberg, Mike K -- Weber, Iris -- Warren, Jack L -- Velbel, Michael A -- Tsuchiyama, Akira -- Tsou, Peter -- Toppani, Alice -- Tomioka, Naotaka -- Tomeoka, Kazushige -- Teslich, Nick -- Taheri, Mitra -- Susini, Jean -- Stroud, Rhonda -- Stephan, Thomas -- Stadermann, Frank J -- Snead, Christopher J -- Simon, Steven B -- Simionovici, Alexandre -- See, Thomas H -- Robert, Francois -- Rietmeijer, Frans J M -- Rao, William -- Perronnet, Murielle C -- Papanastassiou, Dimitri A -- Okudaira, Kyoko -- Ohsumi, Kazumasa -- Ohnishi, Ichiro -- Nakamura-Messenger, Keiko -- Nakamura, Tomoki -- Mostefaoui, Smail -- Mikouchi, Takashi -- Meibom, Anders -- Matrajt, Graciela -- Marcus, Matthew A -- Leroux, Hugues -- Lemelle, Laurence -- Le, Loan -- Lanzirotti, Antonio -- Langenhorst, Falko -- Krot, Alexander N -- Keller, Lindsay P -- Kearsley, Anton T -- Joswiak, David -- Jacob, Damien -- Ishii, Hope -- Harvey, Ralph -- Hagiya, Kenji -- Grossman, Lawrence -- Grossman, Jeffrey N -- Graham, Giles A -- Gounelle, Matthieu -- Gillet, Philippe -- Genge, Matthew J -- Flynn, George -- Ferroir, Tristan -- Fallon, Stewart -- Fakra, Sirine -- Ebel, Denton S -- Dai, Zu Rong -- Cordier, Patrick -- Clark, Benton -- Chi, Miaofang -- Butterworth, Anna L -- Brownlee, Donald E -- Bridges, John C -- Brennan, Sean -- Brearley, Adrian -- Bradley, John P -- Bleuet, Pierre -- Bland, Phil A -- Bastien, Ron -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1735-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA. michael.e.zolensky@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170295" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2006-12-16
    Description: We measured the elemental compositions of material from 23 particles in aerogel and from residue in seven craters in aluminum foil that was collected during passage of the Stardust spacecraft through the coma of comet 81P/Wild 2. These particles are chemically heterogeneous at the largest size scale analyzed ( approximately 180 ng). The mean elemental composition of this Wild 2 material is consistent with the CI meteorite composition, which is thought to represent the bulk composition of the solar system, for the elements Mg, Si, Mn, Fe, and Ni to 35%, and for Ca and Ti to 60%. The elements Cu, Zn, and Ga appear enriched in this Wild 2 material, which suggests that the CI meteorites may not represent the solar system composition for these moderately volatile minor elements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flynn, George J -- Bleuet, Pierre -- Borg, Janet -- Bradley, John P -- Brenker, Frank E -- Brennan, Sean -- Bridges, John -- Brownlee, Don E -- Bullock, Emma S -- Burghammer, Manfred -- Clark, Benton C -- Dai, Zu Rong -- Daghlian, Charles P -- Djouadi, Zahia -- Fakra, Sirine -- Ferroir, Tristan -- Floss, Christine -- Franchi, Ian A -- Gainsforth, Zack -- Gallien, Jean-Paul -- Gillet, Philippe -- Grant, Patrick G -- Graham, Giles A -- Green, Simon F -- Grossemy, Faustine -- Heck, Philipp R -- Herzog, Gregory F -- Hoppe, Peter -- Horz, Friedrich -- Huth, Joachim -- Ignatyev, Konstantin -- Ishii, Hope A -- Janssens, Koen -- Joswiak, David -- Kearsley, Anton T -- Khodja, Hicham -- Lanzirotti, Antonio -- Leitner, Jan -- Lemelle, Laurence -- Leroux, Hugues -- Luening, Katharina -- Macpherson, Glenn J -- Marhas, Kuljeet K -- Marcus, Matthew A -- Matrajt, Graciela -- Nakamura, Tomoki -- Nakamura-Messenger, Keiko -- Nakano, Tsukasa -- Newville, Matthew -- Papanastassiou, Dimitri A -- Pianetta, Piero -- Rao, William -- Riekel, Christian -- Rietmeijer, Frans J M -- Rost, Detlef -- Schwandt, Craig S -- See, Thomas H -- Sheffield-Parker, Julie -- Simionovici, Alexandre -- Sitnitsky, Ilona -- Snead, Christopher J -- Stadermann, Frank J -- Stephan, Thomas -- Stroud, Rhonda M -- Susini, Jean -- Suzuki, Yoshio -- Sutton, Stephen R -- Taylor, Susan -- Teslich, Nick -- Troadec, D -- Tsou, Peter -- Tsuchiyama, Akira -- Uesugi, Kentaro -- Vekemans, Bart -- Vicenzi, Edward P -- Vincze, Laszlo -- Westphal, Andrew J -- Wozniakiewicz, Penelope -- Zinner, Ernst -- Zolensky, Michael E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1731-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, State University of New York at Plattsburgh, 101 Broad Street, Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USA. george.flynn@plattsburgh.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170294" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2004-06-19
    Description: Images taken by the Stardust mission during its flyby of 81P/Wild 2 show the comet to be a 5-kilometer oblate body covered with remarkable topographic features, including unusual circular features that appear to be impact craters. The presence of high-angle slopes shows that the surface is cohesive and self-supporting. The comet does not appear to be a rubble pile, and its rounded shape is not directly consistent with the comet being a fragment of a larger body. The surface is active and yet it retains ancient terrain. Wild 2 appears to be in the early stages of its degradation phase as a small volatile-rich body in the inner solar system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brownlee, Donald E -- Horz, Friedrich -- Newburn, Ray L -- Zolensky, Michael -- Duxbury, Thomas C -- Sandford, Scott -- Sekanina, Zdenek -- Tsou, Peter -- Hanner, Martha S -- Clark, Benton C -- Green, Simon F -- Kissel, Jochen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jun 18;304(5678):1764-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. brownlee@astro.washington.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15205524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cosmic Dust ; Gases ; *Meteoroids ; Spacecraft ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2004-06-19
    Description: We present measurements of the dust particle flux and mass distribution from the Stardust Dust Flux Monitor Instrument (DFMI) throughout the flyby of comet 81P/Wild 2. In the particle mass regime from 10(-14) to 10(-7) kilograms, the spacecraft encountered regions of intense swarms of particles, together with bursts of activity corresponding to clouds of particles only a few hundred meters across. This fine-scale structure can be explained by particle fragmentation. We estimate that 2800 +/- 500 particles of diameter 15 micrometers or larger impacted the aerogel collectors, the largest being approximately 6 x 10(-7) kilograms, which dominates the total collected mass.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tuzzolino, Anthony J -- Economou, Thanasis E -- Clark, Ben C -- Tsou, Peter -- Brownlee, Donald E -- Green, Simon F -- McDonnell, J A M -- McBride, Neil -- Colwell, Melusine T S H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jun 18;304(5678):1776-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Astrophysics and Space Research, Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 933 East 56th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15205527" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cosmic Dust ; Gases ; *Meteoroids ; Spacecraft
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-03-29
    Description: Akt, also known as protein kinase B, plays key roles in cell proliferation, survival and metabolism. Akt hyperactivation contributes to many pathophysiological conditions, including human cancers, and is closely associated with poor prognosis and chemo- or radiotherapeutic resistance. Phosphorylation of Akt at S473 (ref. 5) and T308 (ref. 6) activates Akt. However, it remains unclear whether further mechanisms account for full Akt activation, and whether Akt hyperactivation is linked to misregulated cell cycle progression, another cancer hallmark. Here we report that Akt activity fluctuates across the cell cycle, mirroring cyclin A expression. Mechanistically, phosphorylation of S477 and T479 at the Akt extreme carboxy terminus by cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2)/cyclin A or mTORC2, under distinct physiological conditions, promotes Akt activation through facilitating, or functionally compensating for, S473 phosphorylation. Furthermore, deletion of the cyclin A2 allele in the mouse olfactory bulb leads to reduced S477/T479 phosphorylation and elevated cellular apoptosis. Notably, cyclin A2-deletion-induced cellular apoptosis in mouse embryonic stem cells is partly rescued by S477D/T479E-Akt1, supporting a physiological role for cyclin A2 in governing Akt activation. Together, the results of our study show Akt S477/T479 phosphorylation to be an essential layer of the Akt activation mechanism to regulate its physiological functions, thereby providing a new mechanistic link between aberrant cell cycle progression and Akt hyperactivation in cancer.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4076493/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4076493/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, Pengda -- Begley, Michael -- Michowski, Wojciech -- Inuzuka, Hiroyuki -- Ginzberg, Miriam -- Gao, Daming -- Tsou, Peiling -- Gan, Wenjian -- Papa, Antonella -- Kim, Byeong Mo -- Wan, Lixin -- Singh, Amrik -- Zhai, Bo -- Yuan, Min -- Wang, Zhiwei -- Gygi, Steven P -- Lee, Tae Ho -- Lu, Kun-Ping -- Toker, Alex -- Pandolfi, Pier Paolo -- Asara, John M -- Kirschner, Marc W -- Sicinski, Piotr -- Cantley, Lewis -- Wei, Wenyi -- 2P01CA120964/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5T32HL007893/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- CA177910/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM089763/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM094777/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA120964/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA132740/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA167677/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA177910/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041890/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM089763/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM094777/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL111430/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA132740/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- S10 OD010612/OD/NIH HHS/ -- T32 HL007893/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Apr 24;508(7497):541-5. doi: 10.1038/nature13079. Epub 2014 Mar 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. ; 1] Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; 1] Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [3] Cancer Genetics Program and Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. ; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, Massachusetts 01923, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. ; 1] Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China (Z.W.); Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medical College and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York 10065, USA (L.C.). ; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; 1] Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [3] The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China (Z.W.); Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medical College and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York 10065, USA (L.C.).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24670654" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis/genetics ; Cell Cycle/*physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin A2/metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2/metabolism ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Male ; Mice ; Multiprotein Complexes/metabolism ; Neoplasms/enzymology/pathology ; Olfactory Bulb/cytology/enzymology/metabolism ; Oncogene Protein v-akt/chemistry/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphoserine/metabolism ; Phosphothreonine/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/*chemistry/*metabolism ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2006-12-16
    Description: Infrared spectra of material captured from comet 81P/Wild 2 by the Stardust spacecraft reveal indigenous aliphatic hydrocarbons similar to those in interplanetary dust particles thought to be derived from comets, but with longer chain lengths than those observed in the diffuse interstellar medium. Similarly, the Stardust samples contain abundant amorphous silicates in addition to crystalline silicates such as olivine and pyroxene. The presence of crystalline silicates in Wild 2 is consistent with mixing of solar system and interstellar matter. No hydrous silicates or carbonate minerals were detected, which suggests a lack of aqueous processing of Wild 2 dust.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keller, Lindsay P -- Bajt, Sasa -- Baratta, Giuseppe A -- Borg, Janet -- Bradley, John P -- Brownlee, Don E -- Busemann, Henner -- Brucato, John R -- Burchell, Mark -- Colangeli, Luigi -- d'Hendecourt, Louis -- Djouadi, Zahia -- Ferrini, Gianluca -- Flynn, George -- Franchi, Ian A -- Fries, Marc -- Grady, Monica M -- Graham, Giles A -- Grossemy, Faustine -- Kearsley, Anton -- Matrajt, Graciela -- Nakamura-Messenger, Keiko -- Mennella, Vito -- Nittler, Larry -- Palumbo, Maria E -- Stadermann, Frank J -- Tsou, Peter -- Rotundi, Alessandra -- Sandford, Scott A -- Snead, Christopher -- Steele, Andrew -- Wooden, Diane -- Zolensky, Mike -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1728-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate, Mail Code KR, NASA-Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA. lindsay.p.keller@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170293" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cosmic Dust/analysis ; Hydrocarbons/*analysis ; *Meteoroids ; Silicates/*analysis ; Spacecraft ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2006-12-16
    Description: Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotopic compositions are heterogeneous among comet 81P/Wild 2 particle fragments; however, extreme isotopic anomalies are rare, indicating that the comet is not a pristine aggregate of presolar materials. Nonterrestrial nitrogen and neon isotope ratios suggest that indigenous organic matter and highly volatile materials were successfully collected. Except for a single (17)O-enriched circumstellar stardust grain, silicate and oxide minerals have oxygen isotopic compositions consistent with solar system origin. One refractory grain is (16)O-enriched, like refractory inclusions in meteorites, suggesting that Wild 2 contains material formed at high temperature in the inner solar system and transported to the Kuiper belt before comet accretion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McKeegan, Kevin D -- Aleon, Jerome -- Bradley, John -- Brownlee, Donald -- Busemann, Henner -- Butterworth, Anna -- Chaussidon, Marc -- Fallon, Stewart -- Floss, Christine -- Gilmour, Jamie -- Gounelle, Matthieu -- Graham, Giles -- Guan, Yunbin -- Heck, Philipp R -- Hoppe, Peter -- Hutcheon, Ian D -- Huth, Joachim -- Ishii, Hope -- Ito, Motoo -- Jacobsen, Stein B -- Kearsley, Anton -- Leshin, Laurie A -- Liu, Ming-Chang -- Lyon, Ian -- Marhas, Kuljeet -- Marty, Bernard -- Matrajt, Graciela -- Meibom, Anders -- Messenger, Scott -- Mostefaoui, Smail -- Mukhopadhyay, Sujoy -- Nakamura-Messenger, Keiko -- Nittler, Larry -- Palma, Russ -- Pepin, Robert O -- Papanastassiou, Dimitri A -- Robert, Francois -- Schlutter, Dennis -- Snead, Christopher J -- Stadermann, Frank J -- Stroud, Rhonda -- Tsou, Peter -- Westphal, Andrew -- Young, Edward D -- Ziegler, Karen -- Zimmermann, Laurent -- Zinner, Ernst -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1724-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567, USA. mckeegan@ess.ucla.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170292" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carbon Isotopes/*analysis ; Deuterium/*analysis ; Hydrogen/analysis ; Isotopes/*analysis ; *Meteoroids ; Neon/analysis ; Nitrogen Isotopes/*analysis ; Noble Gases/analysis ; Oxygen Isotopes/*analysis ; Spacecraft
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2006-12-16
    Description: Particles emanating from comet 81P/Wild 2 collided with the Stardust spacecraft at 6.1 kilometers per second, producing hypervelocity impact features on the collector surfaces that were returned to Earth. The morphologies of these surprisingly diverse features were created by particles varying from dense mineral grains to loosely bound, polymineralic aggregates ranging from tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers in size. The cumulative size distribution of Wild 2 dust is shallower than that of comet Halley, yet steeper than that of comet Grigg-Skjellerup.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Horz, Friedrich -- Bastien, Ron -- Borg, Janet -- Bradley, John P -- Bridges, John C -- Brownlee, Donald E -- Burchell, Mark J -- Chi, Miaofang -- Cintala, Mark J -- Dai, Zu Rong -- Djouadi, Zahia -- Dominguez, Gerardo -- Economou, Thanasis E -- Fairey, Sam A J -- Floss, Christine -- Franchi, Ian A -- Graham, Giles A -- Green, Simon F -- Heck, Philipp -- Hoppe, Peter -- Huth, Joachim -- Ishii, Hope -- Kearsley, Anton T -- Kissel, Jochen -- Leitner, Jan -- Leroux, Hugues -- Marhas, Kuljeet -- Messenger, Keiko -- Schwandt, Craig S -- See, Thomas H -- Snead, Christopher -- Stadermann, Frank J 1st -- Stephan, Thomas -- Stroud, Rhonda -- Teslich, Nick -- Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M -- Tuzzolino, A J -- Troadec, David -- Tsou, Peter -- Warren, Jack -- Westphal, Andrew -- Wozniakiewicz, Penelope -- Wright, Ian -- Zinner, Ernst -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1716-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA. friedrich.p.horz@jsc.nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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