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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Organic carbon (OC) stored in Arctic permafrost represents one of Earth's largest and most vulnerable terrestrial carbon pools. Amplified climate warming across the Arctic results in widespread permafrost thaw. Permafrost deposits exposed at river cliffs and coasts are particularly susceptible to thawing processes. Accelerating erosion of terrestrial permafrost along shorelines leads to increased transfer of organic matter (OM) to nearshore waters. However, the amount of terrestrial permafrost carbon and nitrogen as well as the OM quality in these deposits are still poorly quantified. Here, we characterise the sources and the quality of OM supplied to the Lena River at a rapidly eroding permafrost river shoreline cliff in the eastern part of the delta (Sobo-Sise Island). Our multi-proxy approach captures bulk elemental, molecular geochemical and carbon isotopic analyses of late Pleistocene Yedoma permafrost and Holocene cover deposits, discontinuously spanning the last ~52 ka. We show that the ancient permafrost exposed in the Sobo-Sise cliff has a high organic carbon content (mean of about 5 wt%).We found that the OM quality, which we define as the intrinsic potential to further transformation, decomposition, and mineralization, is also high as inferred by the lipid biomarker inventory. The oldest sediments stem from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 interstadial deposits (dated to 52 to 28 cal kyr BP) and is overlaid by Last Glacial MIS 2 (dated to 28 to 15 cal ka BP) and Holocene MIS 1 (dated to 7–0 cal ka BP) deposits. The relatively high average chain length (ACL) index of n-alkanes along the cliff profile indicates a predominant contribution of vascular plants to the OM composition. The elevated ratio of iso and anteiso-branched FAs relative to long chain (C ≥ 20) n-FAs in the interstadial MIS 3 and the interglacial MIS 1 deposits, suggests stronger microbial activity and consequently higher input of bacterial biomass during these climatically warmer periods. The overall high carbon preference index (CPI) and higher plant fatty acid (HPFA) values as well as high C / N ratios point to a good quality of the preserved OM and thus to a high potential of the OM for decomposition upon thaw. A decrease of HPFA values downwards along the profile probably indicates a relatively stronger OM decomposition in the oldest (MIS 3) deposits of the cliff.
    Keywords: Biomarker; CACOON; Carbon; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; erosion; n-alkane; n-fatty acids; Siberia; Yedoma
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Organic carbon (OC) stored in Arctic permafrost represents one of Earth’s largest and most vulnerable terrestrial carbon pools. Amplified climate warming across the Arctic results in widespread permafrost thaw. Permafrost deposits exposed at river cliffs and coasts are particularly susceptible to thawing processes. Accelerating erosion of terrestrial permafrost along shorelines leads to increased transfer of organic matter (OM) to nearshore waters. However, the amount of terrestrial permafrost carbon and nitrogen as well as the OM quality in these deposits are still poorly quantified. Here, we characterise the sources and the quality of OM supplied to the Lena River at a rapidly eroding permafrost river shoreline cliff in the eastern part of the delta (Sobo-Sise Island). Our multi-proxy approach captures bulk elemental, molecular geochemical and carbon isotopic analyses of late Pleistocene Yedoma permafrost and Holocene cover deposits, discontinuously spanning the last ~52 ka. We show that the ancient permafrost exposed in the Sobo-Sise cliff has a high organic carbon content (mean of about 5 wt%).We found that the OM quality, which we define as the intrinsic potential to further transformation, decomposition, and mineralization, is also high as inferred by the lipid biomarker inventory. The oldest sediments stem from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 interstadial deposits (dated to 52 to 28 cal kyr BP) and is overlaid by Last Glacial MIS 2 (dated to 28 to 15 cal ka BP) and Holocene MIS 1 (dated to 7–0 cal ka BP) deposits. The relatively high average chain length (ACL) index of n-alkanes along the cliff profile indicates a predominant contribution of vascular plants to the OM composition. The elevated ratio of iso and anteiso-branched FAs relative to long chain (C ≥ 20) n-FAs in the interstadial MIS 3 and the interglacial MIS 1 deposits, suggests stronger microbial activity and consequently higher input of bacterial biomass during these climatically warmer periods. The overall high carbon preference index (CPI) and higher plant fatty acid (HPFA) values as well as high C / N ratios point to a good quality of the preserved OM and thus to a high potential of the OM for decomposition upon thaw. A decrease of HPFA values downwards along the profile probably indicates a relatively stronger OM decomposition in the oldest (MIS 3) deposits of the cliff.
    Keywords: AGE; AWI Arctic Land Expedition; Biomarker; CACOON; Carbon; Carbon, organic, total; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon Preference Index, n-Alkanes; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; erosion; Event label; Height above river level; Higher plant n-fatty acids, per unit sediment mass; Lithologic unit/sequence; n-alkane; n-Alkane, average chain length; n-Alkanes, long-chain, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkanes, long-chain per unit sediment mass; n-Alkanes, short-chain, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkanes, short-chain per unit sediment mass; n-fatty acids; n-fatty acids, C21-C23, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acids, C21-C23, per unit sediment mass; n-fatty acids, long-chain, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acids, long-chain per unit sediment mass; n-fatty acids, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acids, per unit sediment mass; n-fatty acids, short-chain, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acids, short-chain per unit sediment mass; Nitrogen, total; PERM; Ratio; RU-Land_2018_Lena_Sobo-Sise; Sample ID; Sampling permafrost; Siberia; SOB18-01; SOB18-03; SOB18-06; Sobo-Sise 2018; Sobo-Sise Island; Sum n-alkanes C14-C35, per unit mass total organic carbon; Sum n-alkanes C14-C35, per unit sediment mass; Yedoma; δ13C, organic matter
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 545 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Organic carbon (OC) stored in Arctic permafrost represents one of Earth’s largest and most vulnerable terrestrial carbon pools. Amplified climate warming across the Arctic results in widespread permafrost thaw. Permafrost deposits exposed at river cliffs and coasts are particularly susceptible to thawing processes. Accelerating erosion of terrestrial permafrost along shorelines leads to increased transfer of organic matter (OM) to nearshore waters. However, the amount of terrestrial permafrost carbon and nitrogen as well as the OM quality in these deposits are still poorly quantified. Here, we characterise the sources and the quality of OM supplied to the Lena River at a rapidly eroding permafrost river shoreline cliff in the eastern part of the delta (Sobo-Sise Island). Our multi-proxy approach captures bulk elemental, molecular geochemical and carbon isotopic analyses of late Pleistocene Yedoma permafrost and Holocene cover deposits, discontinuously spanning the last ~52 ka. We show that the ancient permafrost exposed in the Sobo-Sise cliff has a high organic carbon content (mean of about 5 wt%).We found that the OM quality, which we define as the intrinsic potential to further transformation, decomposition, and mineralization, is also high as inferred by the lipid biomarker inventory. The oldest sediments stem from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 interstadial deposits (dated to 52 to 28 cal kyr BP) and is overlaid by Last Glacial MIS 2 (dated to 28 to 15 cal ka BP) and Holocene MIS 1 (dated to 7–0 cal ka BP) deposits. The relatively high average chain length (ACL) index of n-alkanes along the cliff profile indicates a predominant contribution of vascular plants to the OM composition. The elevated ratio of iso and anteiso-branched FAs relative to long chain (C ≥ 20) n-FAs in the interstadial MIS 3 and the interglacial MIS 1 deposits, suggests stronger microbial activity and consequently higher input of bacterial biomass during these climatically warmer periods. The overall high carbon preference index (CPI) and higher plant fatty acid (HPFA) values as well as high C / N ratios point to a good quality of the preserved OM and thus to a high potential of the OM for decomposition upon thaw. A decrease of HPFA values downwards along the profile probably indicates a relatively stronger OM decomposition in the oldest (MIS 3) deposits of the cliff.
    Keywords: 10-methyl-fatty acid C14:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; 10-methyl-fatty acid C16:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; 10-methyl-fatty acid C17:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; 10-methyl-fatty acid C18:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; 12-methyl-fatty acid C16:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; 12-methyl-fatty acid C18:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; 3-hydroxyl-fatty acid C6:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; 3-hydroxyl-fatty acid C7:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; 3-hydroxyl-fatty acid C8:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; anteiso-fatty acid C11:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; anteiso-fatty acid C12:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; anteiso-fatty acid C13:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; anteiso-fatty acid C15:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; anteiso-fatty acid C17:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; anteiso-fatty acid C17:1, per unit mass total organic carbon; AWI Arctic Land Expedition; Biomarker; CACOON; Carbon; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; cyclo-fatty acid C17, per unit mass total organic carbon; cyclo-fatty acid C19, per unit mass total organic carbon; erosion; Event label; fatty acid C16:1w5, per unit mass total organic carbon; fatty acid C16:1w7cis, per unit mass total organic carbon; fatty acid C16:1w7trans, per unit mass total organic carbon; fatty acid C18:1w7cis, per unit mass total organic carbon; fatty acid C18:1w7trans, per unit mass total organic carbon; fatty acid C18:1w9, per unit mass total organic carbon; fatty acid C18:2w6,9, per unit mass total organic carbon; Height above river level; iso-fatty acid C10:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; iso-fatty acid C11:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; iso-fatty acid C13:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; iso-fatty acid C14:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; iso-fatty acid C15:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; iso-fatty acid C16:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; iso-fatty acid C17:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; iso-fatty acid C17:1, per unit mass total organic carbon; iso-fatty acid C18:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; iso-fatty acid C19:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; methyl-fatty acid C16:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; methyl-fatty acid C17:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-alkane; n-fatty acid C10:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C11:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C12:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C13:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C14:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C15:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C16:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C17:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C17:1, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C18:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C18:3, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C19:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C19:1, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C20:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C20:1, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C21:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C22:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C23:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C24:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C24:1, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C25:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C26:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C27:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C28:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C29:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C30:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C32:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C8:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acid C9:0, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-fatty acids; PERM; Phytanoic acid, per unit mass total organic carbon; RU-Land_2018_Lena_Sobo-Sise; Sample ID; Sampling permafrost; Siberia; SOB18-01; SOB18-03; SOB18-06; Sobo-Sise 2018; Sobo-Sise Island; Standard deviation; Stigmastenone, per unit mass total organic carbon; Yedoma
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 923 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Organic carbon (OC) stored in Arctic permafrost represents one of Earth’s largest and most vulnerable terrestrial carbon pools. Amplified climate warming across the Arctic results in widespread permafrost thaw. Permafrost deposits exposed at river cliffs and coasts are particularly susceptible to thawing processes. Accelerating erosion of terrestrial permafrost along shorelines leads to increased transfer of organic matter (OM) to nearshore waters. However, the amount of terrestrial permafrost carbon and nitrogen as well as the OM quality in these deposits are still poorly quantified. Here, we characterise the sources and the quality of OM supplied to the Lena River at a rapidly eroding permafrost river shoreline cliff in the eastern part of the delta (Sobo-Sise Island). Our multi-proxy approach captures bulk elemental, molecular geochemical and carbon isotopic analyses of late Pleistocene Yedoma permafrost and Holocene cover deposits, discontinuously spanning the last ~52 ka. We show that the ancient permafrost exposed in the Sobo-Sise cliff has a high organic carbon content (mean of about 5 wt%).We found that the OM quality, which we define as the intrinsic potential to further transformation, decomposition, and mineralization, is also high as inferred by the lipid biomarker inventory. The oldest sediments stem from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 interstadial deposits (dated to 52 to 28 cal kyr BP) and is overlaid by Last Glacial MIS 2 (dated to 28 to 15 cal ka BP) and Holocene MIS 1 (dated to 7–0 cal ka BP) deposits. The relatively high average chain length (ACL) index of n-alkanes along the cliff profile indicates a predominant contribution of vascular plants to the OM composition. The elevated ratio of iso and anteiso-branched FAs relative to long chain (C ≥ 20) n-FAs in the interstadial MIS 3 and the interglacial MIS 1 deposits, suggests stronger microbial activity and consequently higher input of bacterial biomass during these climatically warmer periods. The overall high carbon preference index (CPI) and higher plant fatty acid (HPFA) values as well as high C / N ratios point to a good quality of the preserved OM and thus to a high potential of the OM for decomposition upon thaw. A decrease of HPFA values downwards along the profile probably indicates a relatively stronger OM decomposition in the oldest (MIS 3) deposits of the cliff.
    Keywords: AWI Arctic Land Expedition; Biomarker; CACOON; Carbon; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; erosion; Event label; Height above river level; n-alkane; n-Alkane C14, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C14, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C15, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C15, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C16, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C16, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C17, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C17, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C18, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C18, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C19, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C19, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C20, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C20, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C21, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C21, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C22, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C22, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C23, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C23, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C24, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C24, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C25, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C25, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C26, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C26, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C27, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C27, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C28, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C28, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C29, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C29, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C30, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C30, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C31, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C31, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C32, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C32, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C33, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C33, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C34, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C34, per unit sediment mass; n-Alkane C35, per unit mass total organic carbon; n-Alkane C35, per unit sediment mass; n-fatty acids; PERM; RU-Land_2018_Lena_Sobo-Sise; Sample ID; Sampling permafrost; Siberia; SOB18-01; SOB18-03; SOB18-06; Sobo-Sise 2018; Sobo-Sise Island; Yedoma
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1294 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-09-09
    Description: This data set includes spatial high-resolution bathymetry data sets for the Lena Delta and Kolyma Gulf regions. Based on large-scale current and historical nautical maps, depth points and isobaths lines were manually digitized and served as input data for the bathymetry models. The models were calculated with the topo to raster tool in ArcGIS TM version 10.6 into a 50 m (TTR50) and a 200 m (TTR200) grid cell bathymetry for both regions. The models were validated with depth data derived from ship cruises in 2019 (Fuchs et al., submitted, Palmtag et al., 2021, Palmtag and Mann, 2021) and water depth data available on PANGAEA (e.g. Hölemann et al., 2020). Beside the bathymetry models for the Lena Delta and Kolyma Gulf regions which are available in GeoTiff format, this data set contains the complete input data for the models, which includes the depth point data, the isobaths lines, and the water area extent in shapefile format for both regions.
    Keywords: AWI_Perma; CACOON; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; Permafrost Research
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-09-09
    Description: This data set includes the 50 m and 200 m bathymetry model for the Lena Delta region covering 232,700 km2 stretching from Cape Mamontov Klyk in the western Laptev Sea to Kotelny Island in the New Siberian Islands. The models were calculated with the topo to raster tool in ArcGIS TM version 10.6 based on depth points and isobaths lines derived from large-scale current and historical nautical maps. The final bathymetry models are available in GeoTiff format in 50 m (TTR_50m_LenaDelta.tif) and 200 m (TTR_200m_LenaDelta.tif) spatial resolution. In addition, the data set includes the complete input data for the bathymetry models. The input data consists of a point shapefile (Depth_points_LenaDelta.shp) including 50,828 manually digitized depth point measurements, a polyline shapefile (Isobaths_LenaDelta.shp) including 720 manually digitized isobath lines and a polygon shapefile (Water_area_LenaDelta.shp) for the water extent. The Lena Delta region bathymetry was validated with depth data derived from ship cruises in 2019 (Fuchs et al. submitted, Palmtag et al., 2021) as well as water depth data available on PANGAEA (e.g. Hölemann et al., 2020).
    Keywords: Arctic; AWI_Perma; CACOON; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; East Siberian Sea; Laptev Sea; Lena_Delta; near shore; Permafrost Research
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/x-7z-compressed, 307.2 MBytes
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-09-09
    Description: This data set includes the 50 m and 200 m bathymetry model for the Kolyma Gulf region covering an area of 12,100 km2 extending from the apex of the Kolyma Delta (5 km downstream of the city of Cherskiy) to 70 km offshore into the East Siberian Sea. The models were calculated with the topo to raster tool in ArcGIS TM version 10.6 based on depth points and isobaths lines derived from large-scale current and historical nautical maps. In addition, the water area extent for this region was derived from the Global Surface Water layer by Pekel et al. (2016). The final bathymetry models are available in GeoTiff format in 50 m (TTR_50m_KolymaGulf.tif) and 200 m (TTR_200m_KolymaGulf.tif) spatial resolution. In addition, the data set includes the complete input data for the bathymetry models. The input data consists of a point shapefile (Depth_points_KolymaGulf.shp) including 24,126 manually digitized point depth measurements, a polyline shapefile (Isobaths_KolymaGulf.shp) including 1,053 manually digitized isobath lines and a polygon shapefile (Water_area_KolymaGulf.shp) for the water extent. The Kolyma Gulf region bathymetry was validated with depth data derived from ship cruises in 2019 (Palmtag and Mann, 2021).
    Keywords: Arctic; AWI_Perma; CACOON; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; East Siberian Sea; Kolyma_Gulf; Laptev Sea; near shore; Permafrost Research
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/x-7z-compressed, 18.2 MBytes
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-09-26
    Description: This data set includes the CTD cast locations, which were measured during the CACOON 2019 expeditions (Fuchs et al., 2021; Strauss et al., 2021) in the Lena Delta region in Siberia. The data collection took place during two field campaigns; the first one was in March-April 2019, the second one in August 2019. Measurements were taken with a handheld SontekTM CastAway sensor with an integrated GPS. The measured data include pressure, depth, temperature, conductivity, specific conductance, salinity, sound velocity, and density. In total, 31 depth profiles were measured from the Sardakhskaya main river channel in the Lena Delta to 80 km offshore in the Laptev Sea to specifically target the mouth area of the Sardakhskaya channel. The CTD was lowered from water surface with an additional ballast to make sure the small CTD device reached the sea (or river) bed. This data sets includes detailed data about the locations, time and duration of CTD measurements in the Lena Delta region.
    Keywords: AWI_PerDyn; AWI Arctic Land Expedition; CAC19-01; CAC19-02; CAC19-03; CAC19-04; CAC19-23; CAC19-A; CAC19-B; CAC19-C; CAC19-D; CAC19-E; CAC19-F; CAC19-G; CAC19-H; CAC19-S-04; CAC19-S-05; CAC19-S-06; CAC19-S-07; CAC19-S-08; CAC19-S-09; CAC19-S-10; CACOON; Campaign; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; coastal zone; CTD; Data collection location; DATE/TIME; Date/Time local; Depth, bottom/max; Duration; Event label; Instrument; Laptev Sea; Laptev Sea, Siberia; LATITUDE; LEN19-S-01; LEN19-S-02; LEN19-S-03; LEN19-S-04; LEN19-S-05; LEN19-S-06; LEN19-S-07; LEN19-S-08; LEN19-S-09; LEN19-S-78; LEN19-S-89; Lena 2019; Lena Delta; Lena Delta, Siberia; LONGITUDE; MULT; Multiple investigations; Nearshore zone; Permafrost Research (Periglacial Dynamics) @ AWI; RU-Land_2019_Lena; Sardakhskaya
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 186 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-09-26
    Description: This data set includes measurement during the CACOON 2019 expeditions (Fuchs et al., 2021; Strauss et al., 2021) in the Lena Delta region in Siberia. The data collection took place during two field campaigns; the first one was in March-April 2019, the second one in August 2019. Measurements were taken with a handheld SontekTM CastAway sensor with an integrated GPS. The measured data include pressure (dbar; accuracy: 0.25%), depth (m; ±0.25%), temperature (°C; ±0.05°C), conductivity (mS/cm; 0.25%±0.005 mS/cm), specific conductance (mS/cm; 0.25%±0.005 mS/cm), salinity (practical salinity scale; ±0.1), sound velocity (m/s; ±0.15 m/s), and density (kg/m3; ±0.02 kg/m3). In total, 31 depth profiles were measured from the Sardakhskaya main river channel in the Lena Delta to 80 km offshore in the Laptev Sea to specifically target the mouth area of the Sardakhskaya channel. The CTD was lowered from water surface with an additional ballast to make sure the small CTD device reached the sea (or river) bed.
    Keywords: AWI_PerDyn; AWI Arctic Land Expedition; CAC19-01; CAC19-02; CAC19-03; CAC19-04; CAC19-23; CAC19-A; CAC19-B; CAC19-C; CAC19-D; CAC19-E; CAC19-F; CAC19-G; CAC19-H; CAC19-S-04; CAC19-S-05; CAC19-S-06; CAC19-S-07; CAC19-S-08; CAC19-S-09; CAC19-S-10; CACOON; Calculated; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; coastal zone; Conductance, specific; Conductivity; CTD; CTD, SonTek, CastAway-CTD; CTD-CAST; Density, mass density; DEPTH, water; Event label; Laptev Sea; Laptev Sea, Siberia; LATITUDE; LEN19-S-01; LEN19-S-02; LEN19-S-03; LEN19-S-04; LEN19-S-05; LEN19-S-06; LEN19-S-07; LEN19-S-08; LEN19-S-09; LEN19-S-78; LEN19-S-89; Lena 2019; Lena Delta; Lena Delta, Siberia; LONGITUDE; MULT; Multiple investigations; Nearshore zone; Permafrost Research (Periglacial Dynamics) @ AWI; Pressure, water; RU-Land_2019_Lena; Salinity; Sardakhskaya; Sound velocity in water; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7140 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-08-21
    Description: Organic carbon (OC) stored in Arctic permafrost represents one of Earth’s largest and most vulnerable terrestrial carbon pools. Amplified climate warming across the Arctic results in widespread permafrost thaw. Permafrost deposits exposed at river cliffs and coasts are particularly susceptible to thawing processes. Accelerating erosion of terrestrial permafrost along shorelines leads to increased transfer of organic matter (OM) to nearshore waters. However, the amount of terrestrial permafrost carbon and nitrogen as well as the OM quality in these deposits are still poorly quantified. Here, we characterise the sources and the quality of OM supplied to the Lena River at a rapidly eroding permafrost river shoreline cliff in the eastern part of the delta (Sobo-Sise Island). Our multi-proxy approach captures bulk elemental, molecular geochemical and carbon isotopic analyses of late Pleistocene Yedoma permafrost and Holocene cover deposits, discontinuously spanning the last ~52 ka. We show that the ancient permafrost exposed in the Sobo-Sise cliff has a high organic carbon content (mean of about 5 wt%).We found that the OM quality, which we define as the intrinsic potential to further transformation, decomposition, and mineralization, is also high as inferred by the lipid biomarker inventory. The oldest sediments stem from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 interstadial deposits (dated to 52 to 28 cal kyr BP) and is overlaid by Last Glacial MIS 2 (dated to 28 to 15 cal ka BP) and Holocene MIS 1 (dated to 7–0 cal ka BP) deposits. The relatively high average chain length (ACL) index of n-alkanes along the cliff profile indicates a predominant contribution of vascular plants to the OM composition. The elevated ratio of iso and anteiso-branched FAs relative to long chain (C ≥ 20) n-FAs in the interstadial MIS 3 and the interglacial MIS 1 deposits, suggests stronger microbial activity and consequently higher input of bacterial biomass during these climatically warmer periods. The overall high carbon preference index (CPI) and higher plant fatty acid (HPFA) values as well as high C / N ratios point to a good quality of the preserved OM and thus to a high potential of the OM for decomposition upon thaw. A decrease of HPFA values downwards along the profile probably indicates a relatively stronger OM decomposition in the oldest (MIS 3) deposits of the cliff.
    Keywords: 10-methyl-fatty acid C14:0; 10-methyl-fatty acid C16:0; 10-methyl-fatty acid C17:0; 10-methyl-fatty acid C18:0; 12-methyl-fatty acid C16:0; 12-methyl-fatty acid C18:0; 3-hydroxyl-fatty acid C6:0; 3-hydroxyl-fatty acid C7:0; 3-hydroxyl-fatty acid C8:0; anteiso-fatty acid C11:0; anteiso-fatty acid C12:0; anteiso-fatty acid C13:0; anteiso-fatty acid C15:0; anteiso-fatty acid C17:0; anteiso-fatty acid C17:1; AWI Arctic Land Expedition; Biomarker; CACOON; Carbon; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; cyclo-fatty acid C17; cyclo-fatty acid C19; erosion; Event label; fatty acid C16:1w5; fatty acid C16:1w7cis; fatty acid C16:1w7trans; fatty acid C18:1w7cis; fatty acid C18:1w7trans; fatty acid C18:1w9; fatty acid C18:2w6,9; Height above river level; iso-fatty acid C10:0; iso-fatty acid C11:0; iso-fatty acid C13:0; iso-fatty acid C14:0; iso-fatty acid C15:0; iso-fatty acid C16:0; iso-fatty acid C17:0; iso-fatty acid C17:1; iso-fatty acid C18:0; iso-fatty acid C19:0; methyl-fatty acid C16:0; methyl-fatty acid C17:0; n-alkane; n-fatty acid C10:0; n-fatty acid C11:0; n-fatty acid C12:0; n-fatty acid C13:0; n-fatty acid C14:0; n-fatty acid C15:0; n-fatty acid C16:0; n-fatty acid C17:0; n-fatty acid C17:1; n-fatty acid C18:0; n-fatty acid C18:3; n-fatty acid C19:0; n-fatty acid C19:1; n-fatty acid C20:0; n-fatty acid C20:1; n-fatty acid C21:0; n-fatty acid C22:0; n-fatty acid C23:0; n-fatty acid C24:0; n-fatty acid C24:1; n-fatty acid C25:0; n-fatty acid C26:0; n-fatty acid C27:0; n-fatty acid C28:0; n-fatty acid C29:0; n-fatty acid C30:0; n-fatty acid C32:0; n-fatty acid C8:0; n-fatty acid C9:0; n-fatty acids; PERM; Phytanoic acid; RU-Land_2018_Lena_Sobo-Sise; Sample ID; Sampling permafrost; Siberia; SOB18-01; SOB18-03; SOB18-06; Sobo-Sise 2018; Sobo-Sise Island; Standard deviation; Stigmastenone; Yedoma
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 923 data points
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