Publication Date:
2014-10-25
Description:
We present the high-quality genome sequence of a approximately 45,000-year-old modern human male from Siberia. This individual derives from a population that lived before-or simultaneously with-the separation of the populations in western and eastern Eurasia and carries a similar amount of Neanderthal ancestry as present-day Eurasians. However, the genomic segments of Neanderthal ancestry are substantially longer than those observed in present-day individuals, indicating that Neanderthal gene flow into the ancestors of this individual occurred 7,000-13,000 years before he lived. We estimate an autosomal mutation rate of 0.4 x 10(-9) to 0.6 x 10(-9) per site per year, a Y chromosomal mutation rate of 0.7 x 10(-9) to 0.9 x 10(-9) per site per year based on the additional substitutions that have occurred in present-day non-Africans compared to this genome, and a mitochondrial mutation rate of 1.8 x 10(-8) to 3.2 x 10(-8) per site per year based on the age of the bone.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4753769/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4753769/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fu, Qiaomei -- Li, Heng -- Moorjani, Priya -- Jay, Flora -- Slepchenko, Sergey M -- Bondarev, Aleksei A -- Johnson, Philip L F -- Aximu-Petri, Ayinuer -- Prufer, Kay -- de Filippo, Cesare -- Meyer, Matthias -- Zwyns, Nicolas -- Salazar-Garcia, Domingo C -- Kuzmin, Yaroslav V -- Keates, Susan G -- Kosintsev, Pavel A -- Razhev, Dmitry I -- Richards, Michael P -- Peristov, Nikolai V -- Lachmann, Michael -- Douka, Katerina -- Higham, Thomas F G -- Slatkin, Montgomery -- Hublin, Jean-Jacques -- Reich, David -- Kelso, Janet -- Viola, T Bence -- Paabo, Svante -- F32 GM115006/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM100233/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- K99 GM104158/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- K99-GM104158/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM100233/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM40282/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Oct 23;514(7523):445-9. doi: 10.1038/nature13810.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, IVPP, CAS, Beijing 100044, China [2] Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. ; 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA. ; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3140, USA. ; Institute for Problems of the Development of the North, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumen 625026, Russia. ; Expert Criminalistics Center, Omsk Division of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Omsk 644007, Russia. ; Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. ; Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. ; 1] Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany [2] Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. ; 1] Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany [2] Department of Archaeology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa [3] Departament de Prehistoria i Arqueologia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain [4] Research Group on Plant Foods in Hominin Dietary Ecology, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. ; Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. ; Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg 620144, Russia. ; 1] Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany [2] Laboratory of Archaeology, Department of Anthropology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada. ; Siberian Cultural Center, Omsk 644010, Russia. ; 1] Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany [2] Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501, USA. ; Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK. ; Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. ; 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [3] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; 1] Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany [2] Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25341783" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Alleles
;
Animals
;
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/genetics
;
Diet
;
Evolution, Molecular
;
*Fossils
;
Genome, Human/*genetics
;
Humans
;
Hybridization, Genetic/genetics
;
Male
;
Molecular Sequence Data
;
Mutation Rate
;
Neanderthals/genetics
;
Phylogeny
;
Population Density
;
Population Dynamics
;
Principal Component Analysis
;
Sequence Analysis, DNA
;
Siberia
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
