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  • 1
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    Atmospheric Flash Drought in the Caribbean (2024)
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    Publication Date: 2024-05-01
    Description: Despite the intensifying interest in flash drought both within the United States and globally, moist tropical landscapes have largely escaped the attention of the flash drought community. Because these ecozones are acclimatized to receiving regular, near-daily precipitation, they are especially vulnerable to rapid-drying events. This is particularly true within the Caribbean Sea basin where numerous small islands lack the surface and groundwater resources to cope with swiftly developing drought conditions. This study fills the tropical flash drought gap by examining the pervasiveness of flash drought across the pan-Caribbean region using a recently proposed criterion based on the evaporative demand drought index (EDDI). The EDDI identifies 46 instances of widespread flash drought “outbreaks” in which significant fractions of the pan-Caribbean encounter rapid drying over 15 days and then maintain this condition for another 15 days. Moreover, a self-organizing maps (SOM) classification reveals a tendency for flash drought to assume recurring typologies concentrated in one of the Central American, South American, or Greater Antilles coastlines, although a simultaneous, Caribbean-wide drought is never observed within the 40-yr (1981–2020) period examined. Furthermore, three of the six flash drought typol- ogies identified by the SOM initiate most often during Phase 2 of the Madden–Julian oscillation. Collectively, these find- ings motivate the need to more critically examine the transferability of flash drought definitions into the global tropics, particularly for small water-vulnerable islands where even island-wide flash droughts may only occupy a few pixels in most reanalysis datasets.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.2177-2189
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  • 2
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    At-sea application of the comet assay to a deep-sea fish (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-01
    Description: Given the go ahead, deep-sea mining operations are likely to continue for decades on a substantial spatial scale and the resulting sediment plumes combined, are likely to extend beyond the licenced mining areas, and could lead to the chronic exposure of deep-sea organisms to a mixture of metals, even mobile species, such as fish, that could conceivably display avoidance behaviour. The metal concentrations, often substantially below lethal doses, mean that individual mortality is too blunt a measure to allow assessment of “serious harm”. Commonly used cellular biomarkers of exposure in ecotoxicology include DNA damage using the Comet assay. True deep-sea ecotoxicological studies with fish are rare and to our knowledge, there are no published data or method optimizations for deep-sea fish. Coryphaenoides ssp. were collected during SMARTEX expedition 1 (Feb/Mar, 2023) to the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the Eastern Pacific Ocean using a baited trap deployed between 4580–4,732m depth for 24–48 h. Blood and gill tissue were removed and processed for the Comet assay. In order to reduce artefactual DNA damage from cryopreservation observed previously, two sets of samples were prepared: a cryopreservative (10% DMSO) was added to one set of samples and stored at − 80 ◦C; the second set was used to perform a Comet assay within hours of collection. A custom-built gimble table enabled horizontal electrophoresis at sea after which Comet assay slides were dried and stored at room temperature until further analysis. The Comet assay was also assessed in freshly sampled and frozen rainbow trout cells as a proxy control in order to evaluate potential artefacts from the collection and sampling procedure of the deep-sea fish. The blood samples processed at sea had a significantly reduced level of DNA damage compared to the frozen samples. There was no significant difference between the fresh deep-sea and rainbow trout samples. However, the freshly prepared gill samples in Coryphaenoides ssp. showed substantial artefacts, possibly as a consequence of barotrauma. These results represent the first effort at establishing baseline DNA damage data for deep-sea fish, an essential component in understating and quantifying the impact of deep-sea mining.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Ecotoxicology ; DNA damage ; Genotoxicology ; Biomarker
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: 8pp.
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  • 3
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    Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Ny-Ålesund (2007-08) (2008)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; AWIPEV; AWIPEV_based; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; Direct radiation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation; Monitoring station; MONS; NYA; Ny-Ålesund; Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913708, WRMC No. 11011; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913711, WRMC No. 11009; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913712, WRMC No. 11016; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28858 F3, WRMC No. 11002; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28897 F3, WRMC No. 11001; Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 28058 E6, WRMC No. 13017; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Station pressure; Thermometer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 401738 data points
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  • 4
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    Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Ny-Ålesund (2008-09) (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; AWIPEV; AWIPEV_based; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; Direct radiation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation; Monitoring station; MONS; NYA; Ny-Ålesund; Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913704, WRMC No. 11010; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913707, WRMC No. 11014; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913709, WRMC No. 11015; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28859 F3, WRMC No. 11003; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28895 F3, WRMC No. 11004; Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 28692 E6, WRMC No. 11005; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Station pressure; Thermometer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 388800 data points
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  • 5
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    Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Ny-Ålesund (2008-10) (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; AWIPEV; AWIPEV_based; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; Direct radiation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation; Monitoring station; MONS; NYA; Ny-Ålesund; Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913704, WRMC No. 11010; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913707, WRMC No. 11014; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913709, WRMC No. 11015; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28859 F3, WRMC No. 11003; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28895 F3, WRMC No. 11004; Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 28692 E6, WRMC No. 11005; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Station pressure; Thermometer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 401760 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Ny-Ålesund (2008-11) (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; AWIPEV; AWIPEV_based; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation; Monitoring station; MONS; NYA; Ny-Ålesund; Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913704, WRMC No. 11010; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913707, WRMC No. 11014; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913709, WRMC No. 11015; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28859 F3, WRMC No. 11003; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28895 F3, WRMC No. 11004; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Station pressure; Thermometer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 344853 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Ny-Ålesund (2009-01) (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; AWIPEV; AWIPEV_based; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation; Monitoring station; MONS; NYA; Ny-Ålesund; Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913704, WRMC No. 11010; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913707, WRMC No. 11014; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913709, WRMC No. 11015; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28859 F3, WRMC No. 11003; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28895 F3, WRMC No. 11004; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Station pressure; Thermometer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 352048 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Ny-Ålesund (2009-02) (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; AWIPEV; AWIPEV_based; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation; Monitoring station; MONS; NYA; Ny-Ålesund; Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913704, WRMC No. 11010; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913707, WRMC No. 11014; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913709, WRMC No. 11015; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28859 F3, WRMC No. 11003; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28895 F3, WRMC No. 11004; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Station pressure; Thermometer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 315114 data points
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  • 9
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    Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Ny-Ålesund (2009-04) (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; AWIPEV; AWIPEV_based; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; Direct radiation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation; Monitoring station; MONS; NYA; Ny-Ålesund; Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913704, WRMC No. 11010; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913707, WRMC No. 11014; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913709, WRMC No. 11015; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28859 F3, WRMC No. 11003; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28895 F3, WRMC No. 11004; Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 28692 E6, WRMC No. 11005; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Station pressure; Thermometer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 381944 data points
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  • 10
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    Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Ny-Ålesund (2010-01) (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; AWIPEV; AWIPEV_based; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation; Monitoring station; MONS; NYA; Ny-Ålesund; Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913708, WRMC No. 11011; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913711, WRMC No. 11009; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913712, WRMC No. 11016; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28858 F3, WRMC No. 11002; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28897 F3, WRMC No. 11001; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Station pressure; Thermometer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 357119 data points
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